Showing papers by "Catholic University of the Sacred Heart published in 1980"
TL;DR: These properties suggest that the S-100 cells in the pituitary gland are neuroectodermal in origin, possibly glial in nature.
Abstract: The brain-specific S-100 protein was localized at the electron microscopic level in the anterior and posterior pituitary gland of adult rat by indirect immunoperoxidase histology. The protein was found in the stellate cells of the pars distalis and tuberalis, in the marginal cells that line the hypophyseal cleft and in the glia-like cells, the pituicytes, of the neural lobe. The pituicytes, the stellate cells and the marginal cells have in common at least two properties: they all express a brain-specific marker and they are satellite cells to the secretory axons in the neural lobe and of the secretory cells in the adenohypophysis. These properties suggest that the S-100 cells in the pituitary gland are neuroectodermal in origin, possibly glial in nature.
176 citations
TL;DR: The presence of the nervous system-specific S-100 antigen has been tested by microcomplement fixation assay with a monospecific anti-S-100 antiserum in cerebrospinal fluid of subjects suffering from psychiatric disorders or various neurological diseases.
136 citations
TL;DR: The view is put forth that in some patients only phoneme encoding or decoding is disturbed, whereas in others a central level of phoneme processing is impaired, and that, besides sequential phonological analysis, other processes operate in auditory comprehension.
119 citations
TL;DR: The present data suggest that sex hormones may play a role in the control of insulin receptors, and it appears that other factors exist during the follicular phase that lower insulin binding to erythrocyte insulin receptors.
Abstract: Specific binding of [125I]insulin to circulating monocytes and erythrocytes from nine normal menstruating women and nine normal men was determined during a 28-day period (one sample every 7 days). In women, insulin binding was higher to both monocytes (P less than 0.001) and erythrocytes (P less than 0.02) in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase. In men, insulin binding to monocytes was similar to the follicular phase values for women; however, insulin binding to erythrocytes from men showed higher values than insulin binding to erythrocytes from women in both the follicular (P less than 0.001) and luteal (P less than 0.001) phases. These differences were due primarily to changes in receptor concentration rather than receptor affinity. An inverse relationship was found between insulin binding to monocytes and levels of 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone; this relationship was not observed in insulin binding to erythrocytes. The present data, therefore, suggest that sex hormones may play a role in the control of insulin receptors. Furthermore, it appears that other factors exist during the follicular phase that lower insulin binding to erythrocyte insulin receptors. If insulin receptors on circulating cells reflect the behavior of the main insulin target tissues, the present data might in part explain the reduction in glucose tolerance reported by various authors in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
113 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the results were not consistent with the view that sleep deprivation induces an emergency reaction with increased activation, but rather that it results in lower levels of both psychological and physiological activation.
Abstract: Twelve healthy males were exposed to 48 hr of sleep deprivation under conditions of strictly controlled activity and of food and drink intake. During the experiment the subjects were isolated from external time cures, i.e. no daylight, clocks, etc. Plasma samples were obtained before and at the end of the vigil, as well as after 5 days of recovery. Samples were analyzed for adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones and for follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing hormones (LH). The levels of all unconjugated steroids studied (cortisol, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone) were significantly lower at the end of the sleep deprivation period. Self-ratings of fatigue were significantly higher at the end of the deprivation period. After recovery, all values returned to base line. No changes were observed in the levels of FSH, LH, or most conjugated steroids. It was concluded that the results were not consistent with the view that sleep deprivation induces an emergency reaction with increased activation, but rather that it results in lower levels of both psychological and physiological activation.
95 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on the overall release of amino acids is due to the antagonism exerted by the divalent cation on the veratridine action at the Na+ channel, whereas the depolarization itself would have slight or no importance in the case of catecholamines.
