Carleton University

About: Carleton University is a education organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 15852 authors who have published 39650 publications receiving 1106610 citations.

The Third Debate: On the Prospects of International Theory in a Post-Positivist Era

Abstract: The demise of the empiricist-positivist promise for a cumulative behavioral science recently has forced scholars from nearly all the social disciplines to reexamine the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations of their scientific endeavors. The “third debate” in the field of international relations parallels this intellectual ferment and constitutes a still maturing disciplinary effort to reconsider theoretical options in a “post-positivist” era. This essay explores the etiology of this debate and critically assesses its implications for current and future theoretical practices. Although the debate has triggered many different responses, the analysis focuses on only one of them—the optimistic response—which both affirms and celebrates the unparalleled theoretical potentialities presumably created by the present intellectual transition. While acknowledging the considerable promise of the third debate, the essay notes that post-positivism offers nearly as many dead ends as it opens promising paths for future research. The essay issues some warnings concerning hazards of misplaced or extravagant theoretical hopes, and it singles out enhanced reflexivity in the scholarly community of international relations as the notable contribution to date of the current theoretical restructuring.

Pathways to mathematics: longitudinal predictors of performance.

Abstract: A model of the relations among cognitive precursors, early numeracy skill, and mathematical outcomes was tested for 182 children from 4.5 to 7.5 years of age. The model integrates research from neuroimaging, clinical populations, and normal development in children and adults. It includes 3 precursor pathways: quantitative, linguistic, and spatial attention. These pathways (a) contributed independently to early numeracy skills during preschool and kindergarten and (b) related differentially to performance on a variety of mathematical outcomes 2 years later. The success of the model in accounting for performance highlights the need to understand the fundamental underlying skills that contribute to diverse forms of mathematical competence.

The relationship between nature connectedness and happiness: a meta-analysis

Abstract: Research suggests that contact with nature can be beneficial, for example leading to improvements in mood, cognition, and health. A distinct but related idea is the personality construct of subjective nature connectedness, a stable individual difference in cognitive, affective, and experiential connection with the natural environment. Subjective nature connectedness is a strong predictor of pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours that may also be positively associated with subjective well-being. This meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between nature connectedness and happiness. Based on 30 samples (n = 8,523), a fixed-effect meta-analysis found a small but significant effect size (r = .19). Those who are more connected to nature tended to experience more positive affect, vitality, and life satisfaction compared to those less connected to nature. Publication status, year, average age, and percentage of females in the sample were not significant moderators. Vitality had the strongest relationship with nature connectedness (r = .24), followed by positive affect (r = .22) and life satisfaction (r = .17). In terms of specific nature connectedness measures, associations were the strongest between happiness and inclusion of nature in self (r = .27), compared to nature relatedness (r = .18) and connectedness to nature (r = .18). This research highlights the importance of considering personality when examining the psychological benefits of nature. The results suggest that closer human-nature relationships do not have to come at the expense of happiness. Rather, this meta-analysis shows that being connected to nature and feeling happy are, in fact, connected.

Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Wireless Cellular Networks With Mobile Edge Computing

Abstract: Mobile edge computing has risen as a promising technology for augmenting the computational capabilities of mobile devices Meanwhile, in-network caching has become a natural trend of the solution of handling exponentially increasing Internet traffic The important issues in these two networking paradigms are computation offloading and content caching strategies, respectively In order to jointly tackle these issues in wireless cellular networks with mobile edge computing, we formulate the computation offloading decision, resource allocation and content caching strategy as an optimization problem, considering the total revenue of the network Furthermore, we transform the original problem into a convex problem and then decompose it in order to solve it in a distributed and efficient way Finally, with recent advances in distributed convex optimization, we develop an alternating direction method of multipliers-based algorithm to solve the optimization problem The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by simulation results with different system parameters