Showing papers by "Catholic University of the Sacred Heart published in 1976"
TL;DR: In this paper, a collection of mean charged hadron multiplicities per inelastic collisions in various high-energy processes is presented and an extensive list of fits of ǫ-n ≥ 0 as a function of energy is discussed.
Abstract: A collection of mean charged hadron multiplicities per inelastic collisions in various high-energy processes is presented. An extensive list of fits of 〈n
ch〉 as a function of energy is presented and discussed. As the energy increases the multiplicities for different collisions tend to a unique curve, independent of the types of colliding particles.
87 citations
TL;DR: Light microscope autoradiography shows that AChRs are mainly localized along neuronal processes (probably dendrites) and the perikarya exhibit a weak radioactive reaction, while the nerve fibres are devoid of A choline receptors.
Abstract: — α-Bungarotoxin (α-BuTX) has been used as a marker for studying the acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of the adult rat. Binding of [125I]α-BuTX to detergent-solubilized AChRs from rat SCG is a saturable and practically irreversible process. The rate constant of association of the toxin-receptor complex is 1.66 × 105M −1 S−1. The receptor is of nicotinic type. One SCG of adult rat binds about 57 fmol of [125I]α-BuTX corresponding to 9.2 × 105 AChRs per sympathetic neuron. Light microscope autoradiography shows that AChRs are mainly localized along neuronal processes (probably dendrites). The perikarya exhibit a weak radioactive reaction, while the nerve fibres are devoid of AChRs. Following preganglionic denervation the number of AChRs never increases and their spatial distribution seems not to change.
71 citations
TL;DR: This chapter provides an overview of synaptosomal transport processes and illustrates some examples in this context and reviews the aspects of neurotransmitter transport at nerve endings.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of synaptosomal transport processes. The synaptosome is a fundamental in vitro preparation for studying the dynamic biochemical aspect of neurotransmission and neurosecretion. It qualifies, in many respects, as a functioning presynaptic entity with an impressive range of metabolic and transmission based properties. Synaptosomes prepared from whole brain or from grossly dissected brain areas are heterogeneous; the purest synaptosomal preparation contains populations of nerve endings synthesizing and utilizing different neurotransmitters. In spite of this heterogeneity, synaptosomes are often preferred to other nervous tissues preparations in studies concerned with properties believed to be specific to presynaptic nerve terminals. In addition, studies on synaptosomal transport processes are performed under a variety of experimental conditions whose importance in the determination of the results obtained has rarely been evaluated. This chapter illustrates some examples in this context and reviews the aspects of neurotransmitter transport at nerve endings.
53 citations
TL;DR: Surgical results obtained with a cerebrospinal fluid shunt operation in 13 patients considered to be suffering from normal pressure hydrocephalus have been correlated with the findings of the constant manometric infusion test and of prolonged intracranial pressure recordings, suggesting a positive IT, high amplitude CSF pulse pressure and large transitory increases of CSF pressure during sleep seem to be useful criteria for the surgical prognosis.
Abstract: The surgical results obtained with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt operation in 13 patients considered to be suffering from normal pressure hydrocephalus have been correlated with the findings of the constant manometric infusion test (IT) and of prolonged intracranial pressure recordings. A positive IT, high amplitude CSF pulse pressure and large transitory increases of CSF pressure during sleep seem to be useful criteria for the surgical prognosis. Ten more patients affected by primary cerebral atrophy have also been studied. The data obtained in both groups of patients have been utilized for a possible pathogenetic interpretation of the syndrome.
49 citations
TL;DR: The S‐100 binding activity seems to undergo developmental changes, the adult values of kinetic parameters being reached around the 16th postnatal day in the rat, and Synaptic plasma membranes seem to be the synaptosomal component involved in the high affinity binding.
Abstract: — The specific interaction of S-100 protein with disrupted synaptosomes was further investigated. The specific binding is a saturable and reversible process, and is time, temperature, and strictly Ca2+ -dependent. Two affinities affect the interaction (Kins= 7.04 × 10−9 M. 1.28 × 1012 binding sites/ mg protein; Kins2= 3.91 × 10−7M, 2.96 × 1013 binding sites/mg protein). The half-saturation time is about 5.5 min at 37°C. The half-life of the complex is 17 min at 37°C. At 0°C the binding is 75% slower than at 37° C, and only one-third of the binding sites are involved. The binding capacity is decreased by high NaCl concentrations and by pretreating membranes at high temperatures. Digestion of membranes with trypsin practically abolishes the specific binding. Treatment of membranes with phospholipase C decreases the specific binding, while phospholipase D enhances it to some extent. Other lipid extractors decrease significantly the extent of the interaction. Synaptic plasma membranes seem to be the synaptosomal component involved in the high affinity binding. The S-100 binding activity seems to undergo developmental changes, the adult values of kinetic parameters being reached around the 16th postnatal day in the rat. The results are discussed also in relation to the membrane-bound fraction of S-100.
