Carleton University

About: Carleton University is a education organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 15852 authors who have published 39650 publications receiving 1106610 citations.

Social Entrepreneurship: Definition and Boundaries

Abstract: Most economists and academics support the notion that entrepreneurship is becoming a crucial factor in the development and well-being of societies. Whether the entrepreneurial activities are practiced in factordriven, efficiency-driven, or innovation-driven economies (Porter et al., 2002; tinyurl.com/7vwutgr), the ultimate results continue to exhibit: i) lower unemployment rates; ii) increased tendency to adopt innovation; and iii) accelerated structural changes in the economy. Entrepreneurship offers new competition, and as such promotes improved productivity and healthy economic competitiveness (UNCTAD, 2004; tinyurl.com/d3xkdj4).

The western painted turtle genome, a model for the evolution of extreme physiological adaptations in a slowly evolving lineage

Abstract: Background: We describe the genome of the western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta bellii, one of the most widespread, abundant, and well-studied turtles. We place the genome into a comparative evolutionary context, and focus on genomic features associated with tooth loss, immune function, longevity, sex differentiation and determination, and the species’ physiological capacities to withstand extreme anoxia and tissue freezing. Results: Our phylogenetic analyses confirm that turtles are the sister group to living archosaurs, and demonstrate an extraordinarily slow rate of sequence evolution in the painted turtle. The ability of the painted turtle to withstand complete anoxia and partial freezing appears to be associated with common vertebrate gene networks, and we identify candidate genes for future functional analyses. Tooth loss shares a common pattern of pseudogenization and degradation of tooth-specific genes with birds, although the rate of accumulation of mutations is much slower in the painted turtle. Genes associated with sex differentiation generally reflect phylogeny rather than convergence in sex determination functionality. Among gene families that demonstrate exceptional expansions or show signatures of strong natural selection, immune function and musculoskeletal patterning genes are consistently over-represented. Conclusions: Our comparative genomic analyses indicate that common vertebrate regulatory networks, some of which have analogs in human diseases, are often involved in the western painted turtle’s extraordinary physiological capacities. As these regulatory pathways are analyzed at the functional level, the painted turtle may offer important insights into the management of a number of human health disorders.

The stochastic rendezvous network model for performance of synchronous client-server-like distributed software

Abstract: Distributed or parallel software with synchronous communication via rendezvous is found in client-server systems and in proposed open distributed systems, in implementation environments such as Ada, V, remote procedure call systems, in transputer systems, and in specification techniques such as CSP, CCS and LOTOS The delays induced by rendezvous can cause serious performance problems, which are not easy to estimate using conventional models which focus on hardware contention, or on a restricted view of the parallelism which ignores implementation constraints Stochastic rendezvous networks are queueing networks of a new type which have been proposed as a modelling framework for these systems They incorporate the two key phenomena of included service and a second phase of service This paper extends the model to also incorporate different services or entries associated with each task Approximations to arrival-instant probabilities are employed with a mean-value analysis framework, to give approximate performance estimates The method has been applied to moderately large industrial software systems >