Showing papers by "Celal Bayar University published in 2013"
TL;DR: A measurement of form-factor-independent angular observables in the decay B(0)→K*(892)(0)μ(+)μ(-) is presented, based on a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV.
Abstract: We present a measurement of form-factor-independent angular observables in the decay B-0 -> K*(892)(0)mu(+)mu(-). The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Four observables are measured in six bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared q(2) in the range 0.1 < q(2) < 19.0 GeV2/c(4). Agreement with recent theoretical predictions of the standard model is found for 23 of the 24 measurements. A local discrepancy, corresponding to 3.7 Gaussian standard deviations is observed in one q(2) bin for one of the observables. Considering the 24 measurements as independent, the probability to observe such a discrepancy, or larger, in one is 0.5%.
641 citations
University of Oxford1, Newman University2, Celal Bayar University3, University of Valencia4, University of Melbourne5, Janssen Pharmaceutica6, University of Glasgow7, University of Cambridge8, University of Lisbon9, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich10, Newcastle University11, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center12, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai13, University of Birmingham14, Helsinki University Central Hospital15, National Institutes of Health16, University of Barcelona17, University of Oslo18, Oslo University Hospital19, University of Lleida20, Dresden University of Technology21, Ankara University22, Cardiff University23, University of São Paulo24, French Institute of Health and Medical Research25, École Normale Supérieure26
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reanalysed 31 primary data sets as a single large sample (N = 2876) to provide a more definitive view of the association between bipolar disorder and cognitive impairment.
Abstract: Objective: An association between bipolar disorder and cognitive impairment has repeatedly been described, even for euthymic patients. Findings are inconsistent both across primary studies and previous meta-analyses. This study reanalysed 31 primary data sets as a single large sample (N = 2876) to provide a more definitive view. Method: Individual patient and control data were obtained from original authors for 11 measures from four common neuropsychological tests: California or Rey Verbal Learning Task (VLT), Trail Making Test (TMT), Digit Span and/or Wisconsin Card Sorting Task. Results: Impairments were found for all 11 test-measures in the bipolar group after controlling for age, IQ and gender (Ps ≤ 0.001, E.S. = 0.26-0.63). Residual mood symptoms confound this result but cannot account for the effect sizes found. Impairments also seem unrelated to drug treatment. Some test-measures were weakly correlated with illness severity measures suggesting that some impairments may track illness progression. Conclusion: This reanalysis supports VLT, Digit Span and TMT as robust measures of cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder patients. The heterogeneity of some test results explains previous differences in meta-analyses. Better controlling for confounds suggests deficits may be smaller than previously reported but should be tracked longitudinally across illness progression and treatment.
453 citations
TL;DR: An excess of Bs(0)→μ+ μ- signal candidates with respect to the background expectation is seen with a significance of 4.0 standard deviations, consistent with the standard model expectations.
Abstract: A search for the rare decays $B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B^0 \to\mu^+\mu^-$ is performed at the LHCb experiment. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2 fb$^{-1}$ at 8 TeV. An excess of $B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-$ signal candidates with respect to the background expectation is seen with a significance of 4.0 standard deviations. A time-integrated branching fraction of ${\cal B}(B^0_s \to\mu^+\mu^-) = (2.9^{+1.1}_{-1.0})\times 10^{-9}$ is obtained and an upper limit of ${\cal B}(B^0 \to\mu^+\mu^-) < 7.4\times 10^{-10}$ at 95% confidence level is set. These results are consistent with the Standard Model expectations.
334 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of Ferula communis fibers as potential reinforcement in polymer composites was examined, where the fibers were extracted from the F communis plant which grows in Selcuk, Izmir in western Turkey.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the use of Ferula communis fibers as potential reinforcement in polymer composites The fibers are extracted from the F communis plant which grows in Selcuk, Izmir in western Turkey The chemical composition of ferula fibers in terms of cellulose, lignin, and ash contents was determined Surface functional groups of ferula fibers were obtained by fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Crystallinity index and crystallite size were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis The morphology of ferula fibers was investigated through scanning electron microscopy, the thermal behavior through thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses The real density of ferula fibers was measured by means of Archimedes method with ethanol The mechanical properties of F communis were measured through single fiber tensile tests The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) in a polyester matrix has been estimated from the pull-out test
175 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that planning at the ecoregional level ensures better representativeness of the selected conservation features and adequate protection of species, functional, and genetic diversity across the basin.
