Showing papers by "Central Drug Research Institute published in 1985"
TL;DR: The increase in permeability of blood-brain barrier could be correlated to the lipid solubility of alcohols and this effect was concentration-dependent.
44 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that histamine increases the permeability of BBB by affecting H2-receptors linked to adenylate cyclase by affecting histaminergic mechanisms in the regulation of blood-brain barrier.
30 citations
TL;DR: A new constituent characterized as 8-acetyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethylchroman has been isolated together with alloevodionol-7-methyl ether, 4-methoxy -1-methyl-2(1H)quinolinone, evolitrine, isoevoderionol and its methyl ether from the aerial parts of Euodia lunu-ankenda as mentioned in this paper.
30 citations
TL;DR: A new lignan characterised as (-)-4-hydroxy-2,6-di-(4′-hydrox-3′-methoxy)phenyl-3,7-dioxabicyclo-(330)octane along with n -10-nonacosanol, scopoletin, syringic acid, β-sitosterol and its glucoside, has been isolated from the aerial parts of Lonicera hypoleuca as mentioned in this paper.
25 citations
TL;DR: A new aporphine base characterized as O-methylcorydine-N-oxide together with berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine and oxyacanthine has been isolated from Berberis chitria.
23 citations
TL;DR: The antiviral effect of homœopathic drugs against two animal viruses, Chicken Embryo Virus of fowls and Simliki Forest Virus, causing encephalitis and death in mice were investigated.
19 citations
TL;DR: In addition to sitosterol and taraxerone, a new substituted 1,2-diarylethane, gigantol has been isolated from Cymbidium giganteum.
19 citations
TL;DR: The qualitatively different effects of the hormone in the two groups increased progressively with hormone concentration and duration of pre-incubation, and Na++K+- and Ca2+-stimulated enzyme activities were significantly decreased in diabetic rats in comparison to normal animals.
Abstract: Thein vitro effect of porcine insulin on Na++K+-, Ca2+- and Mg2+-ATPases of the rat erythrocyte membrane of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Na++K+- and Ca2+-stimulated enzyme activities were significantly decreased in diabetic rats in comparison to normal animals. The specific activities of both these ATPases in the latter group were markedly reduced on pre-incubating the ghosts with insulin. Similar treatment of the erythrocyte membranes of diabetic animals, however, resulted in a significant increase of these activities. These qualitatively different effects of the hormone in the two groups increased progressively with hormone concentration and duration of pre-incubation. Mg2+-stimulated ATPase activity was not significantly affected in diabetes or by insulin.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new meliacin related to salannin was isolated from the leaves of Azadirachta indica and characterized as 2′,3′-dehydrosalannol on the basis of its spectral data.
15 citations
TL;DR: Caramyloxyphosphatidylcholines of the type 1-C16:0-2-(CnH2n+1NHCOO)-PC exhibit similar metastable polymorphism, suggesting that the sphingosine backbone is not a prerequisite for this type of metastability of sphingolipids.
14 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that intravenous administration of hypertonic saline causes marked haemodynamic changes and increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier due to transient impairment of autoregulation.
TL;DR: Alloxan induced diabetes in rats was associated with a significant reduction in the acetylcholine esterase activity of the erythrocyte membrane, with the effect being more marked in the latter group.
Abstract: Alloxan induced diabetes in rats was associated with a significant reduction in the acetylcholine esterase activity of the erythrocyte membrane. Preincubation of these membranes with insulin caused a rapid but transient stimulation of this enzyme activity in both normal and diabetic rats, the effect being more marked in the latter group.
TL;DR: In 10 healthy but infertile men, semen analysis and urinary vasopressin levels were evaluated and correlated and it appears that higher levels of vasopressingin are associated with aspermia and oligozoospermia.
Abstract: In 10 healthy but infertile men, semen analysis and urinary vasopressin levels were evaluated and correlated. A significant correlation was observed between sperm count and urinary vasopressin (r -0.86). Similar correlation was seen between sperm motility and urinary vasopressin (r -0.83). It thus appears that higher levels of vasopressin are associated with aspermia and oligozoospermia.
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical ionization induced reactions in certain chlorine-containing aryl-substituted alkyl nitriles have been studied using different reagent gases including ND3 and CD4 and with the help of collisional activation spectra.
Abstract: The chemical ionization (CI) induced reactions in certain chlorine-containing aryl-substituted alkyl nitriles have been studied using different reagent gases including ND3 and CD4 and with the help of collisional activation spectra. A few fragmentations can be explained only on the basis of protonation of or electrophilic attachment to neutral products formed in the CI source. A detailed investigation of the unusual dehalogenation and dehydrohalogenation reactions occurring in some of these molecules has shown that radical-induced cyclization processes give rise to these ions.
