Institution
Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
Education•Milan, Lombardia, Italy•
About: Catholic University of the Sacred Heart is a education organization based out in Milan, Lombardia, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 13592 authors who have published 31048 publications receiving 853961 citations.
Topics: Population, Health care, Cancer, Myocardial infarction, Transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is speculated that the reduction in thrombotic events observed in patients with a previous myocardial infarction and in high-renin, hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors could be due at least in part to the decreased production of PAI-1 by VSM cells caused by these agents.
Abstract: Background: The role of angiotensin as a vasoconstrictor is well established. Lately, several other actions of this hormone on vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells have been recognized including the induction of hypertrophy and/or DNA synthesis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a mitogen recently shown to increase plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) synthesis in VSM cells, shares with angiotensin II (Ang II) several steps of its intracellular signaling pathway. Methods and Results: The expression of PAI-1 and tissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) mRNA in cultured rat VSM cells was studied. Northern blot analysis demonstrated a severalfold increase in the PAJ-1 mRNA 3 to 8 hours after stimulated with 300 nmol/L Ang II. A similar response for TPA mRNA was observed. This induction did not require the synthesis of an intermediate protein or peptide because it was not affected by cycloheximide. In the cell-conditioned supernatant, the net result was an increase in PAI-1 activity from 4.18 ± 1.8 to 13.2 ± 6.8 IU/mL 6 hours after the addition of 300 nmol/L Ang II (mean ± SD, P ≤ .008, n = 6). The Ang IL-induced increase in PAI activity was dose related, with a maximal at a concentration of 23 nmol/L (n = 3) and an ED50 of 3.3 ± 1.5 nmol/L (n = 5). [Sar1-Ile8] angiotensin II, a specific competitive antagonist of Ang II, blocked 90 ± 9% (n = 3) of the PAI activity induced by 10 nmol/L Ang II. In basal conditions, fibrin overlay zymography demonstrated the presence of free TPA. After stimulation with Ang II, lysis caused by the in situ hybridization of TPA was also present in the region of the TPA/PAI-1 complex. Angiotensin 1 (Ang 1) elicited an increase in PAI activity similar to that obtained with equivalent doses of Ang II. Captopril (5 μg/ml), an inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), completely prevented the Ang I effect, demonstrating that VSM cells display an ACE-like activity. Conclusions: Recent research has demonstrated the existence of a localized vascular renin-angiotensin system. The finding that Ang II can potentially modulate the plasminogen activation in the arterial wall has important biological and therapeutical implications for the evolution of arterial will thrombi and the migration of cells through the vessel wall in the genesis of atherosclerotic lesions. We speculate that the reduction in thrombotic events observed in patients with a previous myocardial infarction and in high- renin, hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors could be due at least in part to the decreased production of PAI-1 by VSM cells caused by these agents. Chemicals/CAS: Amino Acids; Angiotensin II, 11128-99-7; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; RNA, Messenger; Thymidine, 50-89-5; Tissue Plasminogen Activator, EC 3.4.21.68
174 citations
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TL;DR: This international prospective trial shows that combined treatment with R-CHOP21, IT-MTX, and testicular RT was associated with a good outcome in patients with PTL, and RT avoided contralateral testis relapses, but CNS prophylaxis deserves further investigation.
Abstract: Purpose Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) has poor prognosis with failures in contralateral testis, CNS, and extranodal sites. To prevent these events, we designed an international phase II trial (International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group 10 [IELSG-10]) that addressed feasibility and activity of conventional chemoimmunotherapy associated with CNS prophylaxis and contralateral testis irradiation. The trial was conducted by the IELSG and the Italian Lymphoma Foundation. Patients and Methods Fifty-three patients (age 22 to 79 years) with untreated stage I or II PTL were treated with six to eight courses of rituximab added to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) every 21 days (R-CHOP21); four doses of intrathecal methotrexate (IT-MTX) and radiotherapy (RT) to the contralateral testis (30 Gy) for all patients and to regional lymph nodes (30 to 36 Gy) for stage II disease. Results All patients received R-CHOP21, 50 received CNS prophylaxis, and 47 received testicular RT. With ...
174 citations
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TL;DR: A conceptual model in which sarcopenia is proposed as the biological substrate and the pathway whereby the consequences of physical frailty develop is introduced, which may open new venues for the design of interventions against physicalFrailty and promote the translation of findings to the clinical arena.
174 citations
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TL;DR: Analysis of EBC is a noninvasive method that allows repeat measurements of lung inflammation and is potentially useful for monitoring drug therapy, but several methodological issues need to be addressed before this method can be applied clinically.
174 citations
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TL;DR: AF causes qualitative and quantitative changes in intestinal microbiota, which may represent a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of CF and support the efficacy of probiotics in reducing intestinal inflammation and pulmonary exacerbations.
Abstract: Background & Aims
Intestinal inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF). Administration of probiotics can reduce intestinal inflammation and the incidence of pulmonary exacerbations. We investigated the composition of intestinal microbiota in children with CF and analyzed its relationship with intestinal inflammation. We also investigated the microflora structure before and after Lactobacillus GG (LGG) administration in children with CF with and without antibiotic treatment.
Methods
The intestinal microbiota were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Intestinal inflammation was assessed by measuring fecal calprotectin (CLP) and rectal nitric oxide (rNO) production in children with CF as compared with healthy controls. We then carried out a small double-blind randomized clinical trial with LGG.
Results
Twenty-two children with CF children were enrolled in the study (median age, 7 years; range, 2–9 years). Fecal CLP and rNO levels were higher in children with CF than in healthy controls (184±146 µg/g vs. 52±46 µg/g; 18±15 vs. 2.6±1.2 µmol/L NO2−, respectively; P<0.01). Compared with healthy controls, children with CF had significantly different intestinal microbial core structures. The levels of Eubacterium rectale, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were reduced in children with CF. A similar but more extreme pattern was observed in children with CF who were taking antibiotics. LGG administration reduced fecal CLP and partially restored intestinal microbiota. There was a significant correlation between reduced microbial richness and intestinal inflammation.
Conclusions
CF causes qualitative and quantitative changes in intestinal microbiota, which may represent a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of CF. Administration of probiotics restored gut microbiota, supporting the efficacy of probiotics in reducing intestinal inflammation and pulmonary exacerbations.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 01961661
174 citations
Authors
Showing all 13795 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Peter J. Barnes | 194 | 1530 | 166618 |
Cornelia M. van Duijn | 183 | 1030 | 146009 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Paolo Boffetta | 148 | 1455 | 93876 |
Massimo Antonelli | 130 | 1272 | 79319 |
David B. Audretsch | 126 | 671 | 72456 |
Piero Anversa | 115 | 412 | 60220 |
Marco Pahor | 112 | 476 | 46549 |
David L. Paterson | 111 | 739 | 68485 |
Alfonso Caramazza | 108 | 451 | 39280 |
Anthony A. Amato | 105 | 911 | 57881 |
Stefano Pileri | 100 | 635 | 43369 |
Giovanni Gasbarrini | 98 | 894 | 36395 |
Giampaolo Merlini | 96 | 684 | 40324 |
Silvio Donato | 96 | 860 | 41166 |