Showing papers by "Carleton University published in 1983"
TL;DR: In this article, the personal project is proposed as a new unit of analysis for the study of personality in its social, physical and temporal context, and a sequential model of personal projects is proposed in which th...
Abstract: The personal project is proposed as a new unit of analysis for the study of personality in its social, physical and temporal context. A sequential model of personal projects is proposed in which th...
848 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the dynamics and fluctuations in the critical situation for a simple model exhibiting bistable macroscopic behavior, and established that these fluctuations are non-Gaussian and occur at a time scale slower than the noncritical fluctuations.
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to examine in some detail the dynamics and fluctuations in the critical situation for a simple model exhibiting bistable macroscopic behavior. The model under consideration is a dynamic model of a collection of anharmonic oscillators in a two-well potential together with an attractive mean-field interaction. The system is studied in the limit as the number of oscillators goes to infinity. The limit is described by a nonlinear partial differential equation and the existence of a phase transition for this limiting system is established. The main result deals with the fluctuations at the critical point in the limit as the number of oscillators goes to infinity. It is established that these fluctuations are non-Gaussian and occur at a time scale slower than the noncritical fluctuations. The method used is based on the perturbation theory for Markov processes developed by Papanicolaou, Stroock, and Varadhan adapted to the context of probability-measure-valued processes.
349 citations
TL;DR: The substantive results give support to the motivating potential of initiated task interdependence, however, the results do not support the hypotheses associated with received task Interdependence.
322 citations
TL;DR: Subjects who “passed” suggestions by objective criteria frequently rated their responses as primarily voluntary rather than involuntary, and implications for the measurement of hypnotic susceptibility are discussed.
Abstract: A normative sample of 400 subjects was administered the Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale (CURSS) in small groups. The Carleton scale yields three suggestibility scores for each subject; objective (CURSS:O) scores reflect overt response to suggestion, subjective (CURSS:S) scores reflect experiential response to suggestion, and objective-involuntariness (CURSS:OI) scores reflect the extent to which objectively “passed” responses were experienced as occurring involuntarily. Guttman scale analyses and factor analyses indicate that each dimension is primarily unidimensional and cumulative. CURSS:O scores had a bell-shaped distribution while CURSS:OI scores were much more strongly skewed toward the low suggestibility end of the distribution. Subjects who “passed” suggestions by objective criteria frequently rated their responses as primarily voluntary rather than involuntary. Implications of these findings for the measurement of hypnotic susceptibility are discussed.
221 citations
TL;DR: Rates of responding for intracranial self-stimulation from the medial forebrain bundle, nucleus accumbens and substantia nigra were evaluated in mice that had been exposed to either escapable shock, yoked inescapable shock or no shock treatment.
167 citations
TL;DR: Sulpiride, metoclopramide and thioridazine produced a dose-dependent increase in cocaine intake similar to that found for chlorpromazine, haloperidol, pimozide and flupenthixol; Clozapine, however, produced adose-dependent decrease in cocaine Intake.
Abstract: Several drugs have been shown to exert antipsychotic effects, yet they display an atypical profile with respect to standard neuroleptic drug screens. Low doses of traditional neuroleptics are known to increase self-administration of psychomotor stimulants; we sought to determine whether these atypical drugs would cause a comparable effect. Sulpiride, metoclopramide and thioridazine produced a dose-dependent increase in cocaine intake similar to that found for chlorpromazine, haloperidol, pimozide and flupenthixol. This effect was found to correlate (r=0.94) with daily clinical dose. Clozapine, however, produced a dose-dependent decrease in cocaine intake. The advantages and disadvantages of using this measure as a screening procedure for neuroleptic drugs are discussed.
151 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect on national welfare of an endogenously determined inflow of foreign capital, in the context of a well-known model with sector-specific inputs, both for the case of unrestricted international trade and investment and in the presence of a tariff.
142 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general model for quick clay development is presented, based on the influences of various material properties and natural processes on the sensitivity and remoulded strength, and the influences are separated according to depositional requirements and post-depositional factors and according to whether the influence is to increase the undisturbed strength or to decrease the strength.
