scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

GovernmentAtlanta, Georgia, United States
About: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 58238 authors who have published 82592 publications receiving 4405701 citations. The organization is also known as: CDC & Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A genetic algorithm is used, Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production (GARP), to determine the ecological niche of Ae.
Abstract: Aedes albopictus, commonly known as the Asian tiger mosquito, is currently the most invasive mosquito in the world. It is of medical importance due to its aggressive daytime human-biting behavior and ability to vector many viruses, including dengue, LaCrosse, and West Nile. Invasions into new areas of its potential range are often initiated through the transportation of eggs via the international trade in used tires. We use a genetic algorithm, Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production (GARP), to determine the ecological niche of Ae. albopictus and predict a global ecological risk map for the continued spread of the species. We combine this analysis with risk due to importation of tires from infested countries and their proximity to countries that have already been invaded to develop a list of countries most at risk for future introductions and establishments. Methods used here have potential for predicting risks of future invasions of vectors or pathogens.

924 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Urgent efforts are warranted to ensure delivery of services that, if deferred, could result in patient harm during the COVID-19 pandemic, and persons experiencing a medical emergency should seek and be provided care without delay.
Abstract: Temporary disruptions in routine and nonemergency medical care access and delivery have been observed during periods of considerable community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). However, medical care delay or avoidance might increase morbidity and mortality risk associated with treatable and preventable health conditions and might contribute to reported excess deaths directly or indirectly related to COVID-19 (2). To assess delay or avoidance of urgent or emergency and routine medical care because of concerns about COVID-19, a web-based survey was administered by Qualtrics, LLC, during June 24-30, 2020, to a nationwide representative sample of U.S. adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, an estimated 40.9% of U.S. adults have avoided medical care during the pandemic because of concerns about COVID-19, including 12.0% who avoided urgent or emergency care and 31.5% who avoided routine care. The estimated prevalence of urgent or emergency care avoidance was significantly higher among the following groups: unpaid caregivers for adults* versus noncaregivers (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.9); persons with two or more selected underlying medical conditions† versus those without those conditions (aPR = 1.9); persons with health insurance versus those without health insurance (aPR = 1.8); non-Hispanic Black (Black) adults (aPR = 1.6) and Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) adults (aPR = 1.5) versus non-Hispanic White (White) adults; young adults aged 18-24 years versus adults aged 25-44 years (aPR = 1.5); and persons with disabilities§ versus those without disabilities (aPR = 1.3). Given this widespread reporting of medical care avoidance because of COVID-19 concerns, especially among persons at increased risk for severe COVID-19, urgent efforts are warranted to ensure delivery of services that, if deferred, could result in patient harm. Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, persons experiencing a medical emergency should seek and be provided care without delay (3).

922 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The proportion of the population aged < 55 years with mild or moderate COPD, on the basis of pulmonary function testing, decreased from 1971-1975 to 1988-1994, possibly indicating that the upward trends in COPD hospitalizations and mortality might not continue.
Abstract: PROBLEM/CONDITION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema but has been defined recently as the physiologic finding of nonreversible pulmonary function impairment. This surveillance summary reports trends in different measures of COPD during 1971-2000. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED This report presents national data regarding objectively determined COPD (1971-1994); COPD-associated activity and functional limitations (1980-1996); self-reported COPD prevalence, COPD physician office and hospital outpatient department visits, COPD hospitalizations, and COPD deaths (1980-2000); and COPD emergency department visits (1992-2000). DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS CDC's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts the National Health Interview Survey annually, which includes questions concerning COPD and activity limitations. NCHS collects physician office-visit data in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, emergency department and hospital outpatient department data in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, hospitalization data in the National Hospital Discharge Survey, and death data in the Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System. Data regarding pulmonary function were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) I (1971-1975) and III (1988-1994), and data regarding functional limitation were obtained from NHANES III, Phase 2 (1991-1994). RESULTS During 2000, an estimated 10 million U.S. adults reported physician-diagnosed COPD. However, data from NHANES III estimate that approximately 24 million U.S. adults have evidence of impaired lung function, indicating that COPD is underdiagnosed. During 2000, COPD was responsible for 8 million physician office and hospital outpatient visits, 1.5 million emergency department visits, 726,000 hospitalizations, and 119,000 deaths. During the period analyzed, the most substantial changes was the increase in the COPD death rate for women, from 20.1/100,000 in 1980 to 56.7/100,000 in 2000, compared with the more modest increase in the death rate for men, from 73.0/100,000 in 1980 to 82.6/100,000 in 2000. In 2000, for the first time, the number of women dying from COPD surpassed the number of men dying from COPD (59,936 versus 59,118). Another substantial change observed is that the proportion of the population aged < 55 years with mild or moderate COPD, on the basis of pulmonary function testing, decreased from 1971-1975 to 1988-1994, possibly indicating that the upward trends in COPD hospitalizations and mortality might not continue. INTERPRETATION COPD is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability in the United States. Despite its ease of diagnosis, COPD remains an underdiagnosed disease, chiefly in its milder and more treatable form.

