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Institution

Case Western Reserve University

EducationCleveland, Ohio, United States
About: Case Western Reserve University is a education organization based out in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 54617 authors who have published 106568 publications receiving 5071613 citations. The organization is also known as: Case & Case Western.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: CpG ODN provide a signal to switch on Th1-dominated responses to coadministered antigen and are potential adjuvants for human vaccines to elicit protective Th1 immunity.
Abstract: Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) that contain unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODN) induce macrophages to secrete IL-12, which induces interferon (IFN)-γ secretion by natural killer (NK) cells. Since these cytokines can induce T helper 1 (Th1) differentiation, we examined the effects of coadministered CpG ODN on the differentiation of Th responses to hen egg lysozyme (HEL). In both BALB/c (Th2-biased) and B10.D2 (Th1-biased) mice, immunization with HEL in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) resulted in Th2-dominated immune responses characterized by HEL-specific secretion of IL-5 but not IFN-γ. In contrast, immunization with IFA-HEL plus CpG ODN switched the immune response to a Th1-dominated cytokine pattern, with high levels of HEL-specific IFN-γ secretion and decreased HEL-specific IL-5 production. IFA-HEL plus CpG ODN also induced anti-HEL IgG2a (a Th1-associated isotype), which was not induced by IFA-HEL alone. Control non–CpG ODN did not induce IFN-γ or IgG2a, excepting lesser increases in B10.D2 (Th1-biased) mice. Thus, CpG ODN provide a signal to switch on Th1-dominated responses to coadministered antigen and are potential adjuvants for human vaccines to elicit protective Th1 immunity.

1,100 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the proposed mechanisms for O2 reduction on various catalysts are discussed, taking into account the possible role of superoxide radicals, hydogen peroxide and adsorbed dioxygen.

1,100 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The synthesized C, N, and S-doped titania nanomaterials show an increased electron density of states above the valence band of TiO2, which explains the red-shifted light absorption of these potential photocatalysts and simultaneously suggests a lowered potential as photooxidants compared to Degussa P25 TiO 2.
Abstract: The origin of the visible-light absorption of main-group element (C, N, S) doped TiO2 nanostructures is investigated via diffuse reflectance and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synthesized C-, N-, and S-doped titania nanomaterials show an increased electron density of states above the valence band of TiO2, which explains the red-shifted light absorption of these potential photocatalysts and simultaneously suggests a lowered potential as photooxidants compared to Degussa P25 TiO2.

1,095 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exact expressions for rates of change of eigenvalues and eigenvector to facilitate computerized design of complex structures are presented.
Abstract: Exact expressions for rates of change of eigenvalues and eigenvector to facilitate computerized design of complex structures

1,094 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is reported here that inherited variants in the SORL1 neuronal sorting receptor are associated with late-onset Alzheimer disease, and it is shown that SOR l1 directs trafficking of APP into recycling pathways and that when SORl1 is underexpressed, APP is sorted into Aβ-generating compartments.
Abstract: The recycling of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) from the cell surface via the endocytic pathways plays a key role in the generation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in Alzheimer disease. We report here that inherited variants in the SORL1 neuronal sorting receptor are associated with late-onset Alzheimer disease. These variants, which occur in at least two different clusters of intronic sequences within the SORL1 gene (also known as LR11 or SORLA) may regulate tissue-specific expression of SORL1. We also show that SORL1 directs trafficking of APP into recycling pathways and that when SORL1 is underexpressed, APP is sorted into Abeta-generating compartments. These data suggest that inherited or acquired changes in SORL1 expression or function are mechanistically involved in causing Alzheimer disease.

1,093 citations


Authors

Showing all 54953 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Robert Langer2812324326306
Bert Vogelstein247757332094
Zhong Lin Wang2452529259003
John Q. Trojanowski2261467213948
Kenneth W. Kinzler215640243944
Peter Libby211932182724
David Baltimore203876162955
Carlo M. Croce1981135189007
Ronald Klein1941305149140
Eric J. Topol1931373151025
Paul M. Thompson1832271146736
Yusuke Nakamura1792076160313
Dennis J. Selkoe177607145825
David L. Kaplan1771944146082
Evan E. Eichler170567150409
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023142
2022411
20214,337
20204,141
20193,978
20183,663