Abstract: Within the clear definition of a quick clay as being a soil which has a sensitivity greater than 30 and a remoulded strength less than 0.5 kPa, a general model for quick clay development is presented, based on the influences of various material properties and natural processes on the sensitivity and remoulded strength. The influences are separated according to depositional requirements and post-depositional factors and according to whether the influence is to increase the undisturbed strength or to decrease the remoulded strength. Depositional factors are the requirements for a flocculated structure and the dominance of low activity minerals. Post-depositional factors are cementation and slow load increase, which increase the undisturbed strength, and little consolidation, leaching and dispersants, which decrease the remoulded strength. The application of the model to marine, brackish water and freshwater sediments is discussed.
112 citations
01 Dec 1983-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: Abrupt temperature change was used to study the metabolic events associated with cryoprotectant polyol synthesis and the reversibility of polyol accumulations in the overwintering, freezing tolerant larvae of the gall fly,Eurosta solidaginis.
Abstract: Abrupt temperature change, from 23 to 13 °C, 13 to 3 °C or vice versa, was used to study the metabolic events associated with cryoprotectant polyol synthesis and the reversibility of polyol accumulations in the overwintering, freezing tolerant larvae of the gall fly,Eurosta solidaginis. Sorbitol synthesis was induced when larvae acclimated to 13 °C were abruptly moved to 3 °C. A precursor-product relationship between glucose-6-P, glucose and sorbitol was apparent with elevated levels of the compounds in the larvae first detected after 1, 2 and 24 h at 3 °C, respectively. A negative cross-over (increase in fructose-6-P, decrease in fructose-1,6-P2 levels) at phosphofructokinase at 3 °C demonstrated that inhibition at this locus was responsible for the diversion of carbon flow into sorbitol synthesis. Glycerol synthesis was stimulated when larvae acclimated to 23 °C were chilled to 13 °C, with increased glycerol levels first apparent after 2 days at 13 °C. Synthesis was accomplished via an activation of glycogenolysis coupled with a facilitation of flux through the phosphofructokinase locus and an inhibition (negative cross-over) of flux at the pyruvate kinase reaction resulting in a diversion of triose phosphates into the pathway of glycerol synthesis. Warming of the larvae resulted in a rapid catabolism of sorbitol, with a restoration of glycogen reserves, when larvae were switched from 3 to 13 °C. Glycerol content of the larvae, however, did not respond to warming and remained constant when larvae were moved from 13 to 23 °C. The two cyoprotectants appear to have different roles in the overwintering larvae. Glycerol, once synthesized, provides a constant and permanent cryoprotection throughout the winter. Accumulation of this polyol also appears to be anticipatory occurring in response to chilling at relatively high temperatures, well above those at which cryoprotection is needed. Sorbitol, however, is produced only in direct response to cold when freezing temperatures are imminent. Sorbitol provides a variable cryoprotection, levels of the polyol responding to increases or decreases in ambient temperature.
111 citations
TL;DR: Like the Harvard:A and Stanford:C the three Carleton suggestibility dimensions also correlated significantly with attitude/expectancy measures, absorption, and Field's (1965) “hypnotic experiences” inventory, and theoretical implications are discussed.
Abstract: The Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale (CURSS) yields scores on three suggestibility dimensions. Objective (CURSS:0) scores and subjective (CURSS:S) scores reflect overt and experiential response to suggestion, respectively. Objective-Involuntariness (CURSS:OI) scores indicate the number of objective responses rated as feeling involuntary. Study 1 indicated that all three suggestibility dimensions correlated significantly with the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, and Study 2 showed the three Catleton suggestibility dimensions correlated significantly with Form C of the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. The majority of subjects who obtained high scores on the Stanford:C also scored high on the Carleton suggestibility dimensions. Like the Harvard:A and Stanford:C the three Carleton suggestibility dimensions also correlated significantly with attitude/expectancy measures, absorption, and Field's (1965) “hypnotic experiences” inventory. CURSS:VC (voluntary-cooperation)...
99 citations
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: In this paper, a hypothesis of origin is suggested wherein the platinum-group minerals and silicates are trapped as discrete, crystalline euhedral phases and silicate liquid during the precipitation of chromite.