Abstract: The effect of veratridine on neurotransmitter release was studied using rat brain synaptosomes superfused at 37°C. Veratridine (5–75 μ M) caused a concentration-dependent release of [3H]GABA from prelabeled synaptosomes in the presence of 2.7 mM Ca2+. In the whole range of veratridine concentrations, the release of [3H]GABA elicited by the drug was substantially increased rather than decreased in the absence of Ca2+ or with Ca2+ concentrations of 0.45 and 0.9 mM. The release of the amino acid was inhibited more by 5.4 mM than by 2.7 mM Ca2+. The effect on endogenous (chemically measured) GABA was similar to that on [3H]GABA. The inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on the veratridine-induced release of [3H]GABA was consistently seen in a variety of experimental conditions except one, namely when the experiment was run at room temperature (22–23°C) rather than at physiological temperature (37°C). In fact, at 22–23°C the release of GABA evoked by the alkaloid was somewhat potentiated by Ca2+. At 37°C, glutamate appeared to behave similarly to GABA, whereas the veratridine-induced release of [3H]noradrenaline and [3H]dopamaine was largely Ca2+-dependent. The mechanism of the release of transmitters elicited by veratridine is discussed. It is concluded that the evoked release of GABA and glutamate is due more to the veratridine-induced depolarization (Na+ influx) than to the accompanying influx of Ca2+, and it is suggested that the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on the overall release of amino acids is due to the antagonism exerted by the divalent cation on the veratridine action at the Na+ channel. In contrast, in the case of catecholamines, the influx of Ca2+ would have a prominent role in triggering exocytotic release, whereas the depolarization itself would have slight or no importance.
92 citations
82 citations
TL;DR: A "neurogenic" mechanism is proposed by the authors for the pathogenesis of these T wave abnormalities and may explain the umprompted variability of ECG tracings and T wave normalization after maximal physical effort and isoproterenol infusion.
71 citations
TL;DR: From the results it appears that high glucocorticoid receptor levels in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of children do not guarantee a clinical response to corticosteroids, and may turn out to be of value in predicting a poor response to Corticosteroid only if their levels are considerably low.
67 citations
TL;DR: The kefir grain has a spongy fibrillar structure with a reticular lamellar matrix and a fibre mass which, especially in the centre of the grain, shows branching and interconnections with long cordons.
Abstract: Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the micro-organisms on kefir granules. The most richly colonized part was that nearest to the exterior of the granule; it contained mainly bacteria and a few yeasts. The latter increased towards the centre of the granule where few bacteria were present. The kefir grain has a spongy fibrillar structure with a reticular lamellar matrix and a fibre mass which, especially in the centre of the grain, shows branching and interconnections with long cordons.
44 citations
TL;DR: A binding activity specific for estrogens has been identified in the cytosol of human thymoma and the receptor is distinct from the cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor on the basis of binding specificity.
TL;DR: On the basis of the results of DNA-DNA hybridization the strains were divided into four genetic groups which had physiological characteristics which were substantially similar.
Abstract: Physiological characteristics, DNA base composition (% GC) and DNA-DNA reassociation values were determined for 138 Lactobacillus acidophilus strains. Twenty seven strains were received from various culture collections and 111 strains were freshly isolated during a study on the composition of the intestinal lactic microflora of piglets and suckling calves. All strains had physiological characteristics which were substantially similar. The strains isolated from pigs were unable to ferment trehalose. The % GC ranged from 35.8 to 43.4. On the basis of the results of DNA-DNA hybridization the strains were divided into four genetic groups.
TL;DR: 1 W. Hodos, The Neurosciences, in: Proc.
Abstract: 1 W. Hodos, The Neurosciences. p.26-39. Ed. F.O. Schmitt. 1970. 2 J.A. Hobson, EEG clin. Neurophysiol. 22, 113-121 (1967). 3 J.A. Hobson, O. Goin and C. Goin, Nature 220, 386-387 (1968). 4 A.C. Huntley, M. Donnelly and H.B. Cohen, Sleep Res. 7, 141 (1978). 5 W.F. Flanigan, Brain, Behav. Evol. 8, 401-436 (1973). 6 J.M. Walker and R.J. Berger, Brain, Behav. Evol. 8, 453-476 (1973). 7 !. Tymicz, J. Narebski and E. Jurkowlaniec, Sleep Res. 4, 146 (1975). 8 V. Karads R. Kovaeevie and D. Momirov, in: Proc. 1st Eur. Congr. Sleep Res. p.283. Ed. W.P. Koella and P. Levin. Karger, Basel 1973. 9 S. Breedtove, S. Gerber and T. AIlison, Sleep Res. 5, 93 (1976). 10 S. Gerber, S. Breedlove and T. Allison, Sleep Res, 5, 95 (1976). 19
TL;DR: The results suggest that dopaminergic nerve endings do not possess autoreceptors controlling dopamine synthesis, and it is proposed that the regulation of dopamine synthesis occurs through inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase, according to the classical and end-product concept.