Abstract: Spatial priorities for the conservation of three key Mediterranean habitats, i.e. seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadows, coralligenous formations, and marine caves, were determined through a systematic planning approach. Available information on the distribution of these habitats across the entire Mediterranean Sea was compiled to produce basin-scale distribution maps. Conservation targets for each habitat type were set according to European Union guidelines. Surrogates were used to estimate the spatial variation of opportunity cost for commercial, non-commercial fishing, and aquaculture. Marxan conservation planning software was used to evaluate the comparative utility of two planning scenarios: (a) a whole-basin scenario, referring to selection of priority areas across the whole Mediterranean Sea, and (b) an ecoregional scenario, in which priority areas were selected within eight predefined ecoregions. Although both scenarios required approximately the same total area to be protected in order to achieve conservation targets, the opportunity cost differed between them. The whole-basin scenario yielded a lower opportunity cost, but the Alboran Sea ecoregion was not represented and priority areas were predominantly located in the Ionian, Aegean, and Adriatic Seas. In comparison, the ecoregional scenario resulted in a higher representation of ecoregions and a more even distribution of priority areas, albeit with a higher opportunity cost. We suggest that planning at the ecoregional level ensures better representativeness of the selected conservation features and adequate protection of species, functional, and genetic diversity across the basin. While there are several initiatives that identify priority areas in the Mediterranean Sea, our approach is novel as it combines three issues: (a) it is based on the distribution of habitats and not species, which was rarely the case in previous efforts, (b) it considers spatial variability of cost throughout this socioeconomically heterogeneous basin, and (c) it adopts ecoregions as the most appropriate level for large-scale planning.
159 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents a review and discussion of studies on the parallel machine scheduling problems with additional resources, and extensions of integer programming models for two main classes of related problems are given.
128 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors improved a model predicting daily soil temperatures depending on depth and time, which can provide the researchers with easily accessible predictions of daily soil temperature variations, which were modeled from daily fluctuations in air temperatures using a sinusoidal function of time and depth.
120 citations
TL;DR: Although dissolvable sodium alginate MN showed less physical robustness than biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid MN, their thermogravimetric analysis is of promise for constructing these polymeric types of matrix devices.
Abstract: Microfabrication of dissolvable, swellable, and biodegradable polymeric microneedle arrays (MNs) were extensively investigated based in a nano sensitive fabrication style known as micromilling that is then combined with conventional micromolding technique. The aim of this study was to describe the polymer selection, and optimize formulation compounding parameters for various polymeric MNs. Inverse replication of micromilled master MNs reproduced with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), where solid out of plane polymeric MNs were subsequently assembled, and physicochemically characterized. Dissolvable, swellable, and biodegradable MNs were constructed to depth of less than 1 mm with an aspect ratio of 3.6, and 1/2 mm of both inter needle tip and base spacing. Micromolding step also enabled to replicate the MNs very precisely and accurate. Polymeric microneedles (MN) precision was ranging from ±0.18 to ±1.82% for microneedle height, ±0.45 to ±1.42% for base diameter, and ±0.22 to ±0.95% for interbase spacing. Although dissolvable sodium alginate MN showed less physical robustness than biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid MN, their thermogravimetric analysis is of promise for constructing these polymeric types of matrix devices.
109 citations
TL;DR: The study indicated the need for much more consumer education regarding safe food handling practices in the domestic environment and it was seen that, TV and radio programmes are important media for sharing the knowledge of food safety with consumers.
102 citations
TL;DR: ANN models have shown higher prediction performance than MR models based on the performance indices and the AUC values and demonstrated that the ANN models can be used at the preliminary stage of designing homogeneous finite slope.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the doubly charmed baryon in the decay mode was searched with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.65 fb−1, of pp collisions recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV.