Abstract: Platinum-group mineral, silicate and other solid and fluid inclusions occur in disseminated and massive chromite in a variety of lithologies from ophiolitic and other mafic-ultramafic complex-types. The inclusions are small (<250 microns) and randomly distributed throughout their host. Silicate inclusions are modally more abundant than the other inclusion types. Platinum-group mineral phases are ruthenium-rich sulphides and PGE alloys are osmium-rich. Mafic silicates (olivine, pyroxenes, pargasitic-amphiboles, micas) are magnesium-, titanium-, and alkali-rich and felsic silicates are sodium-rich (albite, nepheline). The intimate association of these inclusions with chromite suggests that their origin must be considered within a chromite crystallization model. A hypothesis of origin is suggested wherein the platinum-group minerals and silicates are trapped as discrete, crystalline euhedral phases and silicate liquid during the precipitation of chromite. The similarity of physical characteristics, modal mineralogy and chemical compositions indicates that this model may be applicable to all mafic-ultramafic complex-types.
TL;DR: In this paper, teacher-judgment measures of pupil behaviors, aptitudes, and achievement levels are discussed, with a discussion of the applied and research contexts in which these measures are relevant.
Abstract: The paper addresses teacher-judgment measures of pupil behaviors, aptitudes, and achievement levels, beginning with a discussion of the applied and research contexts in which these measures are relevant. Analyses relating to the reliability and validity of the measures are reviewed, with the analyses drawn from a variety of literatures. The paper sets forth conclusions regarding the psychometric properties of these judgment measures, suggestions regarding future research on the measures, and statements about the place of these measures within the larger teacher-judgment literature.
TL;DR: Silicified andesitic flows, divided into two alteration facies; mottled (epidote-quartz altered) andesite and silicified, were contemporaneous with volcanism.
Abstract: Silicified andesitic flows, divided into two alteration facies; mottled (epidote-quartz altered) andesite and silicified andesite. Silicification was contemporaneous with volcanism. Silicified andesites of the Amulet Rhyolite are products of extensive regional alteration and present a larger exploration target for massive sulfide deposits than does proximal chloritic and sericitic alteration beneath orebodies.--Modified journal abstract.
TL;DR: It is concluded that an important event in lymphocyte activation is extensive synthesis of stable proteinaceous interchromatinic matrix which may be involved in chromatin remodeling and DNA replication and/or transcription.
TL;DR: The Shuswap terrane of the northwest Cordillera owes its distinctive characteristics to deformation and high-grade regional metamorphism that occurred primarily during the Mesozoic as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Shuswap terrane of the northwest Cordillera owes its distinctive characteristics to deformation and high-grade regional metamorphism that occurred primarily during the Mesozoic. Within the terrane, the Monashee Complex, the overlying Selkirk allochthon, and the intervening Monashee decollement record strain and metamorphism that occurred in Middle to Late Jurassic time, during and subsequent to the accretion of a western allochthonous terrane. The Selkirk allochthon moved eastward across the Monashee Complex after emplacement of the western allochthonous terrane but before late Mesozoic to early Cenozoic telescoping of the Rocky Mountain Belt. In this latter event, the Monashee Complex and overlying allochthonous slices were transported eastward relative to the North American craton on a sole fault that developed during listric thrusting of the Rocky Mountain foreland. Synmetamorphic to late-metamorphic elongation lineations and associated fabrics of the mylonitic rocks of the Monashee decollement zone were generated by shear strain during the Middle Jurassic emplacement of the Selkirk allochthon and are not related to any upper crustal extension that occurred in the Tertiary. Uplift, normal faulting, brittle reactivation of the mylonitic decollement zone, widespread resetting of K-Ar and Rb-Sr mineral dates, and arching of the terrane are events that culminated in the Eocene.
TL;DR: Only traces of glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase activity could be detected in pea leaf or root extracts; activity was not enhanced by sulfhydryl reagents, oxidizing conditions, or protease inhibitors.