TL;DR: The authors report on a computer-assisted method that allows a semi-quantitative assessment of salivary gland function under normal and pathologic conditions and illustrates some mathematical procedures suitable for this purpose.
Abstract: The authors report on a computer-assisted method that allows a semi-quantitative assessment of salivary gland function under normal and pathologic conditions. They illustrate some mathematical procedures suitable for this purpose and the results achieved in various salivary gland diseases.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the α-bungarotoxin binding sites in the rat superior cervical ganglion are influenced by postganglionic rather than pre ganglia signals, but that chronic treatments with drugs acting at the post ganglionic nerve terminal (6-hydroxydopamine and reserpine) do not mimic the effect of the axotomy on the toxin binding sites.
TL;DR: The electrospinogram was investigated in 18 adult rabbits before and after acute spinal lesions of variable entity and found the first positive wave is widely distributed from L7 to Th11–12.
Abstract: The electrospinogram was investigated in 18 adult rabbits before and after acute spinal lesions of variable entity. The first positive wave is widely distributed from L7 to Th11–12
TL;DR: Three double-helical DNA species were investigated and the results of spectroscopic investigations support the interaction between tingenone and DNA.
TL;DR: Preliminary data on the frequency of the alpha 2 chain in eight domestic breeds indicate that this chain is fairly common, being present in 15 out of 40 animals examined, and the results of breeding experiments suggest the possibility of a duplication of the hemoglobin alpha locus in the Ovinae.
TL;DR: A 40-year-old man with a slowly progressive unilateral sclerotic process of the base of the skull developed complete involvement of all cranial nerves on the right.
Abstract: ✓ A 40-year-old man with a slowly progressive unilateral sclerotic process of the base of the skull developed complete involvement of all cranial nerves on the right. Roentgenograms of the skull are interpreted as fibrous dysplasia, but pathological confirmation is lacking.
TL;DR: The results suggest that newly synthesized and recaptured DA have a similar compartmentation in nerve endings, whether [3H]DA originated from synthesis or from uptake.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the release pattern of [3H]dopamine ([3H]DA) originated from [3H]tyrosine or by uptake in striatal synaptosomes. Synaptosomes prelabeled either with [3H]DA or with [3H]tyrosine were superfused in three conditions stimulating DA release by different mechanisms: (1) depolarization with high K+; (2) inversion of the Na+ gradient across the plasma membrane; (3) exposure tod-amphetamine. Since DA contained in different pools may exit from nerve endings by different processes, DA release was analyzed in the presence or in the absence of nomifensine which allows discrimination between carrier-mediated and carrier-independent processes. The pattern of DA release in the three conditions tested was identical, whether [3H]DA originated from synthesis or from uptake. Nomifensine did not affect the high-K+-induced release and inhibited that induced by the other two stimuli. The results suggest that newly synthesized and recaptured DA have a similar compartmentation in nerve endings.
TL;DR: Data suggest that diazepam might be effective as an anti-motion-sickness agent and evoked eye velocity/head velocity in rabbits.
Abstract: • We have studied the influence of intravenously administered diazepam on the horizontal (HVOR) and vertical (VVOR) vestibulo-ocular reflexes of the rabbit The HVOR and VVOR were evoked by sinusoidal oscillation of rabbits on a rate table (001 to 08 Hz, ± 10°), and eye movements were measured with an infrared light-projection technique The gains of the HVOR and VVOR (evoked eye velocity/head velocity) were reduced by diazepam injections of 5 μg/kg The dose required to produce a 50% reduction in HVOR gain was 500 μg/kg The time required to reduce the HVOR gain to 50% of its maximal reduction at a dose of 400 μg/kg (04 Hz, ±10°) was 60 s These data suggest that diazepam might be effective as an anti-motion-sickness agent
TL;DR: It is indicated for the first time that in the superior colliculus a somatotopic map of extraocular afferent input is present and the significance of this projection is discussed in relation to the control of head movements and extraocular proprioception.
TL;DR: Sézary cells were not found in any patient and two additional patients with erythroderma were seen: one had large cell variant SÉzary syndrome and one had small cell SéZary syndrome.
Abstract: Summary
Forty patients with generalized inflammatory skin diseases were examined for the presence of Sezary cells in the peripheral blood. Sezary cells were not found in any patient. During the course of the study, two additional patients with erythroderma were seen: one had large cell variant Sezary syndrome and one had small cell Sezary syndrome. Details of these two patients are included for comparison.