Cancer Epidemiology Unit

About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.

Trends in testicular cancer incidence in Vaud, Switzerland.

Abstract: Upward trends in testicular cancer incidence have been reported in Europe and North America, particularly for seminomas. We considered incidence data between 1974 and 1999 from the Swiss cancer registry of Vaud, i.e. one of the highest incidence areas on a worldwide scale, including a total of 731 cases. Testicular cancer incidence was around 8.5/100 000 between the mid-1970s and the late 1980s, and increased to around 10/100 000 in the 1990s. Corresponding figures at age 15-44 were around 16/100 000 between the mid-1970s and the late 1980s, and about 19/100 000 thereafter. No evidence of persisting upward trends was evident over the last few years. The rise in testicular cancer incidence in the 1990s was apparently restricted to seminomas, whose rates increased from about 4 to 5.7/100 000 at all ages, and from 7 to over 11/100 000 at age 15-44. No consistent pattern of trends was observed for malignant teratomas and for other and unspecified histotypes. Testicular cancer in Vaud has shown no tendency to further rising over the last decade, thus re-opening the issue of a probable asymptote of testicular cancer incidence in this population.

Clinical performance of lung ultrasound in predicting ARDS morphology

Abstract: To assess diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound (LUS) in identifying ARDS morphology (focal vs non-focal), compared with the gold standard computed tomography. Mechanically ventilated ARDS patients undergoing lung computed tomography and ultrasound were enrolled. Twelve fields, were evaluated. LUS score was graded from 0 (normal) to 3 (consolidation) according to B-lines extent. Total and regional LUS score as the sum of the four ventral (LUSV), intermediate (LUSI) or dorsal (LUSD) fields, were calculated. Based on lung CT, ARDS morphology was defined as (1) focal (loss of aeration with lobar distribution); (2) non-focal (widespread loss of aeration or segmental loss of aeration distribution associated with uneven lung attenuation areas), and diagnostic accuracy of LUS in discriminating ARDS morphology was determined by AU-ROC in training and validation set of patients. Forty-seven patients with ARDS (25 training set and 22 validation set) were enrolled. LUSTOT, LUSV and LUSI but not LUSD score were significantly lower in focal than in non-focal ARDS morphologies (p < .01). The AU-ROC curve of LUSTOT, LUSV, LUSI and LUSD for identification of non-focal ARDS morphology were 0.890, 0.958, 0.884 and 0.421, respectively. LUSV value ≥ 3 had the best predictive value (sensitivity = 0.95, specificity = 1.00) in identifying non-focal ARDS morphology. In the validation set, an LUSV score ≥ 3 confirmed to be highly predictive of non-focal ARDS morphology, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 94% and 100%. LUS had a valuable performance in distinguishing ARDS morphology.