scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Carnegie Mellon University

EducationPittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
About: Carnegie Mellon University is a education organization based out in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Robot. The organization has 36317 authors who have published 104359 publications receiving 5975734 citations. The organization is also known as: CMU & Carnegie Mellon.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A striking and unexpected result was that "first" advocacy was shared by high-and low-status members in discussions using electronic mail, which resulted in increased equality of influence across status and expertise.
Abstract: New computer-based communications technologies make possible new or expanded forms of group work. Although earlier researchers suggest that scant social information in these technologies might cause status equalization in groups, no experimental test of this phenomenon has been made. In a laboratory experiment, we compared face-to-face communication with electronic mail in decision-making groups whose members differed in social status. We examined status in two ways: by varying the external status of group members, and by varying the decision task to manipulate expertise. When the groups made decisions in face-to-face meetings, the high-status member dominated discussions with the three low-status members. Also, the high-status member more often was a "first advocate" in the face-to-face discussions, and first advocates were more influential than later advocates. These status inequalities in face-to-face decision making were pronounced just when the high-status member's expertise was relevant to the decision task. When the same groups made comparable decisions using electronic mail, status and expertise inequalities in participation were reduced. A striking and unexpected result was that "first" advocacy was shared by high-and low-status members in discussions using electronic mail. This behavior resulted in increased equality of influence across status and expertise. We discuss the implications of these results for research and for design of new communication technologies.

792 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
17 Oct 2005
TL;DR: This work shows that it can estimate the coarse geometric properties of a scene by learning appearance-based models of geometric classes, even in cluttered natural scenes, and provides a multiple-hypothesis framework for robustly estimating scene structure from a single image and obtaining confidences for each geometric label.
Abstract: Many computer vision algorithms limit their performance by ignoring the underlying 3D geometric structure in the image. We show that we can estimate the coarse geometric properties of a scene by learning appearance-based models of geometric classes, even in cluttered natural scenes. Geometric classes describe the 3D orientation of an image region with respect to the camera. We provide a multiple-hypothesis framework for robustly estimating scene structure from a single image and obtaining confidences for each geometric label. These confidences can then be used to improve the performance of many other applications. We provide a thorough quantitative evaluation of our algorithm on a set of outdoor images and demonstrate its usefulness in two applications: object detection and automatic single-view reconstruction.

792 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
31 Jan 2018
TL;DR: These 10 grand challenges may have major breakthroughs, research, and/or socioeconomic impacts in the next 5 to 10 years and represent underpinning technologies that have a wider impact on all application areas of robotics.
Abstract: One of the ambitions of Science Robotics is to deeply root robotics research in science while developing novel robotic platforms that will enable new scientific discoveries. Of our 10 grand challenges, the first 7 represent underpinning technologies that have a wider impact on all application areas of robotics. For the next two challenges, we have included social robotics and medical robotics as application-specific areas of development to highlight the substantial societal and health impacts that they will bring. Finally, the last challenge is related to responsible innovation and how ethics and security should be carefully considered as we develop the technology further.

791 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 May 2005
TL;DR: Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the malware-detection algorithm can detect variants of malware with a relatively low run-time overhead and the semantics-aware malware detection algorithm is resilient to common obfuscations used by hackers.
Abstract: A malware detector is a system that attempts to determine whether a program has malicious intent. In order to evade detection, malware writers (hackers) frequently use obfuscation to morph malware. Malware detectors that use a pattern-matching approach (such as commercial virus scanners) are susceptible to obfuscations used by hackers. The fundamental deficiency in the pattern-matching approach to malware detection is that it is purely syntactic and ignores the semantics of instructions. In this paper, we present a malware-detection algorithm that addresses this deficiency by incorporating instruction semantics to detect malicious program traits. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that our malware-detection algorithm can detect variants of malware with a relatively low run-time overhead. Moreover our semantics-aware malware detection algorithm is resilient to common obfuscations used by hackers.

791 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using photometry and spectroscopy of 183,487 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the authors presented bivariate distributions of pairs of seven galaxy properties: four optical colors, surface brightness, radial profile shape as measured by the Sersic index, and absolute magnitude.
Abstract: Using photometry and spectroscopy of 183,487 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we present bivariate distributions of pairs of seven galaxy properties: four optical colors, surface brightness, radial profile shape as measured by the Sersic index, and absolute magnitude. In addition, we present the dependence of local galaxy density (smoothed on 8 h � 1 Mpc scales) on all of these properties. Several classic, well-known relations among galaxy properties are evident at extremely high signal-to-noise ratio: the color- color relations of galaxies, the color-magnitude relations, the magnitude-surface brightness relation, and the dependence of density on color and absolute magnitude. We show that most of the i-band luminosity density in the universe is in the absolute magnitude and surface brightness ranges used: � 23:5 < M0:1i < � 17:0 mag and 17 < l0:1i < 24 mag in 1 arcsec 2 (the notation z b represents the b band shifted blueward by a factor ð1 þ zÞ). Some of the relationships between parameters, in particular the color-magnitude relations, show stronger correlations for exponential galaxies and concentrated galaxies taken separately than for all galaxies taken together. We provide a simple set of fits of the dependence of galaxy properties on luminosity for these two sets of galaxies and other quantitative details of our results. Subject headings: galaxies: fundamental parameters — galaxies: photometry — galaxies: statistics On-line material: ASCII parameter files, color figure, FITS files 1. MOTIVATION There are strong correlations among the measurable physical properties of galaxies. The classification of galaxies along the visual morphological sequence described by Hubble (1936) correlates well with the dominance of their central bulge, their surface brightnesses, and their colors. These properties also correlate with other properties, such as metallicity, emission-line strength, luminosity in visual bands, neutral gas content, and the winding angle of the spiral structure (for a review, see Roberts & Haynes 1994). The surface brightnesses of giant galaxies classified morpho- logically as elliptical are known to be strongly correlated with their sizes (Kormendy 1977; Kormendy & Djorgovski 1989). Galaxy colors (at least of morphologically elliptical galaxies) are known to be strongly correlated with galaxy luminosity (Baum 1959; Faber 1973; Visvanathan & Sandage 1977; Terlevich et al. 2001). The gravitational mass of a galaxy is closely related to the luminosity and other galaxy properties. These galaxy relations manifest them-

790 citations


Authors

Showing all 36645 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yi Chen2174342293080
Rakesh K. Jain2001467177727
Robert C. Nichol187851162994
Michael I. Jordan1761016216204
Jasvinder A. Singh1762382223370
J. N. Butler1722525175561
P. Chang1702154151783
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski1691431128585
Yang Yang1642704144071
Geoffrey E. Hinton157414409047
Herbert A. Simon157745194597
Yongsun Kim1562588145619
Terrence J. Sejnowski155845117382
John B. Goodenough1511064113741
Scott Shenker150454118017
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
268K papers, 18.2M citations

95% related

University of Maryland, College Park
155.9K papers, 7.2M citations

93% related

University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
225.1K papers, 10.1M citations

93% related

IBM
253.9K papers, 7.4M citations

93% related

Princeton University
146.7K papers, 9.1M citations

92% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023120
2022499
20214,980
20205,375
20195,420
20184,972