Abstract: A search for the doubly charmed baryon $ \Xi_{cc}^{+} $
in the decay mode $ \Xi_{cc}^{+}\to \Lambda_c^{+}{K^{-}}{\pi^{+}} $
is performed with a data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.65 fb−1, of pp collisions recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. No significant signal is found in the mass range 3300-3800 MeV/c
2. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level on the ratio of the $ \Xi_{cc}^{+} $
production cross-section times branching fraction to that of the $ \Lambda_c^{+} $
, R, are given as a function of the $ \Xi_{cc}^{+} $
mass and lifetime. The largest upper limits range from R < 1.5 × 10−2 for a lifetime of 100 fs to R < 3.9 × 10−4 for a lifetime of 400 fs.
TL;DR: Fatty acids analysis of the mushrooms showed that the unsaturated fatty acids were at higher concentrations than saturated fatty acids.
Abstract: The fatty acids of six wild edible mushroom species (Boletus reticulatus, Flammulina velutipes var. velutipes, Lactarius salmonicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus, Polyporus squamosus, and Russula anthracina) collected from different regions from Anatolia were determined. The fatty acids were identified and quantified by gas chromatography and studied using fruit bodies. Fatty acid composition varied among species. The dominant fatty acid in fruit bodies of all mushrooms was cis-linoleic acid (18 : 2). Percentage of cis-linoleic acid in species varied from 22.39% to 65.29%. The other major fatty acids were, respectively, cis-oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Fatty acids analysis of the mushrooms showed that the unsaturated fatty acids were at higher concentrations than saturated fatty acids.
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal performance of forced pulsating flow at a backward facing step with a stationary cylinder subjected to nanofluid is presented, where the governing equations are solved with a finite volume based code.
TL;DR: A broad peaking structure is observed in the dimuon spectrum of B+ → K+ μ+ μ- decays in the kinematic region where the kaon has a low recoil against theDimuon system.
Abstract: A broad peaking structure is observed in the dimuon spectrum of $B^+ \to K^+ \mu^+\mu^-$ decays in the kinematic region where the kaon has a low recoil against the dimuon system. The structure is consistent with interference between the $B^+ \to K^+ \mu^+\mu^-$ decay and a resonance and has a statistical significance exceeding six standard deviations. The mean and width of the resonance are measured to be $4191^{+9}_{-8}\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V/}c^2$ and $65^{+22}_{-16}\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V/}c^2$, respectively, where the uncertainties include statistical and systematic contributions. These measurements are compatible with the properties of the $\psi(4160)$ meson. First observations of both the decay $B^+ \to \psi(4160) K^+$ and the subsequent decay $\psi(4160) \to \mu^+\mu^-$ are reported. The resonant decay and the interference contribution make up 20\,% of the yield in the low recoil region, which is larger than theoretical estimates.
TL;DR: Changes in angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules in the study groups suggest a possible effect of exercise on these parameters and exercise programmes are safe and effective on quality of life and depression in breast cancer patients whose treatments are complete.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of exercise on angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules, quality of life, fatigue and depression in patients who completed breast cancer treatment. Sixty breast cancer patients were randomised into three groups, as supervised exercise group, home exercise group and education group. Angiogenesis and apoptosis-related cytokine levels and quality of life (EORTC QOL-C30: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life C30), fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory) and depression (BDI: Beck Depression Inventory) scores were compared before and after a 12-week exercise programme. After the exercise programme, statistically significant decreases were found in interleukin-8 and neutrophil activating protein-78 levels in the home exercise group (P < 0.05). The education group showed a statistically significant increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 level (P < 0.05). Functional score and global health score of EORTC QOL-C30 in the supervised exercise group and functional score of EORTC QOL-C30 in the home exercise group increased significantly after exercise programme (P < 0.05). BDI score was significantly lower in the supervised exercise group after the exercise programme (P < 0.05). Changes in angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules in the study groups suggest a possible effect of exercise on these parameters. Exercise programmes are safe and effective on quality of life and depression in breast cancer patients whose treatments are complete.
TL;DR: In this paper, the decay-time-dependent ratio of D-0 to K+ pi(-) to D- 0 to K-pi(+) rates and the charge-conjugate ratio are reported.