Abstract: Asparagine is present in the mature leaves of young pea (Pisum sativum cv Little Marvel) seedlings, and is synthesized in detached shoots. This accumulation and synthesis is greatly enhanced by darkening. In detached control shoots, [(14)C]aspartate was metabolized predominantly to organic acids and, as other workers have shown, there was little labeling of asparagine (after 5 hours, 3.1% of metabolized label). Addition of the aminotransferase inhibitor aminooxyacetate decreased the flow of aspartate carbon to organic acids and enhanced (about 3-fold) the labeling of asparagine. The same treatment applied to darkened shoots resulted in a substantial conversion of [(14)C]aspartate to asparagine, over 10-fold greater than in control shoots (66% of metabolized label), suggesting that aspartate is the normal precursor of asparagine.Only traces of glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase activity could be detected in pea leaf or root extracts; activity was not enhanced by sulfhydryl reagents, oxidizing conditions, or protease inhibitors. Asparagine synthetase is readily extracted from lupin cotyledons, but yield was greatly reduced by extraction in the presence of pea leaf tissue; pea leaf homogenates contained an inhibitor which produced over 95% inhibition of an asparagine synthetase preparation from lupin cotyledons. The inhibitor was heat stable, with a low molecular weight. Presence of an inhibitor may prevent detection of asparagine synthetase in pea extracts and in Asparagus, where a cyanide-dependent pathway has been proposed to account for asparagine synthesis: an inhibitor with similar properties was present in Asparagus shoot tissue.
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical rethinking of simple commodity production is proposed, which avoids two extreme notions of capitalism: one which readily embraces all relations of production found in the pervasive world system, and another which produces a rigidly eroded model to which everything else is externally articulated.
Abstract: This essay offers a theoretical rethinking of simple commodity production that avoids two extreme notions of capitalism: one which readily embraces all relations of production found in the pervasive world system, and another which produces a rigidly eroded model to which everything else is externally articulated. It is argued that some specific forms of SCP can be treated as variations of capitalism integral to its polymorphous logic, and therefore as subjected, under determinate conditions, to a flexibly defined process of labour's subordination (formal and real) to capital. Self‐employed labour is also re‐examined in the light of (a) the basic exigencies of capital accumulation, (b) the contradictions inherent to capitalism, especially those pertaining to the confrontation between intraverted and extroverted economies, and (c) the active struggle of all working classes against their total dispossession from commodified wealth.
TL;DR: Neither expectancies nor “hypnotic experiences” correlated significantly with the number of “passed” responses rated as primarily voluntary (CURSS: VC, i.e., Voluntary Cooperation scores), which indicates that many subjects who “ passed” suggestions in terms of overt response, rated their responses as primarilyuntary rather than involuntary.
Abstract: The Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale was administered twice to 152 subjects in small groups. The interval between testings ranged from 2 wk. to 3 mo. The three suggestibility ...
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive analytic model describing current flow in the MIS tunnel junction under steady-state conditions is developed, where the tunnel junction is viewed as imposing boundary conditions on the usual set of differential equations governing the electrostatic potential and carrier distributions within the semiconductor.
Abstract: A comprehensive analytic model describing current flow in the MIS tunnel junction under steady-state conditions is developed. The tunnel junction is viewed as imposing boundary conditions on the usual set of differential equations governing the electrostatic potential and carrier distributions within the semiconductor. These equations are then solved using the approximation techniques applied in conventional p-n junction theory. Full Fermi-Dirac statistics are used where necessary in the model, and surface states are treated using a Shockley-Read-Hall approach. In computing the band-to-metal tunnel currents, it is assumed that each valley in the conduction band and peak in the valence band can be assigned a single tunneling probability factor describing all transitions between that valley or peak and the metal. On making the above approximations, it is found that the state of the junction is described by two coupled nonlinear algebraic equations, which can be solved by routine iterative techniques. The model is applied to generate current-voltage characteristics for a minority-carrier AI-SiO x - pSi diode, operated both in the dark and as a solar cell, and for a negative barrier AI-SiO x -nSi contact exhibiting photocurrent multiplication. The results obtained are in good agreement with those predicted by more precise numerical methods.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a set of thermodynamic modeles thermodynamiques for turbine a gaz soumis a essais and ont montre un bon accord avec l'experience des utilisateurs, so as to ameliorer la connaissance de certains problemes de fonctionnement.
Abstract: Des modeles thermodynamiques destines a etre utilises comme outils de diagnostic pour les turbines a gaz soumis a une deterioration causee par l'encrassement du compresseur, un dommage du a un objet etranger, ou un dommage a la turbine. Des modeles relatifs a divers types de turbine a gaz couramment utilises ont ete soumis a essais et ont montre un bon accord avec l'experience des utilisateurs. Ces modeles sont tres souples et peuvent etre utilises soit pour des problemes specifiques, soit pour ameliorer la connaissance de certains problemes de fonctionnement
TL;DR: It is concluded that forebrain norepinephrine plays a permissive role in the neuroanatomical, neurochemical and behavioral alterations induced by the enriched rearing of weanling rats and that it is essential to at least some aspects of the shaping of the brain by experiential factors.
TL;DR: In this article, a new equation composed of two exponential functions is proposed to describe the shear stress-displacement curve that displays a "hump" of maximum shear stresses and then decreases with the increase of shear displacement to a constant value of residual stress.
TL;DR: In this article, a number of recent measures of total factor productivity are shown to be variants of the Harrodian approach, and certain problems of aggregation associated with the Hicksian measures are resolved by the HarRodian measures.
Abstract: “As compared with Hicksian, Harrodian measures of the concept of total factor productivity which rigorously take into account the reproducibility of commodity capital inputs and the technological interdependence of modern production economies are advocated. A number of recent measures of total factor productivity are shown to be variants of the Harrodian approach, and certain problems of aggregation associated with the Hicksian measures are shown to be resolved by the Harrodian measures. An examination of the concepts of technical progress and vertically integrated sectors advanced by Professor Luigi L. Pasinetti and their relation to the Harrodian measures of total factor productivity is made.”
TL;DR: The enzyme responsible for the transamination of L-asparagine in pea leaves has been partially purified and appears to be the same protein as the serine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, able to use serine or asparagine as amino donors and pyruvate or glyoxylates as amino acceptors.
TL;DR: A decomposition theory for submodular functions is described, and any such function is shown to have a unique decomposition consisting of indecomposable functions and certain highly decomposability functions, and the latter are completely characterized.
Abstract: A decomposition theory for submodular functions is described. Any such function is shown to have a unique decomposition consisting of indecomposable functions and certain highly decomposable functions, and the latter are completely characterized. Applications include decompositions of hypergraphs based on edge and vertex connectivity, the decomposition of matroids based on three-connectivity, the Gomory—Hu decomposition of flow networks, and Fujishige’s decomposition of symmetric submodular functions. Efficient decomposition algorithms are also discussed.
01 Dec 1983-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: The frog-eating bat, Trachops cirrhosus (Phyllostomatidae), locates frogs by using the frogs' vocalizations and shows a behavioral response to constant frequencies in the sonic range, which is consistent with audiograms of other bats that have been tested in this frequency range.
Abstract: The frog-eating bat,Trachops cirrhosus (Phyllostomatidae), locates frogs by using the frogs' vocalizations and shows a behavioral response to constant frequencies in the sonic range. The minimum intensity needed to elicit a behavioral response to a constant frequency (i.e. threshold intensity) increased as the frequency decreased from 15 kHz to 5 kHz. This is consistent with audiograms of other bats that have been tested in the sonic range. However, the threshold ofT. cirrhosus decreases with frequencies below 5 kHz, which is unusual among bats so far tested in this frequency range. This decreased threshold coincides with the frequencies which characterize frog calls that the bats use to locate their prey.
TL;DR: A Monte Carlo procedure is used to derive simple models which describe some of the characteristics of the spatial arrangement of individual Voronoi polygons within a tesselation.
TL;DR: In this article, the second-best commercial policy for an open economy, within the two-commodity two-factor model of a two-country world, was investigated, where the first-best strategy is known to require taxes (subsidies) on both international trade in commodities and foreign investment via capital movements.
TL;DR: Based on the first extensive application of network sampling, some of the problems that may often arise in sampling and reaching respondents are reported and strategies for coping with each of these problems are suggested.