Institution
Case Western Reserve University
Education•Cleveland, Ohio, United States•
About: Case Western Reserve University is a education organization based out in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 54617 authors who have published 106568 publications receiving 5071613 citations. The organization is also known as: Case & Case Western.
Topics: Population, Health care, Cancer, Transplantation, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Harvard University1, University of California, Los Angeles2, Stanford University3, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center4, National Institutes of Health5, Georgetown University6, University of Arizona7, University at Buffalo8, Ohio State University9, University of Florida10, Regions Hospital11, Yeshiva University12, University of Pittsburgh13, Brown University14, Case Western Reserve University15, AstraZeneca16, University of Tennessee Health Science Center17, University of Alabama at Birmingham18, George Washington University19, University of Massachusetts Medical School20, University of Miami21, Rush University Medical Center22, Wayne State University23, Northwestern University24, Wake Forest University25, University of Iowa26
TL;DR: Most risks and benefits dissipated postintervention, although some elevation in breast cancer risk persisted during cumulative follow-up and the 2 WHI hormone therapy trials do not support use of this therapy.
Abstract: RESULTS During the CEE plus MPA intervention phase, the numbers of CHD cases were 196 for CEE plus MPA vs 159 for placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; 95% CI, 0.95-1.45) and 206 vs 155, respectively, for invasive breast cancer (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53). Other risks included increased stroke, pulmonary embolism, dementia (in women aged65 years), gallbladder disease, and urinary incontinence; benefits included decreased hip fractures, diabetes, and vasomotor symptoms. Most risks and benefits dissipated postintervention, although some elevation in breast cancer risk persisted during cumulative follow-up (434 cases for CEE plus MPA vs 323 for placebo; HR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.11-1.48]). The risks and benefits were more balanced during the CEE alone intervention with 204 CHD cases for CEE alone vs 222 cases for placebo (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.781.14) and 104 vs 135, respectively, for invasive breast cancer (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.02); cumulatively, there were 168 vs 216, respectively, cases of breast cancer diagnosed (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65-0.97). Results for other outcomes were similar to CEE plus MPA. Neither regimen affected all-cause mortality. For CEE alone, younger women (aged 50-59 years) had more favorable results for all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and the global index (nominal P < .05 for trend by age). Absolute risks of adverse events (measured by the global index) per 10 000 women annually taking CEE plus MPA ranged from 12 excess cases for ages of 50-59 years to 38 for ages of 70-79 years; for women taking CEE alone, from 19 fewer cases for ages of 50-59 years to 51 excess cases for ages of 70-79 years. Quality-of-life outcomes had mixed results in both trials. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Menopausal hormone therapy has a complex pattern of risks and benefits. Findings from the intervention and extended postintervention follow-up of the 2 WHI hormone therapy trials do not support use of this therapy for chronic disease prevention, although it is appropriate for symptom management in some women.
1,181 citations
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Duke University1, University of Strasbourg2, University of Kansas3, University of Würzburg4, Baylor College of Medicine5, University of Toronto6, Case Western Reserve University7, University of California, San Francisco8, Ohio State University9, University of Miami10, The Chinese University of Hong Kong11, Boston Children's Hospital12, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth13, Harvard University14, Geneva College15
TL;DR: The present guidelines are the most recent data on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and an update on the 2 previous sets of guidelines published in 2003 and 2007.
Abstract: The present guidelines are the most recent data on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and an update on the 2 previous sets of guidelines published in 2003 and 2007. These guidelines were compiled by a multidisciplinary international panel of individuals with interest and expertise in PONV under the auspices of the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia. The panel members critically and systematically evaluated the current medical literature on PONV to provide an evidence-based reference tool for the management of adults and children who are undergoing surgery and are at increased risk for PONV. These guidelines identify patients at risk for PONV in adults and children; recommend approaches for reducing baseline risks for PONV; identify the most effective antiemetic single therapy and combination therapy regimens for PONV prophylaxis, including nonpharmacologic approaches; recommend strategies for treatment of PONV when it occurs; provide an algorithm for the management of individuals at increased risk for PONV as well as steps to ensure PONV prevention and treatment are implemented in the clinical setting.
1,180 citations
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Case Western Reserve University1, Wake Forest University2, SUNY Downstate Medical Center3, Medical University of South Carolina4, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center5, University of Cincinnati6, University of Minnesota7, Veterans Health Administration8, University of Maryland, Baltimore9, Eli Lilly and Company10, Oregon Health & Science University11, New York University12, HealthPartners13, University of Michigan14, Albert Einstein College of Medicine15, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences16, Henry Ford Hospital17
TL;DR: Intensive therapy did not reduce the risk of advanced measures of microvascular outcomes, but delayed the onset of albuminuria and some measures of eye complications and neuropathy.
1,174 citations
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TL;DR: Support is provided for the suggestion that mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow of postnatal organisms may provide a source for myoprogenitor cells which could function in clinically relevant myogenic regeneration.
Abstract: The compound 5-azacytidine has been previously shown to convert cells of the rat embryonic fibroblastic cell line, C3H/10T1/2, into myoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Rare, resident cells of bone marrow and periosteum, referred to as mesenchymal stem cells, have been shown to differentiate into a number of mesenchymal phenotypes including bone, cartilage, and adipocytes. Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to 5-azacytidine beginning 24 h after seeding twice-passaged cells into culture dishes. After an exposure of 24 h, long, multinucleated myotubes were observed in some of the dishes 7-11 days later. Cells containing Sudan black-positive droplets in their cytoplasm were also observed. Thus, culture-propagated rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells appear to have the capacity to be induced to differentiate in vitro into myogenic and adipocytic phenotypes, although nonmesenchymal cells (rat brain fibroblasts) cannot be so induced. Taken together, these observations provide support for the suggestion that mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow of postnatal organisms may provide a source for myoprogenitor cells which could function in clinically relevant myogenic regeneration.
1,166 citations
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TL;DR: After exposure to low density lipoprotein (LDL) that had been minimally modified by oxidation (MM-LDL), human endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultured separately or together produced 2- to 3-fold more monocyte chemotactic activity than did control cells or cells exposed to freshly isolated LDL.
Abstract: After exposure to low density lipoprotein (LDL) that had been minimally modified by oxidation (MM-LDL), human endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultured separately or together produced 2- to 3-fold more monocyte chemotactic activity than did control cells or cells exposed to freshly isolated LDL. This increase in monocyte chemotactic activity was paralleled by increases in mRNA levels for a monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) that is constitutively produced by the human glioma U-105MG cell line. Antibody that had been prepared against cultured baboon smooth muscle cell chemotactic factor (anti-SMCF) did not inhibit monocyte migration induced by the potent bacterial chemotactic factor f-Met-Leu-Phe. However, anti-SMCF completely inhibited the monocyte chemotactic activity found in the media of U-105MG cells, EC, and SMC before and after exposure to MM-LDL. Moreover, monocyte migration into the subendothelial space of a coculture of EC and SMC that had been exposed to MM-LDL was completely inhibited by anti-SMCF. Anti-SMCF specifically immunoprecipitated 10-kDa and 12.5-kDa proteins from EC. Incorporation of [35S]methionine into the immunoprecipitated proteins paralleled the monocyte chemotactic activity found in the medium of MM-LDL stimulated EC and the levels of MCP-1 mRNA found in the EC. We conclude that (i) SMCF is in fact MCP-1 and (ii) MCP-1 is induced by MM-LDL.
1,165 citations
Authors
Showing all 54953 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Zhong Lin Wang | 245 | 2529 | 259003 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Kenneth W. Kinzler | 215 | 640 | 243944 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
David Baltimore | 203 | 876 | 162955 |
Carlo M. Croce | 198 | 1135 | 189007 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Yusuke Nakamura | 179 | 2076 | 160313 |
Dennis J. Selkoe | 177 | 607 | 145825 |
David L. Kaplan | 177 | 1944 | 146082 |
Evan E. Eichler | 170 | 567 | 150409 |