Abstract: Measurements of charm mixing parameters from the decay-time-dependent ratio of D-0 -> K+ pi(-) to D-0 -> K-pi(+) rates and the charge-conjugate ratio are reported. The analysis uses data, corresponding to 3 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity, from proton-proton collisions at 7 and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies recorded by the LHCb experiment. In the limit of charge-parity (CP) symmetry, the mixing parameters are determined to be x('2) = (5.5 +/- 4.9) x 10(-5), y' = (4.8 +/- 1.0) x 10(-3), and R-D = (3.568 +/- 0.066) x 10(-3). Allowing for CP violation, the measurement is performed separately for D-0 and (D) over bar (0) mesons yielding A(D) = (-0.7 +/- 1.9)%, for the direct CP-violating asymmetry, and 0.75 < vertical bar q/p vertical bar<1.24 at the 68.3% confidence level, for the parameter describing CP violation in mixing. This is the most precise determination of these parameters from a single experiment and shows no evidence for CP violation.
TL;DR: The Turkish version of the Health Anxiety Inventory can be reliably and validly used both in clinical practice and in research.
Abstract: Introduction Health anxiety is seen in the clinical presentation of both somatoform disorders, especially hypochondriasis and anxiety disorders. In this study, we aimed to perform the reliability and validity analyses of the Turkish version of the Health Anxiety Inventory which is used in the assessment of health anxiety. Method Translation and back-translation of the Health Anxiety Inventory was done. Study groups consisted of in- or out-patients with somatoform disorder (n=65), panic disorder (n=55), major depressive disorder (n=22), and healthy volunteers (n=114). In the assessment, beside the Health Anxiety Inventory, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Somatosensory Amplification Scale and the Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. Results In reliability analyses, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was 0.918 and item-total score correlation coefficients were between 0.405 and 0.769. Test-retest correlation coefficient was r=0.572. In construct validity, two factors that representing 54.5 percent of the total variance were obtained and they represented sensitivity to somatic symptoms and anxiety towards organic diseases. In concurrent validity, it had moderate to good correlation with the other study scales. In the comparison of study groups, the groups of somatoform disorder and anxiety disorder had significantly higher level of health anxiety than the groups with major depressive disorder and of healthy controls. Conclusion The Turkish version of the Health Anxiety Inventory can be reliably and validly used both in clinical practice and in research.
TL;DR: This study evaluated the effects of three aging methods: dry (D), wet (W), and special bag (SB); two quality grades [USDA Choice((≥Small(50) marbling) and Select); and two cooked end-point temperatures on physico-chemical traits of instrumental tenderness, color, and sensory properties of Longissimus lumborum beef muscle.
Heidelberg University1, Gdańsk Medical University2, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research3, Hacettepe University4, Çukurova University5, University of Gaziantep6, Charité7, Istanbul University8, University of Padua9, Ege University10, Boston Children's Hospital11, Celal Bayar University12, Başkent University13, University of Białystok14, Jagiellonian University Medical College15, University of Silesia in Katowice16, Ondokuz Mayıs University17, University of Warsaw18, Gazi University19, University of Lyon20, Memorial Hospital of South Bend21, Military Medical Academy22, University of Isfahan23, Karolinska University Hospital24, Dubai Hospital25
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed an unselected adolescent cohort of the international PodoNet registry to develop a rational screening approach based on 227 patients with nonsyndromic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome aged 10-20 years.
TL;DR: Preliminary data suggest reverse obliquity fractures of the trochanteric region of the femur can be treated with either standard or long intramedullary nails.
Abstract: Reverse obliquity fractures of the proximal femur have biomechanical characteristics distinct from other intertrochanteric fractures and high implant failure rate when treated with sliding hip screws. Intramedullary hip nailing for these fractures reportedly has less potential for cut-out of the lag screw because of their loadbearing capacity when compared with extramedullary implants. However, it is unclear whether nail length influences healing. We compared standard and long types of intramedullary hip nails in terms of (1) reoperation (fixation failure), (2) 1-year mortality rate, (3) function and mobility, and (4) union rate. We conducted a pilot prospective randomized controlled trial comparing standard versus long (≥ 34 cm) intramedullary hip nails for reverse obliquity fractures of the proximal femur from January 2009 to December 2009. There were 15 patients with standard nails and 18 with long nails. Mean age was 79 years (range, 67–95 years). We determined 1-year mortality rates, reoperation rates, Parker-Palmer mobility and Harris hip scores, and radiographic findings (fracture union, blade cut-out, tip-apex distance, implant failure). Minimum followup was 12 months (mean, 14 months; range, 12–20 months). We found no difference in reoperation rates between groups. Two patients (both from the long-nail group) underwent revision surgery because of implant failure in one and deep infection in the other. There was no difference between the standard- and long-nail groups in mortality rate (17% versus 18%), Parker-Palmer mobility score (five versus six), Harris hip score (74 versus 79), union rate (100% in both groups), blade cut-out (zero versus one), and tip-apex distance (22 versus 24 mm). Our preliminary data suggest reverse obliquity fractures of the trochanteric region of the femur can be treated with either standard or long intramedullary nails. Level II, therapeutic study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
TL;DR: The prevalence and characteristics of women with unplanned pregnancy and the associations between pregnancy planning status and women's health practice and depression during pregnancy in Manisa, Turkey are explored.
