Institution
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Government•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 58238 authors who have published 82592 publications receiving 4405701 citations. The organization is also known as: CDC & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Topics: Population, Public health, Poison control, Vaccination, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Oxford1, University of Washington2, National Institutes of Health3, Los Alamos National Laboratory4, Santa Fe Institute5, University of Alabama at Birmingham6, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention7, Swedish Institute8, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS9, University of Nottingham10, Northwestern University11
TL;DR: A clear and consistent genetic classification of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) strains continues to be of great utility in epidemiological tracking of the AIDS pandemic and in vaccine design.
Abstract: A clear and consistent genetic classification of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) strains continues to be of great utility in epidemiological tracking of the AIDS pandemic and in vaccine design. It also provides a foundation for detecting any biological differences that may have evolved
977 citations
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TL;DR: A case–control study of health care workers with occupational, percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood showed that significant risk factors for seroconversion were deep injury, injury with a device that was visibly contaminated with the source patient's blood, and a procedure inv...
Abstract: Background The average risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection after percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood is 0.3 percent, but the factors that influence this risk are not well understood. Methods We conducted a case–control study of health care workers with occupational, percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood. The case patients were those who became seropositive after exposure to HIV, as reported by national surveillance systems in France, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The controls were health care workers in a prospective surveillance project who were exposed to HIV but did not seroconvert. Results Logistic-regression analysis based on 33 case patients and 665 controls showed that significant risk factors for seroconversion were deep injury (odds ratio = 15; 95 percent confidence interval, 6.0 to 41), injury with a device that was visibly contaminated with the source patient's blood (odds ratio = 6.2; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.2 to 21), a procedure inv...
976 citations
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TL;DR: Nosocomial infections in MS ICUs at the most frequent infection sites (bloodstream, urinary, and respiratory tract) almost always were associated with use of an invasive device.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the epidemiology of nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical (MS) intensive care units (ICUs) participating in the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) System. Design: Analysis of surveillance data on 498,998 patients with 1,554,070 patient-days, collected between 1992 and 1998 from 205 MS ICUs following the NNIS Intensive Care Unit protocol, representing 152 participating NNIS hospitals in the United States. Results: Infections at three major sites represented 68% of all reported infections (nosocomial pneumonia, 31%; urinary tract infections (UTIs), 23%; and primary bloodstream infections (BSIs), 14%: 83% of episodes of nosocomial pneumonia were associated with mechanical ventilation, 97% of UTIs occurred in catheterized patients, and 87% of primary BSIs in patients with a central line. In patients with primary BSIs, coagulase-negative staphylococci (39%) were the most common pathogens reported; Staphylococcus aureus (12%) was as frequently reported as enterococci (11%). Coagulase-negative staphylococcal BSIs were increasingly reported over the 6 years, but no increase was seen in candidemia or enterococcal bacteremia. In patients with pneumonia, S aureus (17%) was the most frequently reported isolate. Of reported isolates, 59% were gram-negative bacilli. In patients with UTIs, Escherichia coli (19%) was the most frequently reported isolate. Of reported isolates, 31% were fungi. In patients with surgical-site infections, Enterococcus (17%) was the single most frequently reported pathogen. Device-associated nosocomial infection rates for BSIs, pneumonia, and UTIs did not correlate with length of ICU stay, hospital bed size, number of beds in die ICU, or season. Combined MS ICUs in major teaching hospitals had higher device-associated infection rates compared to all other hospitals with combined medical-surgical units. Conclusions: Nosocomial infections in MS ICUs at the most frequent infection sites (bloodstream, urinary, and respiratory tract) almost always were associated with use of an invasive device. Device-associated infection rates were die best available comparative rates between combined MS ICUs, but the distribution of device-associated rates should be stratified by a hospital's major teaching affiliation status.
975 citations
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TL;DR: Compared with other health problems, the burden of child maltreatment is substantial, indicating the importance of prevention efforts to address the high prevalence ofChild maltreatment.
974 citations
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TL;DR: The use of assisted reproductive technology accounts for a disproportionate number of low-birth-weight and very-low-Birth-weight infants in the United States, in part because of absolute increases in multiple gestations and in partBecause of higher rates of low birth weight among singleton infants conceived with this technology.
Abstract: Background The increased risk of low birth weight associated with the use of assisted reproductive technology has been attributed largely to the higher rate of multiple gestations associated with such technology. It is uncertain, however, whether singleton infants conceived with the use of assisted reproductive technology may also have a higher risk of low birth weight than those who are conceived spontaneously. Methods We used population-based data to compare the rates of low birth weight (≤2500 g) and very low birth weight (<1500 g) among infants conceived with assisted reproductive technology with the rates in the general population. Results We studied 42,463 infants who were born in 1996 and 1997 and conceived with assisted reproductive technology and used as a comparison group 3,389,098 infants born in the United States in 1997. Among singleton infants born at 37 weeks of gestation or later, those conceived with assisted reproductive technology had a risk of low birth weight that was 2.6 times that i...
973 citations
Authors
Showing all 58382 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Didier Raoult | 173 | 3267 | 153016 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Gordon J. Freeman | 164 | 579 | 105193 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Caroline S. Fox | 155 | 599 | 138951 |
Paul Elliott | 153 | 773 | 103839 |