Institution
Case Western Reserve University
Education•Cleveland, Ohio, United States•
About: Case Western Reserve University is a education organization based out in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 54617 authors who have published 106568 publications receiving 5071613 citations. The organization is also known as: Case & Case Western.
Topics: Population, Health care, Cancer, Transplantation, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Patients and caregivers should be aware of the likelihood of poor outcomes following hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD associated with hypercarbia, and are advised to report a good, very good, or excellent quality of life.
Abstract: In order to describe the outcomes of patients hospitalized with an acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and determine the relationship between patient characteristics and length of survival, we studied a prospective cohort of 1,016 adult patients from five hospitals who were admitted with an exacerbation of COPD and a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg or more. Patient characteristics and acute physiology were determined. Outcomes were evaluated over a 6 mo period. Although only 11% of the patients died during the index hospital stay, the 60-d, 180-d, 1-yr, and 2-yr mortality was high (20%, 33%, 43%, and 49%, respectively). The median cost of the index hospital stay was $7,100 ($4,100 to $16,000; interquartile range). The median length of the index hospital stay was 9 d (5 to 15 d). After discharge, 446 patients were readmitted 754 times in the next 6 mo. At 6 mo, only 26% of the cohort were both alive and able to report a good, very good, or excellent quality of life. Survival time was independently related to severity of illness, body mass index (BMI), age, prior functional status, PaO2/FI(O2), congestive heart failure, serum albumin, and the presence of cor pulmonale. Patients and caregivers should be aware of the likelihood of poor outcomes following hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD associated with hypercarbia.
1,393 citations
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TL;DR: In vitro findings suggest that the MPT is the pathophysiological mechanism underlying Reye's syndrome in vivo, and a model is proposed in which onset of theMPT to increasing numbers of mitochondria within a cell leads progressively to autophagy, apoptosis and necrotic cell death.
1,392 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that neonatal infections among ELBW infants are associated with poor neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in early childhood and novel interventions to improve these outcomes can be explored.
Abstract: ContextNeonatal infections are frequent complications of extremely low-birth-weight
(ELBW) infants receiving intensive care.ObjectiveTo determine if neonatal infections in ELBW infants are associated with
increased risks of adverse neurodevelopmental and growth sequelae in early
childhood.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsInfants weighing 401 to 1000 g at birth (born in 1993-2001) were enrolled
in a prospectively collected very low-birth-weight registry at academic medical
centers participating in the National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development Neonatal Research Network. Neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes
were assessed at a comprehensive follow-up visit at 18 to 22 months of corrected
gestational age and compared by infection group. Eighty percent of survivors
completed the follow-up visit and 6093 infants were studied. Registry data
were used to classify infants by type of infection: uninfected (n = 2161),
clinical infection alone (n = 1538), sepsis (n = 1922),
sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 279), or meningitis with
or without sepsis (n = 193).Main Outcome MeasuresCognitive and neuromotor development, neurologic status, vision and
hearing, and growth (weight, length, and head circumference) were assessed
at follow-up.ResultsThe majority of ELBW survivors (65%) had at least 1 infection during
their hospitalization after birth. Compared with uninfected infants, those
in each of the 4 infection groups were significantly more likely to have adverse
neurodevelopmental outcomes at follow-up, including cerebral palsy (range
of significant odds ratios [ORs], 1.4-1.7), low Bayley Scales of Infant Development
II scores on the mental development index (ORs, 1.3-1.6) and psychomotor development
index (ORs, 1.5-2.4), and vision impairment (ORs, 1.3-2.2). Infection in the
neonatal period was also associated with impaired head growth, a known predictor
of poor neurodevelopmental outcome.ConclusionsThis large cohort study suggests that neonatal infections among ELBW
infants are associated with poor neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in
early childhood. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis
of brain injury in infants with infection so that novel interventions to improve
these outcomes can be explored.
1,391 citations
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TL;DR: Vapor-grown diamond and diamondlike materials may have eventual applications in abrasives, tool coatings, bearing surfaces, electronics, optics, tribological surfaces, and corrosion protection.
Abstract: Diamond may be grown at low pressures where it is the metastable form of carbon. Recent advances in a wide variety of plasma and electrical discharge methods have led to dramatic increases in growth rates. All of these methods have certain aspects in common, namely, the presence of atomic hydrogen and the production of energetic carbon-containing fragments under conditions that support high mobilities on the diamond surface. Some understanding of the processes taking place during nucleation and growth of diamond has been achieved, but detailed molecular mechanisms are not yet known. Related research has led to the discovery of a new class of materials, the "diamondlike" phases. Vapor-grown diamond and diamondlike materials may have eventual applications in abrasives, tool coatings, bearing surfaces, electronics, optics, tribological surfaces, and corrosion protection.
1,391 citations
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TL;DR: The in vivo evaluation of tissue responses to biomaterials, medical devices, and prostheses to determine intended performance characteristics and safety or biocompatibility considerations is described.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract All materials intended for application in humans as biomaterials, medical devices, or prostheses undergo tissue responses when implanted into living tissue. This review first describes fundamental aspects of tissue responses to materials, which are commonly described as the tissue response continuum. These actions involve fundamental aspects of tissue responses including injury, inflammatory and wound healing responses, foreign body reactions, and fibrous encapsulation of the biomaterial, medical device, or prosthesis. The second part of this review describes the in vivo evaluation of tissue responses to biomaterials, medical devices, and prostheses to determine intended performance characteristics and safety or biocompatibility considerations. While fundamental aspects of tissue responses to materials are important from research and development perspectives, the in vivo evaluation of tissue responses to these materials is important for performance, safety, and regulatory reasons.
1,389 citations
Authors
Showing all 54953 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Kenneth W. Kinzler | 215 | 640 | 243944 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
David Baltimore | 203 | 876 | 162955 |
Carlo M. Croce | 198 | 1135 | 189007 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Yusuke Nakamura | 179 | 2076 | 160313 |
Dennis J. Selkoe | 177 | 607 | 145825 |
David L. Kaplan | 177 | 1944 | 146082 |
Evan E. Eichler | 170 | 567 | 150409 |