Abstract: AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the prevalence and characteristics of women with unplanned pregnancy (UP) and to examine the associations between pregnancy planning status and womens health practice and depression during pregnancy in Manisa Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted with pregnant women (n=550) who attended a state hospital for antenatal care in Manisa Turkey. Health practices of women during pregnancy were assessed with the Health Practices Questionnaire (HPQ II) and depression was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: Of the 550 pregnancies 149 (27.1%) were unplanned. Women whose pregnancies were planned were likely to be younger more educated employed to perceive more social support and to be more satisfied in marriage life than women whose pregnancies were unplanned. The number of pregnancies births and children was higher in women whose pregnancies were unplanned. Women with UP had significantly lower HPQ scores (mean 118.4 SD=13.5) than women with planned pregnancies (mean 124.0 SD=14.1). Women with UP also had a significantly higher score for BDI (mean 10.3 SD 6.9 vs mean 8.1 SD 5.8). CONCLUSIONS: Women with UP had engaged in fewer healthy practices and experienced more depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Health-care providers should screen for UP at an early stage and offer health education programs to help women to develop positive health practices and to improve their emotional health. (c) 2012 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research (c) 2012 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of an upper wall mounted adiabatic thin fin on laminar pulsating flow in a backward facing step has been investigated numerically for different Reynolds numbers in the range of 10 and 200 and for the expansion ratio of 2.71.
TL;DR: The complex phenomenon of pain is provided, with a focus on spiritual and religious issues in pain management, including religious/spiritual factors, such as prayers, and seeking spiritual support to manage their pain.
Abstract: Pain relief is a management problem for many patients, their families, and the medical professionals caring for them. Although everyone experiences pain to some degree, responses to it vary from one person to another. Recognizing and specifying someone else’s pain is clinically a well know challenge. Research on the biology and neurobiology of pain has given us a relationship between spirituality and pain. There is growing recognition that persistent pain is a complex and multidimensional experience stemming from the interrelations among biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors. Patients with pain use a number of cognitive and behavioral strategies to cope with their pain, including religious/spiritual factors, such as prayers, and seeking spiritual support to manage their pain. This article provides an overview of the complex phenomenon of pain, with a focus on spiritual and religious issues in pain management.
TL;DR: The Turkish version of ASQoL has good reliability and validity properties and is practical and useful scale to assess the quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis patients in Turkish population.
Abstract: The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire is a disease-specific measure of needs-based quality of life developed in the UK and the Netherlands. This study describes translation, validation, and reliability of the scale into Turkish population. The ASQoL was translated into Turkish using the dual-panel process. Content validity was assessed via cognitive debriefing interviews with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Patients with AS according to modified New York criteria were recruited into the study from 12 hospitals of all part of Turkey. Psychometric and scaling properties were assessed via a two administration survey involving the ASQoL, the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI), and Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). Classical psychometrics assessed reliability, convergent validity (correlation of ASQoL with NHP, BASFI, and BASDAI) and discriminative validity (correlation of ASQoL with perceived AS-severity and general health). Cognitive debriefing showed the new Turkish ASQoL to be clear, relevant, and comprehensive. Completed survey questionnaires were received from 277 AS patients (80% Male, mean age 42.2/SD 11.6, mean AS duration 9.4 years/SD 9.4). Test-retest reliability was excellent (0.96), indicating low random measurement error for the scale. Correlations of ASQoL with NHP sections were low to moderate (NHP Sleep 0.34; NHP Emotional Reactions 0.83) suggesting the measures assess related but distinct constructs. The measure was able to discriminate between patients based on their perceived disease severity (p < 0.0001) and self-reported general health (p < 0.0001). The Turkish version of ASQoL has good reliability and validity properties. It is practical and useful scale to assess the quality of life in AS patients in Turkish population.
