Institution
Cancer Epidemiology Unit
About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Breast cancer, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Prospective cohort study
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: Among those irradiated patients, the ratio of observed to expected deaths for leukemia other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia was greatest in the period 1-5 years after the first treatment, and decreased to 1.87 in the 25+ year period.
Abstract: Leukemia mortality has been studied in 14,767 adult ankylosing spondylitis patients diagnosed between 1935 and 1957 in the United Kingdom, of whom 13,914 patients received X-ray treatment. By 1 January 1992, there were 60 leukemia deaths among the irradiated patients, almost treble that expected from national rates. Leukemia mortality was not increased among unirradiated patients. Among those irradiated, the ratio of observed to expected deaths for leukemia other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia was greatest in the period 1-5 years after the first treatment (ratio = 11.01, 95% confidence interval 5.26-20.98) and decreased to 1.87 (95% confidence interval 0.94-3.36) in the 25+ year period. There was no significant variation in this ratio with sex or age at first treatment. The ratio for chronic lymphocytic leukemia was slightly but not significantly raised (ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval 0.62-2.79). Most irradiated patients received all their exposure within a year. Based on a 1 in 15 random sample, the mean total marrow dose was 4.38 Gy. Doses were nonuniform, with heaviest doses to the lower spine. The risk for nonchronic lymphocytic leukemia was adequately described by a linear-exponential model that allowed for cell sterilization in heavily exposed parts of the marrow and time since exposure. Ten years after first exposure, the linear component of excess relative risk was 12.37 per Gy (95% confidence interval 2.25-52.07), and it was estimated that cell sterilization reduced the excess relative risk by 47% at 1 Gy (95% confidence interval 17%-79%). The average predicted relative risk in the period 1-25 years after exposure to a uniform dose of 1 Gy was 7.00.
103 citations
••
TL;DR: The results suggest that the LCT and TAS2R38 variants are good candidates for Mendelian randomization studies of cancer and other health outcomes.
Abstract: Consumption of dairy products seems to increase the risk of cancer at several sites, while intake of cruciferous vegetables could have protective effects. However, these dietary intakes are subject to measurement error, and associations with cancer could be due to confounders. Mendelian randomization has been suggested as a way to overcome confounding by exploiting the random allocation of alleles from parents to offspring. In mid-2006, the authors conducted a study of allele frequencies for the lactase (LCT) and taste receptor, type 2, member 38 (TAS2R38) genes, including 634 volunteers recruited (1992-1998) from the Italian branch of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. The authors hypothesized that there would be a lower milk intake among carriers of the LCT CC genotype and a different intake of cruciferous vegetables among carriers of the TAS2R38 variant. Overall, the frequency of the LCT T allele was higher in northern Italy than in southern Italy. Food intake was associated with gene variants. An association was evident for ice cream and LCT variants (p = 0.004); less so for milk intake. In addition, the TAS2R38 variant showed a geographic gradient and an association with cruciferous vegetable intake. These results suggest that the LCT and TAS2R38 variants are good candidates for Mendelian randomization studies of cancer and other health outcomes.
102 citations
••
German Cancer Research Center1, Autonomous University of Barcelona2, Karolinska Institutet3, University of Tromsø4, Prevention Institute5, University of Cambridge6, Aarhus University7, French Institute of Health and Medical Research8, University of Paris-Sud9, Institut Gustave Roussy10, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens11, Harvard University12, University of Turin13, Cancer Epidemiology Unit14, University of Naples Federico II15, Utrecht University16, Imperial College London17, University of Granada18, University of Murcia19, Lund University20, Umeå University21, International Agency for Research on Cancer22
TL;DR: The results suggest that several hormonal factors are risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis and adherence to current cervical cancer screening guidelines should minimize the increased risk of CC associated with these hormonal risk factors.
Abstract: Background: In addition to HPV, high parity and hormonal contraceptives have been associated with cervical cancer (CC). However, most of the evidence comes from retrospective case-control studies. ...
102 citations
••
TL;DR: The distribution of age at orchidopexy (or orchidectomy) of the 58 patients treated for undescended testis was almost identical to that expected on the basis of national rates, and the age at treatment of undescending testis appears to have no effect on the risk of testicular cancer.
102 citations
••
TL;DR: In this British population, the risk of some cancers is lower in fish eaters and vegetarians than in meat eaters.
101 citations
Authors
Showing all 669 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Kay-Tee Khaw | 174 | 1389 | 138782 |
Silvia Franceschi | 155 | 1340 | 112504 |
Timothy J. Key | 146 | 808 | 90810 |
Hans-Olov Adami | 145 | 908 | 83473 |
Alicja Wolk | 135 | 778 | 66239 |
Paolo Vineis | 134 | 1088 | 86608 |
Lars Klareskog | 131 | 697 | 63281 |
Eva Negri | 129 | 1010 | 66735 |
John A. Baron | 128 | 609 | 61182 |
Jack Cuzick | 128 | 754 | 79979 |
Anders Ekbom | 116 | 613 | 51430 |
C. La Vecchia | 115 | 817 | 53460 |
Valerie Beral | 114 | 471 | 53729 |
Carlo La Vecchia | 112 | 1265 | 56282 |