TL;DR: Purified brush border membrane of Cotugnia digonopora showed the presence of a number of phosphohydrolases; whereas the enzyme was activated by Ca++ and Mg++ in an additive manner, its sensitivity to ouabain was negligible and in the absence of EDTA the enzyme activity was quite significant.
TL;DR: Results suggest that in M. natalensis during experimental filariasis, there is proliferation of hepatic cells with normal content of endoplasmic reticulum and there appears to be selective toxicity for hepatic cytochrome P450 and related monooxygenase activities.
TL;DR: The immobilized cell preparation could be used 50 times over a period of 100 days without loss of activity, however, the activity declined in further reuses, leaving the preparation 50 and 35% active after its 60th and 70th uses, respectively.
Abstract: The yeast cells of Pichia farinosa Y-118 were immobilized in polyacrylamide gel and used for 17 β-oxidoreduction of secondione to secol. The loss of hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase activity of cells was found to be insignificant during immobilization. The preparation exhibited greater temperature stability as compared to free cells. The ratio of reaction volume to the volume of immobilized biocatalyst in the range 1.4−1.9 was found to be satisfactory for the reaction conditions studied. This ratio played a significant role in the stability of the catalyst particle, since beyond a critical value the disintegration of gel granules was rapid resulting in sharp decline of activity. The immobilized cell preparation could be used 50 times over a period of 100 days without loss of activity. However, the activity declined in further reuses, leaving the preparation 50 and 35% active after its 60th and 70th uses, respectively.
TL;DR: Antibodies have been used as probe to detect cloned genes coding for toxin and surface antigens of Vibrio cholerae El Tor strain KB207 and produced a halo around positive clones.
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative abundances of [M]−˙ and [M+halide]− ions were analyzed in the case of positive and negative ion spectra of certain E- and Z-1,2,3-triaryl-2propen-1-ones.
Abstract: Stereospecific adduct ion formation has been observed in the chemical ionization mass spectra (positive and negative) of certain E- and Z-1,2,3-triaryl-2-propen-1-ones. The Z isomers are found to give higher relative abundances of adduct ions than the E isomers. This has been interpreted in terms of the differences in the proton affinities of the isomers originating from their different degrees of enone resonance. Halide ion (CI− and Br−) attachment spectra of these compounds also show stereochemical differences in the relative abundances of [M]−˙ and [M+halide]− ions, though the effect is not as pronounced as in the case of the positive ion spectra.
TL;DR: Results show that epinephrine and norepinephrine inhibit islet-IRI release at the 100-10 microM level, which clearly suggests that epi-adrenergic inhibition of insulin release via alpha- adrenergic pathway.
TL;DR: The results of the present study indicate that ML-ELISA test is suitable for early diagnosis of acute amoebic patients for timely treatment.
Abstract: Multilayer ELISA (ML-ELISA) method for Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite coproantigen was developed for diagnosis of amoebiasis and its usefulness vis-a-vis, microscopic examination analysed for paired specimens from 87 patients from Lucknow and Hyderabad, India. All the stool specimens positive for trophozoites were also found to be positive in ML-ELISA. Out of a total 32 samples positive for cysts in microscopy 21 (65.62%) gave positive reactions for coproantigen. Results on 26 samples drawn from otherwise healthy subjects with negative microscopical picture, 4 were positive for coproantigen. The results of the present study indicate that ML-ELISA test is suitable for early diagnosis of acute amoebic patients for timely treatment.
TL;DR: The electron impact and chemical ionization (CI) spectra of TAPs have been studied in detail with the help of exact mass measurements, deuterium labelling and metastable data as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The electron impact (EI) and chemical ionization (CI) mass spectra of certain 1,2,3-triaryl-2-propen-1-ones (TAPs) have been studied in detail with the help of exact mass measurements, deuterium labelling and metastable data. The E- and Z-isomeric pairs do not show any difference in their behaviour under EI or CH4 CI conditions. EI-induced rearangement reactions in the TAPs include aryl migration to carbonium ion centres. A study of the metastable transitions reveals aryl group interchange in the molecular ions prior to fragmentation. Under EI conditions loss of arene involves either C(2) or C(3) aryl groups while under CI conditions the C(1) aryl is lost as a neutral arene molecule. Mechanisms for the different fragmentation modes are given.
TL;DR: In this paper, four fatty acid glycosides, designated dichrosides A, B, C, and D, have been isolated from Ipomoea dichroa (family, Convolvulaceae).
