Carleton University

About: Carleton University is a education organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 15852 authors who have published 39650 publications receiving 1106610 citations.

A Case Study of Cooperative Learning and Communication Pedagogy: Does Working in Teams Make a Difference?

Abstract: Cooperative learning has increasingly become a popular form of active pedagogy employed in academic institutions. This case study explores the relationship between cooperative learning and academic performance in higher education, specifically in the field of communication. Findings from a questionnaire administered to undergraduate students in a communication research course indicate that involvement in cooperative learning is a strong predictor of a student's academic performance. A significant positive relationship was found between the degree to which grades are important to a student and his or her active participation in cooperative learning. Further, the importance of grades and sense of achievement are strong predictors of performance on readiness assessment tests.

Crustal thickening leading to exhumation of the Himalayan Metamorphic core of central Nepal: Insight from U‐Pb Geochronology and 40Ar/39Ar Thermochronology

Abstract: New and published U-Pb geochronology and 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology from footwall and hanging wall rocks of a segment of the South Tibetan detachment system exposed in the Annapurna area of central Nepal Himalaya bring additional constraints on the timing of metamorphism, crustal thickening, and normal faulting resulting in exhumation of the Himalayan metamorphic core. Early Oligocene crustal thickening led to Eohimalayan kyanite-grade metamorphism between 35 Ma and 32 Ma. The resulting thermal event affected the Early Ordovician augen gneiss (Formation III) and produced kyanite-bearing leucosomes in the upper part of the metamorphic core. This event is linked with underthrusting of the Greater Himalayan metamorphic sequence below the Tethyan sedimentary sequence and the growth of an Oligocene fan structure that has thickened the Tethyan sedimentary sequence to 25 km, thus provoking kyanite-grade melting at deeper structural levels. Early Paleozoic monazite and zircon populations indicate that part of the metamorphism affecting the Himalayan metamorphic core could be pre-Cenozoic. Regional correlations indicate that the Annapurna detachment was active during early Miocene time. A weakly deformed leucogranitic dike intruding into the immediate hanging wall yielded reversely discordant monazite ages between 23 and 22.5 Ma, which suggest that the ductile strain in the Annapurna detachment zone terminated at ca. 22 Ma. On the basis of a 40Ar/39Ar muscovite age, renewed southwest verging deformation (D4) is interpreted to occur at ca. 18 Ma. Rapid exhumation resulting from extensional faulting cooled the entire metamorphic core through the muscovite Ar closure temperature (330°–430°C) between 15 and 13 Ma. Muscovites from the immediate hanging wall of the Annapurna detachment yielded slightly younger ages, between 13 and 11 Ma, testifying to late hydrothermal activity in the Annapurna detachment zone that could be linked with the initiation of brittle faulting associated with the late Neogene Thakkhola graben system.

Cultural Safety Exploring the Applicability of the Concept of Cultural Safety to Aboriginal Health and Community Wellness

Abstract: The goal of the research paper is to explore both the concept of cultural safety and its practical implications for policies and programs designed to improve the health of Aboriginal people and the wellness of Aboriginal communities. The paper demonstrates the concept of cultural safety can shift from a being a tool to deliver health care services to individuals to a new and wider role. The concept of cultural safety can have a significant impact the way policy and services are developed at an institutional level in fields such as health, education, the courts, universities, and governance (both First Nations and other types of government). Four case studies at the end of the research paper show how cultural safety has helped communities at risk and in crisis engage in healing that led to lasting change. The research paper, defines cultural safety and how it differs from cultural competence or trans-cultural training and practices; shows why it’s important to move from the concept of cultural safety to the outcome of cultural safety, namely the success of an interaction; explores the idea of a shift from cultural safety for individuals to cultural safety at institutional and policy levels; and provides recommendations in five areas.

Tracking animals in freshwater with electronic tags: past, present and future

Abstract: Considerable technical developments over the past half century have enabled widespread application of electronic tags to the study of animals in the wild, including in freshwater environments. We review the constraints associated with freshwater telemetry and biologging and the technical developments relevant to their use. Technical constraints for tracking animals are often influenced by the characteristics of the animals being studied and the environment they inhabit. Collectively, they influence which and how technologies can be used and their relative effectiveness. Although radio telemetry has historically been the most commonly used technology in freshwater, passive integrated transponder (PIT) technology, acoustic telemetry and biologgers are becoming more popular. Most telemetry studies have focused on fish, although an increasing number have focused on other taxa, such as turtles, crustaceans and molluscs. Key technical developments for freshwater systems include: miniaturization of tags for tracking small-size life stages and species, fixed stations and coded tags for tracking large samples of animals over long distances and large temporal scales, inexpensive PIT systems that enable mass tagging to yield population- and community-level relevant sample sizes, incorporation of sensors into electronic tags, validation of tag attachment procedures with a focus on maintaining animal welfare, incorporation of different techniques (for example, genetics, stable isotopes) and peripheral technologies (for example, geographic information systems, hydroacoustics), development of novel analytical techniques, and extensive international collaboration. Innovations are still needed in tag miniaturization, data analysis and visualization, and in tracking animals over larger spatial scales (for example, pelagic areas of lakes) and in challenging environments (for example, large dynamic floodplain systems, under ice). There seems to be a particular need for adapting various global positioning system and satellite tagging approaches to freshwater. Electronic tagging provides a mechanism to collect detailed information from imperilled animals and species that have no direct economic value. Current and future advances will continue to improve our knowledge of the natural history of aquatic animals and ecological processes in freshwater ecosystems while facilitating evidence-based resource management and conservation.