Central Economics and Mathematics Institute

About: Central Economics and Mathematics Institute is a facility organization based out in Moscow, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Foreign-exchange reserves. The organization has 297 authors who have published 580 publications receiving 6449 citations. The organization is also known as: Federal State Institution of Science Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Is Chinese Variety of Capitalism Really Unique

Abstract: The formal comparison of similarities and differences of Chinese and Western economic models misses the most important point. The uniqueness of China is that it looks very much like a developed country today in terms of institutional capacity of the state, even though it is a developing country according to GDP per capita. Indeed, China should be compared with developing countries today or developed countries a hundred years ago, when their GDP was at the current Chinese level, and this comparison is very much in favour of China. Institutional capacity of the state, according to a narrow definition, is the ability of the government to enforce laws and regulations. While there are a lot of subjective indices (corruption, rule of law, government effectiveness, etc.) that are supposed to measure state institutional capacity, many researchers do not think they help to explain economic performance and instead consider them biased. The natural objective measures of state institutional capacity are the murder rate (noncompliance with the state’s monopoly on violence) and the shadow economy (non-compliance with the economic regulations). China is rather unique on both measures – one of the lowest indicators in the developing world comparable to developed countries.

Investment Performance Predictions in the Digitization of Nuclear Energy

Abstract: The article proposes an analytical method for predicting the efficiency of investments in the digitalization of the design, construction and operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) at the microeconomic level, the costs of which ultimately affect the economic indicators of nuclear power plants that determine the competitiveness of nuclear energy in the energy technology market. As a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of investments in the digitalization of nuclear energy, it is proposed to consider the reduction in the cost and timing of the construction of nuclear power plants, which have the greatest impact on the competitiveness of nuclear power plants. The results of calculating the present value of NPP electricity, the investment payback period and the internal rate of return, depending on the observed delays and the corresponding growth in the cost of NPP construction, demonstrate reserves for their reduction due to the digitalization of business processes in the NPP life cycle.

Towards a General Theory of Bond Markets

Abstract: The main purpose of the paper is to provide a mathematical background for the theory of bond markets similar to that available for stock markets. We suggest two constructions of stochastic integrals with respect to processes taking values in a space of continuous functions. Such integrals are used to define the evolution of the value of a portfolio of bonds corresponding to a trading strategy which is a measure- valued predictable process. The existence of an equivalent martingale measure is discussed and HJM-type conditions are derived for a jump-diffusion model. The question of market completeness is considered as a problem of the range of a certain integral operator. We introduce a concept of approximate market completeness and show that a market is approximately complete if an equivalent martingale measure is unique.

More on independence systems

Abstract: The equivalence of the notions of independence systems and monotone boolean functions is proved. This result permits to establish some new connections between discrete analysis and discrete optimization. We discuss possible directions of research following from these connections. Some Questions connected with the reducibility of general in-dependence systems to threshold ones are also considered.

Human factor in the strategy of sustainable leadership of PJSC Gazprom

Abstract: Gazprom’s human capital (as HDI) is one of the most important resources of the corporation, which ensures its competitive strength in the Russian and international energy market. One of the main goals of PJSC Gazprom is the formation of a highly professional, responsible and cohesive team that effectively develops projects and solves a variety of tasks not only at the corporate level, but the country and the world. Therefore, the assessment of PJSC Gazprom staff readiness for the competition of the corporation in the domestic and external markets is relevant. Modeling the level of development of the enterprise’s human capital, based on the example of Gazprom corporation, according to certain indicators, determining their role in the development and competitiveness of the organization. To conduct the study, the works of scientists were analyzed, official data of the annual reports on the activities of PJSC Gazprom in the field of sustainable development for 2000-2018 were used. In order to assess the readiness of the corporation's human capital to sustainable development of the enterprise, a regression analysis and an econometric study were carried out using the MS Excel and Eviews10 application software packages. As a result of the study, it was found that a positive corporate human capital has a significant impact on competitiveness and an increase in the company’s value and the constructed model for assessing company’s human capital, based on the example of PJSC Gazprom, enables to make a forecast for the near future. Russia has occupied 49 place in the World Ranking (HDI = 0.824) in 2019 in terms of the level of development of the human capital according to the World Bank and has got into a very high level of development. Despite this fact, Russian HDI in World Ranking occupies only 46% against 70% of developed countries. World Bank experts claims, it will take Russia about 100 years to catch up with developed countries on this indicator. Russia does not have that kind of time, so the country has actively joined on every front. Obviously, the human capital of each corporation makes a certain contribution to changing the human capital of the country in one direction or another, and the human capital of PJSC Gazprom is able to significantly increase this indicator.