Institution
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Government•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 58238 authors who have published 82592 publications receiving 4405701 citations. The organization is also known as: CDC & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Topics: Population, Public health, Poison control, Vaccination, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The etiologic agents and food vehicles associated with the 7458 outbreaks of foodborne disease reported to the Centers for Disease Control between 1973 and 1987 were examined and bacterial pathogens accounted for 90% of deaths, with L. monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum having the highest death-to-case ratios.
552 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that increased physical activity is associated with reduced risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women, longer duration provides most benefit, and that such activity need not be strenuous.
Abstract: ContextWomen who are physically active have a decreased risk for breast cancer,
but the types, amounts, and timing of activity needed are unknown.ObjectiveTo prospectively examine the association between current and past recreational
physical activity and incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.Design, Setting, and PatientsProspective cohort study in 74 171 women aged 50 to 79 years who
were recruited by 40 US clinical centers from 1993 through 1998.Main Outcome MeasureIncident invasive and in situ breast cancer.ResultsWe documented 1780 newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer over a mean
follow-up of 4.7 years. Compared with less active women, women who engaged
in regular strenuous physical activity at age 35 years had a 14% decreased
risk of breast cancer (relative risk [RR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI],
0.78-0.95). Similar but attenuated findings were observed for strenuous physical
activity at ages 18 years and 50 years. An increasing total current physical
activity score was associated with a reduced risk for breast cancer (P = .03 for trend). Women who engaged in the equivalent
of 1.25 to 2.5 hours per week of brisk walking had an 18% decreased risk of
breast cancer (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97) compared with inactive women.
Slightly greater reduction in risk was observed for women who engaged in the
equivalent of 10 hours or more per week of brisk walking. The effect of exercise
was most pronounced in women in the lowest tertile of body mass index (BMI)
(<24.1), but also was observed for women in the middle tertile of BMI (24.1-28.4).ConclusionsThese data suggest that increased physical activity is associated with
reduced risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women, longer duration provides
most benefit, and that such activity need not be strenuous.
552 citations
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552 citations
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TL;DR: Efforts to lessen the amount of time that U.S. adults spend watching television or videos or using a computer, especially if coupled to increases in physical activity, could result in substantial decreases in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
Abstract: Objective: We examined the associations among physical activity, sedentary behavior, and metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of U.S. adults.
Research Methods and Procedures: A total of 1626 men and women ≥20 years old from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2000 who attended the morning examination were evaluated. The metabolic syndrome was defined by using the definition from the National Cholesterol Education Program.
Results: In unadjusted analysis, participants who did not engage in any moderate or vigorous physical activity during leisure time had almost twice the odds of having metabolic syndrome [odds ratio (OR), 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22 to 2.97] as those who reportedly engaged in ≥150 min/wk of such activity. Adjustment for age, sex, race or ethnicity, educational status, smoking status, and alcohol use attenuated the OR (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.87 to 2.45). Compared with participants who watched television or videos or used a computer <1 h/d outside of work, the adjusted ORs for having metabolic syndrome were 1.41 (95% CI 0.80 to 2.51) for 1 h/d, 1.37 (95% CI 0.85 to 2.20) for 2 h/d, 1.70 (95% CI 0.92 to 3.14) for 3 h/d, and 2.10 (95% CI 1.27 to 3.47) for ≥4 h/d. Additional adjustment for physical activity or sedentary behavior minimally affected the ORs.
Discussion: Sedentary behavior is an important potential determinant of the prevalence of the syndrome. Efforts to lessen the amount of time that U.S. adults spend watching television or videos or using a computer, especially if coupled to increases in physical activity, could result in substantial decreases in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
550 citations
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TL;DR: Large clinicalpathologic studies will be necessary to determine whether TF is a useful marker for the “switch to the angiogenic phenotype” in human breast disease and/or correlates with the thromboembolic complications of breast cancer.
Abstract: Expression of tissue factor (TF) in the endothelium has been observed only rarely in human disease and has been thought to be elaborated on the surface of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in vitro as an artifact of tissue culture. Using monoclonal antibodies and a novel probe for functional TF, we have localized TF to the VECs (and tumor cells) within the tumors of seven patients with invasive breast cancer but not in the VECs (or tumor cells) of benign tumors from ten patients with fibrocystic disease of the breast. The potent procoagulant TF was shown to be a marker of the initiation of angiogenesis in human breast cancer. Further evidence that the TF was the demonstration of a similar distribution of cross–linked fibrin only in the VECs of the malignant tumors. We interpret these data as further support for the concept that tumor cells can activate nearby VECs and regulate blood vessel growth in vivo. Large clinicalpathologic studies will be necessary to determine whether TF is a useful marker for the “switch to the angiogenic phenotype” in human breast disease and/or correlates with the thromboembolic complications of breast cancer.
550 citations
Authors
Showing all 58382 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Gordon J. Freeman | 164 | 579 | 105193 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Caroline S. Fox | 155 | 599 | 138951 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |