Cancer Epidemiology Unit

About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.

Alcoholism and cancer risk: a population-based cohort study.

Abstract: The incidence of cancer was studied in a population-based cohort of 9,353 individuals (8,340 men and 1,013 women) with a discharge diagnosis of alcoholism in 1965-83, followed up for 19 years (mean 77) After exclusion of cancers in the first year of follow-up, 491 cancers were observed cf 3432 expected through 1984 (standardized incidence ratio [SIR] = 14, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 13-16) A similar excess risk of cancer was seen among men (SIR = 14, CI = 13-16) and among women (SIR = 15, CI = 11-20) We observed the established associations with cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx (SIR = 41, CI = 29-57), esophagus (SIR = 68, CI = 45-99), larynx (SIR = 33, CI = 17-60), and lung (SIR = 21, CI = 17-26), although confounding by smoking likely increased these risk estimates While there was evidence of increased risk for pancreatic cancer (SIR = 15, CI = 09-23), alcoholism did not elevate the incidence of cancer of the stomach (SIR = 09, CI = 6-14), large bowel (SIR = 11, CI = 08-15), prostate (SIR = 10, CI = 08-13), urinary bladder (SIR = 10, CI = 06-15), or of malignant melanoma (SIR = 09, CI = 03-19) Among women, the number of breast cancers observed was close to expected (SIR = 12, CI = 06-22), although a significant excess number of cervical cancers occurred (SIR = 42, CI = 15-91)(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Epidemiological evidence for an infective basis in childhood leukaemia

Abstract: An infective basis for childhood leukaemia is not a new suspicion (Kellett, 1937). The failure of microbiologists to identify any specific agent and of epidemiologists to demonstrate marked space-time clustering of the disease (Smith, 1982) have been discouraging, but neither is incompatible with an infectious origin. In several vertebrate species, the specific agents responsible for leukaemia belong to a class that is notoriously difficult to isolate. Also, many infectious illnesses do not cluster because they are uncommon responses to the relevant infection. Thus, the agent responsible for infectious mononucleosis is mainly spread not by those with the illness but by that very much larger number of infected individuals who are clinically unaffected (or only trivially so). Such infections can be considered as 'mainly immunising': they can be seen as representing the most probable broad category to which the infection underlying childhood leukaemia belongs.

The epidemiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: comparison of nodal and extra-nodal sites.

Abstract: International population-based cancer incidence data, coded according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (WHO, 1990), were used to describe geographical patterns of incidence of extra-nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Incidence data from the USA were also used to describe age and sex distribution of lymphomas at different extranodal sites. The percentage of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas coded as being of extra-nodal origin is between 25% and 35% in most countries, with the stomach, skin and small intestine being the most common extra-nodal sites. In general, the pattern of incidence rates for extra-nodal lymphomas tends to reflect that of other lymphomas. For example, the age incidence curve of each site-specific extra-nodal lymphoma is similar to that of nodal lymphomas, and in countries where total lymphoma incidence is high the incidence of lymphomas at each extra-nodal site also tends to be relatively high. Although specific factors are known to increase the risk of lymphomas at certain anatomical sites, these data suggest that the aetiology of extra-nodal lymphomas is not entirely independent from that of nodal lymphomas.

Mobile phone use and risk of brain neoplasms and other cancers: prospective study

Abstract: Background Results from some retrospective studies suggest a possible increased risk of glioma and acoustic neuroma in users of mobile phones. Methods The relation between mobile phone use and incidence of intracranial central nervous system (CNS) tumours and other cancers was examined in 791,710 middle-aged women in a UK prospective cohort, the Million Women Study. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Women reported mobile phone use in 1999 to 2005 and again in 2009. Results During 7 years' follow-up, 51,680 incident invasive cancers and 1,261 incident intracranial CNS tumours occurred. Risk among ever vs never users of mobile phones was not increased for all intracranial CNS tumours (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.90-1.14, P = 0.82), for specified CNS tumour types nor for cancer at 18 other specified sites. For long-term users compared with never users, there was no appreciable association for glioma (10+ years: RR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.55-1.10, P = 0.16) or meningioma (10+ years: RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.66-1.84, P = 0.71). For acoustic neuroma, there was an increase in risk with long term use vs never use (10+ years: RR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.07-5.64, P = 0.03), the risk increasing with duration of use (trend among users, P = 0.03). Conclusions In this large prospective study, mobile phone use was not associated with increased incidence of glioma, meningioma or non-CNS cancers.