Institution
Cancer Epidemiology Unit
About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Breast cancer, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Prospective cohort study
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Utrecht University1, International Agency for Research on Cancer2, Leibniz Association3, Charles University in Prague4, French Institute of Health and Medical Research5, University of Bologna6, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai7, National Institutes of Health8, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico9, Cancer Care Ontario10, The Catholic University of America11, University of Oviedo12, University of Liverpool13, Université Paris-Saclay14, Karolinska Institutet15, Palacký University, Olomouc16, University of Duisburg-Essen17, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich18, EHESP19, University of Toronto20, Cancer Epidemiology Unit21, Institut national de la recherche scientifique22, Université de Montréal23, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine24
TL;DR: EC-exposed men had elevated risks in all lung cancer subtypes investigated; associations were strongest for squamous and small cell carcinomas and weaker for adenocarcinoma.
Abstract: Rationale: Although the carcinogenicity of diesel engine exhaust has been demonstrated in multiple studies, little is known regarding exposure-response relationships associated with different exposure subgroups and different lung cancer subtypes.Objectives: We expanded on a previous pooled case-control analysis on diesel engine exhaust and lung cancer by including three additional studies and quantitative exposure assessment to evaluate lung cancer and subtype risks associated with occupational exposure to diesel exhaust characterized by elemental carbon (EC) concentrations.Methods: We used a quantitative EC job-exposure matrix for exposure assessment. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate lung cancer odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with various metrics of EC exposure. Lung cancer excess lifetime risks (ELR) were calculated using life tables accounting for all-cause mortality. Additional stratified analyses by smoking history and lung cancer subtypes were performed in men.Measurements and Main Results: Our study included 16,901 lung cancer cases and 20,965 control subjects. In men, exposure response between EC and lung cancer was observed: odds ratios ranged from 1.09 (95% CI, 1.00-1.18) to 1.41 (95% CI, 1.30-1.52) for the lowest and highest cumulative exposure groups, respectively. EC-exposed men had elevated risks in all lung cancer subtypes investigated; associations were strongest for squamous and small cell carcinomas and weaker for adenocarcinoma. EC lung cancer exposure response was observed in men regardless of smoking history, including in never-smokers. ELR associated with 45 years of EC exposure at 50, 20, and 1 μg/m3 were 3.0%, 0.99%, and 0.04%, respectively, for both sexes combined.Conclusions: We observed a consistent exposure-response relationship between EC exposure and lung cancer in men. Reduction of workplace EC levels to background environmental levels will further reduce lung cancer ELR in exposed workers.
24 citations
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University of Bergen1, Haukeland University Hospital2, Norwegian Institute of Public Health3, Cancer Epidemiology Unit4, Université Paris-Saclay5, German Cancer Research Center6, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens7, Harvard University8, Prevention Institute9, Imperial College London10, University of Malaya11, Utrecht University12, Umeå University13, University of Granada14, University of Murcia15, National Health Research Institutes16, University of London17, Queen Mary University of London18, International Agency for Research on Cancer19
TL;DR: This large cohort study firmly establishes an association between an index of vitamin B 6 levels with lung cancer risk, and provides robust evidence that increased vitamin B6 catabolism is independently associated with a higher risk of future lung cancer.
Abstract: Circulating pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) has been linked to lung cancer risk. The PAr index, defined as the ratio 4-pyridoxic acid/(pyridoxal + PLP), reflects increased vitamin B6 catabolism during inflammation. PAr has been defined as a marker of lung cancer risk in a prospective cohort study, but analysis of a larger numbers of cases are needed to deepen the significance of this study. Here, we conducted a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, n = 521,330), which included 892 incident lung cancer cases and 1,748 controls matched by center, gender, date of blood collection, and date of birth. The association of PAr with risk of lung cancer was evaluated by using conditional logistic regression. Study participants with elevated PAr experienced higher risk of lung cancer in a dose-response fashion, with a doubling in PAr levels associated with 52% higher odds of lung cancer after adjustment for tobacco smoking, serum cotinine levels, educational attainment, and BMI [OR, 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.81; P < 0.001]. Additional adjustment for intake of vegetables and fruits and physical activity did not materially affect risk association. The association of PAr with lung cancer risk was similar in both genders but slightly stronger in former smokers and in participants diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. This study provides robust evidence that increased vitamin B6 catabolism is independently associated with a higher risk of future lung cancer.Significance: This large cohort study firmly establishes an association between an index of vitamin B6 levels with lung cancer risk. Cancer Res; 78(1); 302-8. ©2017 AACR.