922 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: By the early 1930s tuberculin skin testing had become a method for screening apparently healthy persons for infection with M. tuberculosis and evidence accumulated that not all reactions to purified protein derivative were positive.
Abstract: nounced the discovery of a cure for tuberculosis. The cure consisted of giving patients subcutaneous doses of tuberculin, a brownish, transparent liquid obtained from culture filtrates of MWcobacterium tuberculosis. This treatment caused a febrile reaction within 4 or 5 hours. In most cases, the fever was accompanied by vomiting, rigors, and other constitutional symptoms. Koch reported that the administration of increasing daily doses of tuberculin resulted in the rapid healing of mild cases of tuberculosis and in slow, progressive improvement in more serious cases [1]. Patients who did not have tuberculosis experienced slight pains in the limbs and transient fatigue when injected with tuberculin. Less than a year after the announcement, Koch's tuberculin was disproved as a cure for consumption [1]. Koch did not realize that he had discovered what would become one of the most widely used diagnostic tests ever developed. The observation of different responses to tuberculin in patients with and without tuberculosis led to the development of new methods of administering the antigen. The use of these new methods eliminated systemic symptoms but caused a local reaction at the injection site. Various methods of administration were tested, including the Pirquet cutaneous test, the Moro percutaneous patch test, the Mantoux intracutaneous test, and the Calmette conjunctival test [1]. The first three methods remain in use. By the early 1930s tuberculin skin testing had become a method for screening apparently healthy persons for infection with M. tuberculosis. At that time it was common practice to give a series of four or five graded doses of tuberculin before excluding the possibility of tuberculous infection. As the use of the tuberculin skin test increased, evidence accumulated that not all reactions to purified protein derivative

919 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A large fraction of heroin users now report that they formerly used prescription opioids nonmedically, a finding that has led to restrictions on opioid prescribing, but only a small fraction of prescription-opioid users move on to heroin use.
Abstract: A large fraction of heroin users now report that they formerly used prescription opioids nonmedically, a finding that has led to restrictions on opioid prescribing. Nevertheless, only a small fraction of prescription-opioid users move on to heroin use.

915 citations


Authors

Showing all 58382 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Graham A. Colditz2611542256034
David J. Hunter2131836207050
Bernard Rosner1901162147661
Richard Peto183683231434
Aaron R. Folsom1811118134044
Didier Raoult1733267153016
James F. Sallis169825144836
David R. Jacobs1651262113892
Steven N. Blair165879132929
Gordon J. Freeman164579105193
Dennis R. Burton16468390959
Rory Collins162489193407
Ali H. Mokdad156634160599
Caroline S. Fox155599138951
Paul Elliott153773103839
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
University of Maryland, Baltimore
64.7K papers, 2.9M citations

90% related

Emory University
122.4K papers, 6M citations

89% related

University of Alabama at Birmingham
86.7K papers, 3.9M citations

89% related

University of Colorado Denver
57.2K papers, 2.5M citations

89% related

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
185.3K papers, 9.9M citations

88% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202327
2022254
20215,505
20205,426
20194,527
20184,344