TL;DR: The nucleophilic substitution reaction under NH3 chemical ionization (CI) conditions in cis- and trans-1,2-dihydroxybenzosuberans (1,4) has been studied with the help of ND3 CI and metastable data as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The nucleophilic substitution reaction under NH3 chemical ionization (CI) conditions in cis- and trans-1,2-dihydroxybenzosuberans (1–4) has been studied with the help of ND3 CI and metastable data. The results indicate that in the parent diols 1 (cis) and 2 (trans), the substitution ion [MsH]+, is produced mainly by the loss of H2O from the [MNH4]+ ion (SNi reaction) while in their 7-methoxy derivatives 3 and 4, the ion-molecule reaction between [MOH]+ and NH3 seems to be the major pathway for the formation of [MsH]+. The substitution ion from 1 and 2 and the [MH]+ ion from trans-1-amino-2-hydroxybenzosuberan give similar collision-induced dissociation mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectra. Interestingly, their diacetates do not undergo the substitution reaction.
TL;DR: Oxidative deamination of various biogenic monoamines by Ascaridia galli monoamine oxidase was blocked by different mammalian MAO inhibitors, namely, iproniazid, trans-PcP, nialamide and pargyline and the blockade was observed to be time as well as concentration dependent.
Abstract: Oxidative deamination of various biogenic monoamines by Ascaridia galli monoamine oxidase (MAO) was blocked by different mammalian MAO inhibitors, namely, iproniazid, trans-PcP, nialamide and pargyline and the blockade was observed to be time as well as concentration dependent. The binding of inhibitors with chick ascarid MAO was of the irreversible type and the nature of the inhibition was competitive. Pargyline showed lowest I50 (8 microM) and Ki (12 microM) values. Chlorgyline and deprenyl at 100 microM concentration inhibited MAO by about 60 and 40% respectively, indicating the presence of both type A and type B MAO in A. galli.
TL;DR: In this paper, aryl-substituted nitrocyclohexenes have been shown to favor benzylic anion formation in the gas phase and Anchimeric assistance by neighbouring phenyl groups and the effect of olefinic functions have a significant influence on the stability of the carbanions.
Abstract: Chloride ion chemical ionization studies of some aryl-substituted nitrocyclohexenes have demonstrated that benzylic anion formation is favoured in the gas phase. Anchimeric assistance by neighbouring phenyl groups and the effect of olefinic functions have a significant influence on the stability of the carbanions.
TL;DR: Analysis of subcellular fractions revealed that the concentration of zinc was maximum in the microsomal fraction, and the possible significance of this trace metal as a constituent of membrane proteins and enzymes, and as an activator of mitochondrial function in testis, is discussed.
Abstract: The zinc content in the testis of sexually immature, adult, and efferent duct-ligated adult rhesus monkeys was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Zinc content (μg/g wet wt) was found to be high in adult testis (165.9) when compared to immature (68.9) or efferent duct-ligated (104.2) animals. Analysis of subcellular fractions revealed that the concentration of zinc (expressed in relation to protein) was maximum in the microsomal fraction. The possible significance of this trace metal as a constituent of membrane proteins and enzymes, and as an activator of mitochondrial function in testis, is discussed.
TL;DR: The investigation of different developmental stages of N. brasiliensis revealed a marked higher level of protein kinase activity in the L4 larvae compared to L3 larvae and adults, and the activity of the high-molecular-weight phosvitin kinase was effectively inhibited by suramin and heparin.
Abstract: The presence of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and phosvitin kinases, with activity independent of cyclic nucleotides, was shown in the intestinal nematodeNippostrongylus brasiliensis. The activity of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase was found to be enhanced about 8-fold in the presence of 10−7 M cyclic AMP; the apparent Km values were determined to be 20 μM and 80 μM for ATP and kemptide, respectively. The molecular weight of the holoenzyme was about 170000. Two phosvitin kinases could be isolated and distinguished by their molecular weights of 600000 and 40000. The activity of the high-molecular-weight phosvitin kinase was effectively inhibited by suramin and heparin. The apparent Km values were found to be 30 μM and 0.1 mg/ml for ATP and phosvitin, respectively. In the case of the low-molecular-weight phosvitin kinase the apparent Km values for ATP and phosvitin were found to be 30 μM and 0.6 mg/ml, respectively. The investigation of different developmental stages ofN. brasiliensis revealed a marked higher level of protein kinase activity in the L4 larvae compared to L3 larvae and adults.
TL;DR: Results clearly indicate that Centchroman treatment up to 1 year does not affect the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in female rhesus monkeys.