41 citations
TL;DR: The 2:3 ratio of unbalanced offsprings born to the proposita indicates that, contrary to the evidence emerging from studies in other species, the risk for the production of un balanced gametes is high.
Abstract: Centric fission of chromosome No. 4 was found in the healthy mother of two children with trisomy 4p. The two telocentrics derived are stable and show no evidence of fusing again. The 2:3 ratio of unbalanced offsprings born to the proposita indicates that, contrary to the evidence emerging from studies in other species, the risk for the production of unbalanced gametes is high.
38 citations
TL;DR: The spontaneous release and the release induced by 56 mM KCl in the presence of CaCl2, by the ionophore A23187, by ouabain, by lack of K+, or by purified black widow spider toxin were unaffected or only barely decreased in DAB-treated synaptosomes, and therefore do not seem to be mediated by the Dab-blocked GABA carrier.
Abstract: The carrier-mediated transport of GABA in rat brain synaptosomes was strongly and permanently inhibited byl-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB). In order to discriminate between carrier-mediated and non-carrier-mediated release of [3H]GABA, synaptosomes prelabeled with 0.5 μM [3H]GABA in the presence of 100 μM DAB, or with 0.2 μM [3H]GABA without DAB, were superfused in conditions stimulating the release of [3H]GABA. Only the release elicited by unlabeled GABA or DAB (by homo- and heteroexchange, respectively) was strongly inhibited in DAB-pretreated synaptosomes. The spontaneous release and the release induced by 56 mM KCl in the presence of CaCl2, by the ionophore A23187, by ouabain, by lack of K+, or by purified black widow spider toxin were unaffected or only barely decreased in DAB-treated synaptosomes, and therefore do not seem to be mediated by the DAB-blocked GABA carrier.
27 citations
27 citations
TL;DR: Urinary levels of ALA and lead were comparable with the usual urinary levels of chronically lead exposed humans at the end of the intoxication period, and in kidney homogenates of poisoned rats succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and lactate dehydrogenases were unmodified, malate dehydrationrogenase and glutamate dehydrogen enzyme were decreased, while Dt diaphorase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogensase were greatly increased compared with controls.
21 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of single-fiber preparations confirmed the intervention of the sympathetic system in the development of the pupillary light reflex and corroborates the hypothesis of a larger participation of sympathetic nerves in the reflex response to darkness than in the response to light.
19 citations
TL;DR: In synaptosomes prelabeled with [3H]GABA, a good correlation was observed among magnitude of amino acid pool depletion induced by cold shock or by 56 mM KCl, decrease of subsequent accumulation of [14C] GABA, and decrease of [4H]-GABA-stimulated [3 H]GA BA release (homoexchange).
TL;DR: Blood in vitro has been used to evaluate the effects of phosphocreatine and fructose 1,6-diphosphate on the adenylate cycle and these compounds, following different metabolic pathways, increased the ATP concentration.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the protein stimulates the RNA-polymerase I activity in isolated brain nuclei and an organ-specificity may be hypothesized for this action.
TL;DR: It is affirm that afferent trigeminal impulses enter the brain stem also through the third nerve, as shown by the fact that electrical stimulation of the central stump of the IIIrd nerve can influence the dorsal neck muscles in the same way as other trigemINAL afferents.
TL;DR: An 11-year-old girl with severe psychomotor retardation and other congenital anomalies characteristic of Down's and G deletion I syndromes, was confirmed to be a chromosome 21 ring carrier by R- and G-banding techniques.
Abstract: An 11-year-old girl with severe psychomotor retardation and other congenital anomalies characteristic of Down's and G deletion I syndromes, was confirmed to be a chromosome 21 ring carrier by R- and G-banding techniques. The dynamics of the ring evolution resulting in a population of complex unstable rings, as in our index case, and the effects of the consequent ring mosaicism are briefly discussed.
TL;DR: An immunological mechanism was revealed in only a small percentage of the patients studied, indicating in the remaining cases the possible role of nonimmunological processes or the inadequacy of the test technique employed.
TL;DR: The effects of afferent vestibular impulses on single pontine reticular formation units and on a small filament of the IIIrd cranial nerve were recorded with tungsten microelectrodes in 40 curarized guinea pigs and can be interpreted as responses mediated by direct vestibulo-reticular fibres.
Abstract: The effects of afferent vestibular impulses on single pontine reticular formation units and on a small filament of the IIIrd cranial nerve were recorded with tungsten microelectrodes in 40 curarized guinea pigs. Single-shock and repetitive electrical stimulations were applied by means of stimulating electrodes inserted bilaterally into the perilymphatic space of single ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicircular canals. The reticular unitary response consisted mainly in excitation of the resting discharge rate: most units showed vestibular convergence being affected by separate stimulation of the single four ampullae. the reticular evoked field and unitary potentials accounted for latency values ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 msec. As for the early latencies they can be interpreted as responses mediated by direct vestibulo-reticular fibres. A delimited vestibular projection field in the parameidan pontine reticular formation was not identified.
TL;DR: This indicates that the sympathetic pupillodilator fibers play a role in the pupil dilatation occurring during painful stimuli, and that the pupillary reflexes to pain and light converge on the same efferent fibers.
TL;DR: Semen was found to contain the same molecular species of A, B and H substances which were observed in saliva and red cells and the comparison of gel-chromatographic patterns of the saliva and semen of 40 subjects showed identical ABH patterns.
TL;DR: The effects of peritoneal dialysis on changes in the plasma valine, glycine, glutamic acid and taurine have been interpreted and the variations observed have been compared in an attempt to evaluate the effects of two different methods ofdialysis on the amino acid pools.
TL;DR: A procedure has been developed which allows the isolation from rat brain cytosol of a soluble acidic protein, designated DNA‐110 protein, having two basic properties: selective affinity for single‐stranded DNA and immunological specificity to the nervous system.
Abstract: — A procedure has been developed which allows the isolation from rat brain cytosol of a soluble acidic protein, designated DNA-110 protein, having two basic properties: selective affinity for single-stranded DNA and immunological specificity to the nervous system. Only two major purification steps, DNA-cellulose chromatography and affinity chromatography on immunoadsorbents are needed to give apparently pure protein. The purification steps of the DNA-110 protein have been followed by immunological assay. DNA-110 has a molecular weight of 68,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.9. It accounts for 1.95% of the total soluble protein and its concentration is 216 μg per g wet weight of rat brain. DNA-110 is immunologically unrelated to other soluble acidic brain-specific proteins and glycoproteins.
TL;DR: A clinical study of some biological and biochemical factors carried out on patients with acute myocardial infarction found the highest correlation was between the plasma viscosity and alpha2-globulin concentration.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results suggest that in hepatoma 3924A utilization of adenosine 5'-triphosphate by ion transport exerts a simultaneous control of both respiration and aerobic glycolysis, which is presumably mediated by alterations in the availability of adenoine 5-diphosphate.
Abstract: Summary Addition of increasing concentrations of glucose to slices of Morris hepatoma 3924A greatly stimulated aerobic lactate production and reduced respiration by 20%. Neither the adenine nucleotide content of the slices nor the calculated rate of adenosine 5′-triphosphate synthesis was altered. Ouabain reduced the rate of O 2 uptake (by 20 to 25%) and of aerobic lactate production (by 25 to 50%) without affecting adenine nucleotide contents. The reduction by ouabain of the calculated rate of adenosine 5′-triphosphate synthesis was similar whether the slices were utilizing only endogenous substrate or exogenous glucose also. Raising the medium K + concentration (and correspondingly reducing Na + ) partially overcame the inhibition of ion transport by ouabain and partially restored the rates of respiration and aerobic lactate production toward control levels. Electron microscopic observations of mitochondria within the slices incubated under different conditions showed variations in configuration between “orthodox,” “condensed” and degenerating forms. Slices preincubated at 1° showed mitochondria in the condensed form: they were restored to the orthodox configuration during incubation at 38° in oxygenated medium. Oligomycin and glucose enhanced the transition, but ouabain reduced the number of mitochondria undergoing the change. The results suggest that in hepatoma 3924A utilization of adenosine 5′-triphosphate by ion transport exerts a simultaneous control of both respiration and aerobic glycolysis, which is presumably mediated by alterations in the availability of adenosine 5′-diphosphate. The mitochondria undergo conformational transitions under conditions likely to affect local availability of adenosine 5′-diphosphate within cell compartments, but the transitions are not all readily interpretable by comparison with the effects of externally added adenosine diphosphate on isolated mitochondria.
TL;DR: The structural integrity of the nucleus is not a prerequisite for the action of the S-100 protein on the RNA-polymerase activity in brain nuclei.
TL;DR: Analysis of the hands of 16 patients with trisomy for the short arm of chromosome 4 has revealed an increased frequency of whorl patterns on fingertips, presence of axial triradii in position t′ on palms and an increase of the main line index.
Abstract: A dermatoglyphic analysis of the hands of 16 patients with trisomy for the short arm of chromosome 4 has revealed an increased frequency of whorl patterns on fingertips, presence of axial triradii in position t′ on palms and an increase of the main line index. Although of little diagnostic value these changes must be included in the constellation of major signs which characterize the 4p trisomy syndrome.
TL;DR: Kinetic studies suggest that the leucocyte oscillation observed would reflect variation in cell production, and a specific long-term cycle of approximately two months in CML is called attention to.
Abstract: Cyclic leukocytosis has been previously described in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The purpose of this report is to call attention to the possibility of a specific long-term cycle of approximately two months in CML, on the basis of the reported patients studied prospectively with no treatment and to describe an additional case with similar changes. Kinetic studies suggest that the leucocyte oscillation observed would reflect variation in cell production. Implications of the findings with regard to pathogenesis and therapy of the disease are discussed. A long-term cycle of the neutrophil count, showing a period of approximately two months, was also found in eight children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in remission, analyzed retrospectively.