TL;DR: The reports of the Council of Forensic Medicine-Istanbul Narcotic Department were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in herbal compounds sent by the judicial authorities between August 01, 2010 and March 31, 2012.
TL;DR: Results showed that more stringent measures must be taken for the prevention of mold contamination in the production of organic spices and herbs.
Abstract: Organically produced spices and herbs were analyzed for determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by ELISA using immunoaffinity column. For this purpose 93 organic spices and 37 organic herbs were randomly selected from organic markets and organic shops in Turkey. AFB1 was detected in 58 organic spice and 32 organic herb samples. Among organic spice samples, the maximum value was detected in cinnamon sample (53 μg/kg). AFB1 was not detected in thyme samples. AFB1 levels of 41 organic spice samples were above the EU regulatory limit (5 μg/kg). Among organic herb samples the highest concentration of AFB1 (52.5 μg/kg) was detected in a rosehip sample. AFB1 levels of 21 organic herb samples were above the regulatory limits of the European Union. These results showed that more stringent measures must be taken for the prevention of mold contamination in the production of organic spices and herbs.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors tried to review the argument of the use of working fluids for binary cycle power plants and has been dedicated to this specific argument with a more general perspective.
TL;DR: The Turkish version of the Asthma Control Test is a valid and reliable tool for assessing asthma control in patients in outpatient settings and may facilitate the designation of asthma patients’ symptoms as either controlled or uncontrolled.
Abstract: Introduction
Current guidelines focus more on levels of asthma control than on severity of asthma. The original version of the Asthma Control Test (ACT), a self-administered instrument to determine asthma control levels, was designed for English-speaking patients. More recently, the ACT has been translated into many languages and has been validated for many cultures, but this is the first study to evaluate the Turkish version.
TL;DR: The most important step of acclimatization is the hyperventilation which is achieved by hypoxic ventilatory response of the peripheral chemoreceptors which results in increase in arterial carbondioxide concentration.
Abstract: High-altitude (HA) environments have adverse effects on the normal functioning body of people accustomed to living at low altitudes because of the change in barometric pressure which causes decrease in the amount of oxygen leading to hypobaric hypoxia. Sustained exposure to hypoxia has adverse effects on body weight, muscle structure and exercise capacity, mental functioning, and sleep quality. The most important step of acclimatization is the hyperventilation which is achieved by hypoxic ventilatory response of the peripheral chemoreceptors. Hyperventilation results in increase in arterial carbondioxide concentration. Altitude also affects sleep and cardiac output, which is the other determinant of oxygen delivery. Upon initial exposure to HA, the resting pulse rate increases rapidly, but with acclimatization, heart rate and cardiac output tend to fall. Another important component that leads to decrease in cardiac output is the reduction in the stroke volume with acclimatization. During sleep at HA, the levels of CO2 in the blood can drop very low and this can switch off the drive to breathe. Only after the body senses a further drop in O2 levels breathing is started again. Periodic breathing is thought to result from instability in the control system through the hypoxic drive or the response to CO2.
TL;DR: Immunohistochemical and ELISA results suggest that TENS may improve wound healing through increasing growth factors in the dermis and epidermis more than other topical applications.
Abstract: This study compared the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), saline solution (SS), povidone-iodine (PI), and lavender oil ( Lavandula angustifolia) through expression of growth factors in a rat model of wound healing. Six experimental groups were established, each containing 8 rats: a healthy group with no incision wounds, an incision-control group, an incision and TENS group, an incision and SS group, an incision and PI group, and an incision and lavender oil group. Experiments continued for 5 days, after which the skin in the excision area was removed. Tissue concentrations of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Tissue expressions of EGF, PDGF-A, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 were determined using immunohistochemistry. Wound closure progressed more rapidly in the TENS and lavender oil groups than in the control and other study groups. In particular, PDGF-A expressions in the dermis and EGF expression in the epidermis were significantly intense in the TENS group (