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Institution

Cancer Epidemiology Unit

About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testicular cancer survivors were more likely to develop chronic health conditions when compared to cancer-free men, and being obese prior to cancer diagnosis appeared to be the strongest factor associated with late effects.
Abstract: Testicular cancer is diagnosed at a young age and survival rates are high; thus, the long-term effects of cancer treatment need to be assessed Our objectives are to estimate the incidence rates and determinants of late effects in testicular cancer survivors We conducted a population-based cohort study of testicular cancer survivors, diagnosed 1991–2007, followed up for a median of 10 years We identified 785 testicular cancer patients who survived ≥5 years and 3323 men free of cancer for the comparison group Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to compare the hazard ratio between the cases and the comparison group and for internal analysis among case patients Testicular cancer survivors experienced a 24 % increase in risk of long-term health effects >5 years after diagnosis The overall incidence rate of late effects among testicular cancer survivors was 663 per 1000 person years Higher risks were observed among testicular cancer survivors for hypercholesterolemia, infertility, and orchitis Chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection appeared to increase the risk of late effects Being obese prior to cancer diagnosis appeared to be the strongest factor associated with late effects Testicular cancer survivors were more likely to develop chronic health conditions when compared to cancer-free men While the late effects risk was increased among testicular cancer survivors, the incidence rates of late effects after cancer diagnosis was fairly low

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that limitation in physical functioning, but not physical activity or time outdoors, is strongly related to hip fracture risk, and the apparent increased risk of hip fracture previously described for lowPhysical activity or sun exposure may be, at least in part due to uncontrolled confounding.
Abstract: Low levels of physical activity or sun exposure and limitations to physical functioning (or disability) have been identified as possible risk factors for hip fracture. However, these factors are closely related, and data on their independent and joint association with risk of hip fracture are limited. A total of 158,057 individuals aged ≥45 years sampled from the general population of New South Wales, Australia, from the prospective 45 and Up Study completed a baseline postal questionnaire in 2006 to 2009 including data on physical activity (Active Australia questionnaire); sun exposure (usual time outdoors); and physical functioning (Medical Outcomes Score-Physical Functioning; scored 0 to 100). Incident first hip fractures were ascertained by linkage to administrative hospital data (n = 293; average follow-up 2.3 years). The relative risk (RR) of hip fracture was estimated using Cox proportional hazards. Poorer physical functioning, lower physical activity, and less time outdoors were positively related to each other at baseline and individually associated with significantly increased hip fracture risk. However, physical activity and time outdoors were not significantly related to hip fracture risk after adjustment for baseline physical functioning or when analysis was restricted to those with no or mild baseline physical limitation. In contrast, physical functioning remained strongly related to hip fracture risk after adjustment for the other two factors; compared with the group without limitation (100), the RR of hip fracture among those with mild (75–95), moderate (50–70), severe (25–45), and greatest (0–20) level of physical limitation was 1.38 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–2.14), 2.14 (1.29–3.53), 3.87 (2.31–6.44), and 5.61 (3.33–9.42), respectively. The findings suggest that limitation in physical functioning, but not physical activity or time outdoors, is strongly related to hip fracture risk. The apparent increased risk of hip fracture previously described for low physical activity or sun exposure may be, at least in part due to uncontrolled confounding. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

27 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: DAA therapy is safe and effective to eradicate HCV in MC, but seems associated with satisfactory clinical response in mild or moderate cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and no response in B-NHL.
Abstract: Objectives To investigate the long-term effects and safety of new direct anti-viral agents (DAAs) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC) without renal involvement. Methods The study enrolled 22 consecutive patients, 19 received sofosbuvir-based regimen and three patients received other DAAs, individually tailored according to latest guidelines. As of December 2016, the median length of follow-up was 17 months (range 13-21). Results Extra-hepatic manifestations at enrollment were: purpura and arthralgia (12 cases), peripheral neuropathy (10 cases) and marginal zone B- lymphomas (2 cases). After a four-week DAA therapy, all patients became HCV- negative. Moreover, after 48 weeks since the beginning of DAA treatment, sustained regression of purpura and arthralgias was observed respectively in eight and in nine cases; peripheral neuropathy improved in seven cases, and cryocrit median values decreased from three (1-20) at baseline to two (1-12) after 48 weeks. Two cases with indolent marginal zone lymphomas did not show any haematological response: size and number of the involved nodes remained unchanged. In addition, the monoclonal B-cell population found in the peripheral blood in four cases did not disappear after recovery from HCV- RNA. Mild side effects occurred in nine patients, but six patients developed ribavirin-related anaemia requiring reduction of ribavirin dose. Conclusions DAA therapy is safe and effective to eradicate HCV in MC, but seems associated with satisfactory clinical response in mild or moderate cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis and no response in B-NHL.

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, associations between body fatness, height, and prostate cancer risk were examined among 830 772 men, including 51 734 incident prostate cancer cases, including 4762 advanced, advanced restricted, and high-grade prostate cancer deaths.

27 citations

Posted ContentDOI
30 Nov 2020-medRxiv
TL;DR: The updated version of the Oxford WebQ questionnaire nutrient calculation has recently been replaced with the UK Nutrient Databank, which has food composition data closer in time to when participants completed the questionnaire, and new dietary variables were incorporated.
Abstract: Purpose The Oxford WebQ is a web-based 24-hour dietary assessment method which has been used in UK Biobank and other large prospective studies. The food composition table used to calculate nutrient intakes has recently been replaced with the UK Nutrient Databank, which has food composition data closer in time to when participants completed the questionnaire, and new dietary variables were incorporated. Here we describe the updated version of the Oxford WebQ questionnaire nutrient calculation, and compare nutrient intakes with the previous version used. Methods 207,144 UK Biobank participants completed ≥1 Oxford WebQs, and means and standard deviations of nutrient intakes were averaged for all completed 24-h dietary assessments. Spearman correlations and weighted kappa statistics were used to compare the re-classification and agreement of nutrient intakes between the two versions. Results 35 new nutrients were incorporated in the updated version. Compared to the previous version, most nutrients were very similar in the updated version except for a few nutrients which showed a difference of >10%: lower with the new version for trans-fat (−20%), and vitamin C (−15%), but higher for retinol (+42%), vitamin D (+26%) and vitamin E (+20%). Most participants were in the same (>60%) or adjacent (>90%) quintile of intake for the two versions. Except for trans-fat (r=0.58, κ=0.42), very high correlations were found between the nutrients calculated using the two versions (r>0.79 and κ>0.60). Conclusion Small absolute differences in nutrient intakes were observed between the two versions, and the ranking of individuals was minimally affected, except for trans-fat.

27 citations


Authors

Showing all 669 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Richard Peto183683231434
Kay-Tee Khaw1741389138782
Silvia Franceschi1551340112504
Timothy J. Key14680890810
Hans-Olov Adami14590883473
Alicja Wolk13577866239
Paolo Vineis134108886608
Lars Klareskog13169763281
Eva Negri129101066735
John A. Baron12860961182
Jack Cuzick12875479979
Anders Ekbom11661351430
C. La Vecchia11581753460
Valerie Beral11447153729
Carlo La Vecchia112126556282
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2021174
2020131
2019130
201890
201784
201678