Institution
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Government•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 58238 authors who have published 82592 publications receiving 4405701 citations. The organization is also known as: CDC & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Topics: Population, Public health, Poison control, Vaccination, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: A framework for the continuum of multidisciplinary translation research that builds on previous characterization efforts in genomics and other areas in health care and prevention is presented and the types of translation research can overlap and provide feedback loops to allow integration of new knowledge.
670 citations
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TL;DR: Analysis of the sequences of all eight RNA segments of the influenza A/G oose/Guangdong/1/96 virus revealed that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the virus was genetically similar to those of the H5N1 viruses isolated in Hong Kong in 1997, but the remaining genes showed greater similarity to other avian influenza viruses.
670 citations
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TL;DR: Influenza vaccination of healthy working adults younger than 65 years can reduce the rates of ILI, lost workdays, and physician visits during years when the vaccine and circulating viruses are similar, but vaccination may not provide overall economic benefits in most years.
Abstract: ContextAlthough the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccination
are well established for persons aged 65 years or older, the benefits for
healthy adults younger than 65 years are less clear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccine
in preventing influenzalike illness (ILI) and reducing societal costs of ILI
among healthy working adults.DesignDouble-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted during
2 influenza seasons.Setting and ParticipantsHealthy adults aged 18 to 64 years and employed full-time by a US manufacturing
company (for 1997-1998 season, n = 1184; for 1998-1999 season, n = 1191).InterventionsFor each season, participants were randomly assigned to receive either
trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (n = 595 in 1997-1998 and n = 587
in 1998-1999) or sterile saline injection (placebo; n = 589 in 1997-1998 and
n = 604 in 1998-1999). Participants in 1997-1998 were rerandomized if they
participated in 1998-1999.Main Outcome MeasuresInfluenzalike illnesses and associated physician visits and work absenteeism
reported in biweekly questionnaires by all participants, and serologically
confirmed influenza illness among 23% of participants in each year (n = 275
in 1997-1998; n = 278 in 1998-1999); societal cost of ILI per vaccinated vs
unvaccinated person.ResultsFor 1997-1998 and 1998-1999, respectively, 95% (1130/1184) and 99% (1178/1191)
of participants had complete follow-up, and 23% in each year had serologic
testing. In 1997-1998, when the vaccine virus differed from the predominant
circulating viruses, vaccine efficacy against serologically confirmed influenza
illness was 50% (P = .33). In this season, vaccination
did not reduce ILI, physician visits, or lost workdays; the net societal cost
was $65.59 per person compared with no vaccination. In 1998-1999, the vaccine
and predominant circulating viruses were well matched. Vaccine efficacy was
86% (P = .001), and vaccination reduced ILI, physician
visits, and lost workdays by 34%, 42%, and 32%, respectively. However, vaccination
resulted in a net societal cost of $11.17 per person compared with no vaccination.ConclusionInfluenza vaccination of healthy working adults younger than 65 years
can reduce the rates of ILI, lost workdays, and physician visits during years
when the vaccine and circulating viruses are similar, but vaccination may
not provide overall economic benefits in most years.
670 citations
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TL;DR: The results indicate that these drugs should not be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of influenza in the United States until susceptibility to adamantanes has been reestablished among circulating influenza A isolates.
Abstract: ContextThe adamantanes, amantadine and rimantadine, have been used as first-choice
antiviral drugs against community outbreaks of influenza A viruses for many
years. Rates of viruses resistant to these drugs have been increasing globally.
Rapid surveillance for the emergence and spread of resistant viruses has become
critical for appropriate treatment of patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the frequency of adamantane-resistant influenza A viruses
circulating in the United States during the initial months of the 2005-2006
influenza season.Design and SettingInfluenza isolates collected from 26 states from October 1 through December
31, 2005, and submitted to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
were tested for drug resistance as part of ongoing surveillance. Isolates
were submitted from World Health Organization collaborating laboratories and
National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System laboratories.Main Outcome MeasuresUsing pyrosequencing and confirmatory assays, we identified viruses
containing mutations within the M2 gene that are known to confer resistance
to both amantadine and rimantadine.ResultsA total of 209 influenza A(H3N2) viruses isolated from patients in 26
states were screened, of which 193 (92.3%) contained a change at amino acid
31 (serine to asparagine [S31N]) in the M2 gene known to be correlated with
adamantane resistance. Two of 8 influenza A(H1N1) viruses contained the same
mutation. Drug-resistant viruses were distributed across the United States.ConclusionsThe high proportion of influenza A viruses currently circulating in
the United States demonstrating adamantane resistance highlights the clinical
importance of rapid surveillance for antiviral resistance. Our results indicate
that these drugs should not be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of influenza
in the United States until susceptibility to adamantanes has been reestablished
among circulating influenza A isolates.Published online February 2, 2006 (doi:10.1001/jama.295.8.joc60020).
669 citations
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TL;DR: Among currently active members of 4 Air Force populations, a chronic multisymptom condition was significantly associated with deployment to the GW and veterans who met the case definition had significantly diminished functioning and well-being.
Abstract: Context.—Gulf War (GW) veterans report nonspecific symptoms significantly more
often than their nondeployed peers. However, no specific disorder has been
identified, and the etiologic basis and clinical significance of their symptoms
remain unclear.Objectives.—To organize symptoms reported by US Air Force GW veterans into a case
definition, to characterize clinical features, and to evaluate risk factors.Design.—Cross-sectional population survey of individual characteristics and
symptoms and clinical evaluation (including a structured interview, the Medical
Outcomes Study Short Form 36, psychiatric screening, physical examination,
clinical laboratory tests, and serologic assays for antibodies against viruses,
rickettsia, parasites, and bacteria) conducted in 1995.Participants and Setting.—The cross-sectional questionnaire survey included 3723 currently active
volunteers, irrespective of health status or GW participation, from 4 air
force populations.The cross-sectional clinical evaluation included 158 GW
veterans from one unit, irrespective of health status.Main Outcome Measures.—Symptom-based case definition; case prevalence rate for GW veterans
and nondeployed personnel; clinical and laboratory findings among veterans
who met the case definition.Results.—We defined a case as having 1 or more chronic symptoms from at least
2 of 3 categories (fatigue, mood-cognition, and musculoskeletal). The prevalence
of mild-to-moderate and severe cases was 39% and 6%, respectively, among 1155
GW veterans compared with 14% and 0.7% among 2520 nondeployed personnel. Illness
was not associated with time or place of deployment or with duties during
the war. Fifty-nine clinically evaluated GW veterans (37%) were noncases,
86 (54%) mild-to-moderate cases, and 13 (8%) severe cases. Although no physical
examination, laboratory, or serologic findings identified cases, veterans
who met the case definition had significantly diminished functioning and well-being.Conclusions.—Among currently active members of 4 Air Force populations, a chronic
multisymptom condition was significantly associated with deployment to the
GW. The condition was not associated with specific GW exposures and also affected
nondeployed personnel.
668 citations
Authors
Showing all 58382 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Gordon J. Freeman | 164 | 579 | 105193 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Caroline S. Fox | 155 | 599 | 138951 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |