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Institution

Central Economics and Mathematics Institute

FacilityMoscow, Russia
About: Central Economics and Mathematics Institute is a facility organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Foreign-exchange reserves. The organization has 297 authors who have published 580 publications receiving 6449 citations. The organization is also known as: Federal State Institution of Science Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.


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Journal ArticleDOI
09 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the reasons for the superior performance of East Asia in containing the human and economic costs of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, showing that the East Asian model is based on solidarity and priority of collective interests over individual interests, whereas the Western model emphasizes competition and guarantees of individual rights.
Abstract: The article examines the reasons for the superior performance of East Asia in containing the human and economic costs of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. The East Asian model is based on solidarity and priority of collective interests over individual interests, whereas the Western model emphasizes competition and guarantees of individual rights. The quantifiable characteristics that allow to draw a distinction between the two models are income and wealth inequalities, property and control over corporations, institutional capacity of the state (measured as homicide rate and the size of shadow economy), and trust in the government. Because of the East Asian model’s superiority in these respects, both the number of infections and the mortality rates from COVID-19 in China and other East Asian countries were lower than in Western countries by two orders of magnitude. Besides, the 2020 economic crisis associated with the pandemic was much deeper in the West than in East Asia. These developments give new arguments in support of the views that East Asian economic and social model is more viable than the Western model. Continued rise of East Asia and proliferation of East Asian model in the developing world will lead to profound changes in the world economic order. В статье рассматриваются причины лучшей социальной и экономической динамики Восточной Азии в ходе пандемии COVID-19 2020 г. – более низких смертности и заболеваемости и меньшего падения производства. Восточноазиатская модель основывается на солидарности и приоритете коллективных интересов над индивидуальными, тогда как западная делает акцент на конкуренции и гарантиях индивидуальных прав. Среди измеряемых характеристик, которые позволяют сопоставить две модели: неравенство в распределении доходов и богатства, концентрация собственности и контроля над корпорациями, институциональный потенциал государства (измеряемый уровнем убийств и масштабами теневой экономики) и уровень доверия к правительству. Благодаря превосходству восточноазиатской модели по этим параметрам, как число случаев заражения, так и уровень вызванной вирусом COVID-19 летальности в Китае и других восточноазиатских странах оказался на два порядка ниже, чем в западных странах. Кроме того, связанный с пандемией 2020 г. экономический кризис в западных странах был гораздо глубже, чем в Восточной Азии. Такое развитие событий дает новые аргументы в пользу точки зрения о том, что восточноазиатская экономическая и социальная модель более жизнеспособна, чем западная. Продолжение подъема Восточной Азии и распространение восточноазиатской модели в развивающихся странах приведет к глубоким изменениям глобального экономического порядка.

3 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new approach is proposed for research on existing and potential international conflicts at the global and local levels, based on economic, social, demographic, environmental, and political factors of instability.
Abstract: This chapter is devoted to the urgent problem of forecasting conflicts on the basis of economics and mathematical models. A new approach is proposed for research on existing and potential international conflicts at the global and local levels, based on economic, social, demographic, environmental, and political factors of instability. At the global level, the analysis is based on major features of the main civilizations and on indicators of environmental tension, particularly in the relations between West European (Mediterranean) and Islamic (Arab) civilizations; Islamic (Turkic) and Eastern Christian civilizations; and Eastern Christian countries and the People’s Republic of China. A method is described for predicting conflicts on the basis of estimation, modeling, and comparison of military capital. At the local level, characteristics are given of the local conflicts in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and the model of dynamics and procedure for settling armed conflicts with the help of a regional leader. The results, which are based on economic data, permit a deeper understanding of geopolitical and environmental processes. On this basis we develop recommendations aimed at preventing conflicts.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide several elimination procedures that stem from the methods of voting by veto (Peleg, 1978; Moulin, 1983), which are used to construct direct mechanisms with values in the core of a given blocking (core mechanisms) and to arrive at states that are simultaneously strong Nash equilibria for all core mechanisms.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided evidence from cross-regional comparisons that the Russian mortality crisis was caused mostly by stress factors (increased unemployment, labor turnover, migration, divorces, income inequalities), and by the increase in unnatural deaths (murders, suicides, accidents).
Abstract: This paper provides evidence from cross-regional comparisons that the Russian mortality crisis (mortality rate increased from 1.0% to 1.6% in 1989-94 and stayed at a level of 1.4-1.6% thereafter) was caused mostly by stress factors (increased unemployment, labor turnover, migration, divorces, income inequalities), and by the increase in unnatural deaths (murders, suicides, accidents), but not so much by the increase in alcohol consumption (even though it also increased due to the same stress factors). Health infrastructure of a region had a positive impact on life expectancy only in regions with high income inequalities (large share of highest income group).

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the evolution of honesty norms in a society, based on the hypothesis that hiring or firing strategies chosen by firms may affect honesty: if it becomes common knowledge in the society that being honest is better for workers than cheating employers, then the share of opportunists gradually go down.
Abstract: The evolution of honesty norms in a society is studied. Our approach is based on the hypothesis that hiring or firing strategies chosen by firms may affect honesty: if it becomes common knowledge in the society that being honest is better for workers than cheating employers, then the share of opportunists gradually go down. It is shown that different hiring strategies are rational under different honesty standards. If honesty is not a prevailing social norm and volumes of appropriated rent may by high enough, then firms are better off to stimulate honest behavior by increasing wages. For a relatively honest society, firing cheaters is the best strategy. If honesty standards are intermediate or citizens are too impatient, ignorance of cheating may be rational. Therefore one observes three possible patterns of honesty evolution: honesty norms may either descend to critically low level or stabilize at some point or rise and fall cyclically. We prove that honesty standard rises as losses from dishonest behavior or hiring cost increase, honesty standard falls as rent appropriation opportunities expand or citizens get more impatient, and high expectations of economic growth promote honesty.

3 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202310
202215
202139
202051
201942
201831