24 citations
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TL;DR: The authors found that the oncologists were only minimally concerned about the possibility that psychosocial programs would interfere with their treatments, and they discussed implications for patient care such as responding to unmet needs and closing service gaps through increased communication.
Abstract: The authors investigated the beliefs of medical and radiation oncologists regarding psychosocial groups and their willingness to initiate referrals routinely to such groups. Sixteen of the 20 oncologists responsible for adult care in a geographically defined population of 1 million participated. The survey instrument queried the oncologists regarding the harm or benefit they expected from psychosocial groups and their views about appropriate intervention targets and tiring. Although harm to patients was not a major concem, the respondents did not anticipate much benefit either. Benefits were expected during cancer treatment and after existing therapies failed. More than half the oncologists selected depression, anxiety, anger, and compliance with medical treatment as appropriate focuses for psychosocial groups. The authors found that the oncologists were only minimally concerned about the possibility that psychosocial programs would interfere with their treatments. They discuss implications for patient care such as responding to unmet needs and closing service gaps through increased communication as well as directions for research such as the merits of an oncologists' randomization design
24 citations
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Imperial College London1, Maastricht University Medical Centre2, University of Ioannina3, International Agency for Research on Cancer4, Academy of Athens5, Harokopio University6, Institut Gustave Roussy7, University of Copenhagen8, German Cancer Research Center9, University of Potsdam10, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens11, Prevention Institute12, University of Turin13, University of Naples Federico II14, Utrecht University15, University of Tromsø16, University of Oviedo17, Lund University18, Umeå University19, University of Gothenburg20, Cancer Epidemiology Unit21, King's College London22
TL;DR: A positive association of alcohol consumption is confirmed and an inverse association of dietary fibre and possibly fruit intake with breast cancer risk is suggested, which is similar in magnitude and direction to that seen in the NLCS.
Abstract: Several dietary factors have been reported to be associated with risk of breast cancer, but to date, unequivocal evidence only exists for alcohol consumption. We sought to systematically assess the association between intake of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study. Using data from 272,098 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we assessed dietary intake of 92 foods and nutrients estimated by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food/nutrient and risk of breast cancer. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the set of foods and nutrients to be replicated in the independent Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Six foods and nutrients were identified as associated with risk of breast cancer in the EPIC study (10,979 cases). Higher intake of alcohol overall was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 SD increment in intake = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07), as was beer/cider intake and wine intake (HRs per 1 SD increment = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06, respectively), whereas higher intakes of fibre, apple/pear, and carbohydrates were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (HRs per 1 SD increment = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98; 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.99; and 0.96, 95% CI 0.95–0.98, respectively). When evaluated in the NLCS (2368 cases), estimates for each of these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction, with the exception of beer/cider intake, which was not associated with risk in the NLCS. Our findings confirm a positive association of alcohol consumption and suggest an inverse association of dietary fibre and possibly fruit intake with breast cancer risk.
24 citations
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TL;DR: This pooled analysis of individual UK women found no evidence of significant associations between breast cancer incidence and dietary or total vitamin C intake derived uniquely from detailed diary recordings.
Abstract: Vitamin C intake from diary recordings and risk of breast cancer in the UK Dietary Cohort Consortium
24 citations
Authors
Showing all 669 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Silvia Franceschi | 155 | 1340 | 112504 |
Timothy J. Key | 146 | 808 | 90810 |
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Alicja Wolk | 135 | 778 | 66239 |
Paolo Vineis | 134 | 1088 | 86608 |
Lars Klareskog | 131 | 697 | 63281 |
Eva Negri | 129 | 1010 | 66735 |
John A. Baron | 128 | 609 | 61182 |
Jack Cuzick | 128 | 754 | 79979 |
Anders Ekbom | 116 | 613 | 51430 |
C. La Vecchia | 115 | 817 | 53460 |
Valerie Beral | 114 | 471 | 53729 |
Carlo La Vecchia | 112 | 1265 | 56282 |