Institution
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Government•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 58238 authors who have published 82592 publications receiving 4405701 citations. The organization is also known as: CDC & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Topics: Population, Public health, Poison control, Vaccination, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The number of emergency department visits for adverse drug events involving Beers criteria medications and the frequency of outpatient prescription of Beers criterion medications and other medications was estimated to calculate and compare the risks.
Abstract: Data from a national surveillance study of adverse drug events and a national outpatient survey indicate that U.S. adults age 65 years or older have more than 175 000 emergency department visits fo...
586 citations
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TL;DR: Data show that S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa remain important nosocomial pathogens, that coagulase-negative staphylococci, enterococci and C. albicans are pathogens of increasing importance, and that the distribution of pathogens differs by site and hospital location.
Abstract: To determine the distribution of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in United States hospitals, we analysed data from the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System. From October 1986 to December 1990, amongst hospitals conducting hospital-wide surveillance, the five most commonly reported pathogens were Escherichia coli (13.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.2%), enterococci (10.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.1%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (9.7%). The commonest pathogens reported by site included, bloodstream: coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. aureus, enterococci, E. coli, and Candida spp.; lower respiratory tract infection: S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.; surgical wound infection: S. aureus, enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci; and urinary tract infection: E. coli, enterococci, and P. aeruginosa. Among hospitals conducting intensive care unit (ICU) surveillance, the commonest pathogens were P. aeruginosa (12.4%), S. aureus (12.3%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (10.2%), Candida spp. (10.1%), Enterobacter spp. and enterococci (8.6% each). In the ICUs, the commonest pathogens found in the bloodstream were coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. aureus, and enterococci; in lower respiratory tract infections P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and enterococci; in surgical wound infections enterococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Enterobacter spp. and in urinary tract infections Candida spp., E. coli, enterococci, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. These data show that S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa remain important nosocomial pathogens, that coagulase-negative staphylococci, enterococci and C. albicans are pathogens of increasing importance, and that the distribution of pathogens differs by site and hospital location.
584 citations
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TL;DR: Patients with no history of transfusions were just as likely to be positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus as patients with transfusion-associated hepatitis, indicating that hepatitis Cirus is the major causative agent of all non-A, non-B hepatitis in the United States.
Abstract: The Centers for Disease Control conducted intensive surveillance for acute non-A, non-B hepatitis in four sentinel counties over a 7-year period. Testing for antibody to hepatitis C virus was performed with the newly developed enzyme immunoassay. The incidence of non-A, non-B hepatitis remained relatively stable (average, 7.1 cases per 100 000), but there were significant changes in disease transmission patterns. The proportion of patients with a history of blood transfusion declined from 17% to 6%, but the proportion with a history of parenteral drug use increased from 21% to 42%. The proportion of patients with histories of sexual exposure (6%), household exposure (3%), occupational exposure to blood (2%), or hemodialysis (0.6%) did not change over time. Antibody to hepatitis C virus was found in 45% of patients within 6 weeks of onset of illness and in 68% of patients followed up for at least 6 months. Patients with no history of transfusions were just as likely to be positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus as patients with transfusion-associated hepatitis, indicating that hepatitis C virus is the major causative agent of all non-A, non-B hepatitis in the United States. ( JAMA . 1990;264:2231-2235)
583 citations
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TL;DR: Children with special health care needs with autism spectrum disorder are significantly more likely to have problems regarding access to care and unmet needs, and their families have greater financial, employment, and time burdens compared with other children with specialhealth care needs.
Abstract: We sought to examine the health care experiences of children with autism spectrum disorder and the impact of autism spectrum disorder on the family and to assess whether having a medical home is associated with less family impact.
583 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence that environmental pollutants at levels currently encountered in New York City adversely affect fetal development is provided.
Abstract: Inner-city, minority populations are high-risk groups for adverse birth outcomes and also are more likely to be exposed to environmental contaminants, including environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and pesticides. In a sample of 263 nonsmoking African-American and Dominican women, we evaluated the effects on birth outcomes of prenatal exposure to airborne PAHs monitored during pregnancy by personal air sampling, along with ETS estimated by plasma cotinine, and an organophosphate pesticide (OP) estimated by plasma chlorpyrifos (CPF). Plasma CPF was used as a covariate because it was the most often detected in plasma and was highly correlated with other pesticides frequently detected in plasma. Among African Americans, high prenatal exposure to PAHs was associated with lower birth weight (p = 0.003) and smaller head circumference (p = 0.01) after adjusting for potential confounders. CPF was associated with decreased birth weight and birth length overall (p = 0.01 and p = 0.003, respectively) and with lower birth weight among African Americans (p = 0.04) and reduced birth length in Dominicans (p < 0.001), and was therefore included as a covariate in the model with PAH. After controlling for CPF, relationships between PAHs and birth outcomes were essentially unchanged. In this analysis, PAHs and CPF appear to be significant independent determinants of birth outcomes. Further analyses of pesticides will be carried out. Possible explanations of the failure to find a significant effect of PAHs in the Hispanic subsample are discussed. This study provides evidence that environmental pollutants at levels currently encountered in New York City adversely affect fetal development.
583 citations
Authors
Showing all 58382 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Gordon J. Freeman | 164 | 579 | 105193 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Caroline S. Fox | 155 | 599 | 138951 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |