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Institution

Central Tuber Crops Research Institute

FacilityThiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
About: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Starch & Fermentation. The organization has 475 authors who have published 587 publications receiving 10285 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the combination of diketopiperazines may be microbiologically beneficial and have potential implications in delaying the development of resistance as the antibacterial effect is achieved with lower concentrations of both drugs.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the synergistic effects of diketopiperazines [cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1), cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Leu) (2), and cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Tyr) (3)] purified from a Bacillus sp. N strain associated with entomopathogenic nematode Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp. on the growth of bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the diketopiperazines was compared with that of the standard antibiotics. The synergistic antibacterial activities of the combination of diketopiperazines against pathogenic bacteria were assessed using the checkerboard assay and time-kill methods. The results of the present study showed that the combination effects of diketopiperazines were predominately synergistic (FIC index <0.5). Furthermore, time-kill study showed that the growth of the tested bacteria was completely attenuated with 4-12 h of treatment with 50:50 ratios of diketopiperazines. These results suggest that the combination of diketopiperazines may be microbiologically beneficial. The three diketopiperazines are nontoxic to normal human cell line (L231 lung epithelial) up to 200 m μg/ml. The in vitro synergistic activity of cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Leu), cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Leu), and cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Tyr) against bacteria is reported here for the first time. These findings have potential implications in delaying the development of resistance as the antibacterial effect is achieved with lower concentrations of both drugs (diketopiperazines).

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the bacterium associated with entomopathogenic nematode is promising sources of natural antimicrobial secondary metabolites, which may receive greater benefit as potential sources of new drugs in the pharmaceutical industry.
Abstract: The cell free culture filtrate of Bacillus cereus associated with an entomopathogenic nematode, Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp. exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. The ethyl acetate extract of the bacterial culture filtrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain four bioactive compounds. The structure and absolute stereochemistry of these compounds were determined based on extensive spectroscopic analyses (FABMS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H–1H COSY, 1H–13C HMBC) and Marfey’s method. The compounds were identified as cyclic dipeptides (CDPs): cyclo(l-Pro-l-Trp), cyclo(l-Leu-l-Val), cyclo(d-Pro-d-Met), and cyclo(d-Pro-d-Phe), respectively. Compounds recorded significant antibacterial activity against all the test bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus) except cyclo(l-Leu-l-Val). Cyclo(l-Leu-l-Val) recorded activity only against Gram positive bacteria. Best antibacterial activity was recorded by cyclo(l-Pro-l-Trp) against S. aureus (4 μg/ml). The four compounds were active against all the five fungi tested (Trichophyton rubrum, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans) and the activity was compared with amphotericin B, the standard fungicide. The highest activity of 1 μg/ml by cyclo(l-Pro-l-Trp) was recorded against T. rubrum, a human pathogen responsible for causing athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm. The activity of cyclo(l-Pro-l-Trp) against T. rubrum, C. neoformans and C. albicans were better than amphotericin B, the standard antifungal agent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antifungal activity of CDPs against the human pathogenic fungi T. rubrum and C. neoformans. The four CDPs are nontoxic to healthy human cell line up to 200 μg/ml. We conclude that the bacterium associated with entomopathogenic nematode is promising sources of natural antimicrobial secondary metabolites, which may receive greater benefit as potential sources of new drugs in the pharmaceutical industry.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, various solvent extracts of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea Linn) were evaluated in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity, and various parameters influencing optimal flavonoid extraction were studied based on determination of the quercetin and kaempferol yields by an improved high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
Abstract: Recently, in the field of natural product drug discovery, there has been increasing interest in effective extraction and isolation of bioactive phytomolecules from plants for use as important starting materials or chemical intermediates for new drug development. In this investigation, various solvent extracts of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea Linn.) were evaluated in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Moreover, various parameters influencing optimal flavonoid extraction were studied based on determination of the quercetin and kaempferol yields by an improved high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The results indicated that the total phenolics and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity were maximum for the 80 % aqueous methanol extract, while the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reducing power and flavonoid content were maximum in the methanol extract. Different solvent extracts showed significantly (p < 0.05) different phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the total phenol and flavonoid contents revealed good (p < 0.001) correlations with scavenging potency. The maximum flavonoid content was found for methanol concentration, time, temperature, and solid-to-liquid ratio of 80 %, 60 min, 80 °C, and 1:20 g/mL, respectively. It is concluded that butterfly pea leaf can be considered a potential source of flavonoids with good antioxidant properties for use in dietary applications. The extraction protocols developed in this study can be readily scaled up for industrial applications.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The selective inhibitory potential of the isoinhibitors of sweet potato and taro on the digestive enzymes of root crop pests could be exploited for making transgenic plants with improved resistance against major pests.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed 177 heat-responsive gene-based SSRs from wheat genome for assessing genetic diversity analysis of thirty-six contrasting wheat genotypes for heat tolerance, of which 144 yielded unambiguous and repeatable amplicons, however, thirty-seven were found polymorphic among the 36 wheat genotype.
Abstract: Being a major staple food crop of the world, wheat provides nutritional food security to the global populations. Heat stress is a major abiotic stress that adversely affects wheat production throughout the world including Indo-Gangatic Plains (IGP) where four wheat growing countries viz., India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan produce 42% of the total wheat production. Therefore, identification of heat stress responsive molecular markers is imperative to marker assisted breeding programs. Information about trait specific gene based SSRs is available but there is lack of information on SSRs from non-coding regions. In the present study, we developed 177 heat-responsive gene-based SSRs (cg-SSR) and MIR gene-based SSR (miRNA-SSR) markers from wheat genome for assessing genetic diversity analysis of thirty- six contrasting wheat genotypes for heat tolerance. Of the 177 SSR loci, 144 yielded unambiguous and repeatable amplicons, however, thirty-seven were found polymorphic among the 36 wheat genotypes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of primers used in this study ranged from 0.03–0.73, with a mean of 0.35. Number of alleles produced per primer varied from 2 to 6, with a mean of 2.58. The UPGMA dendrogram analysis grouped all wheat genotypes into four clusters. The markers developed in this study has potential application in the MAS based breeding programs for developing heat tolerant wheat cultivars and genetic diversity analysis of wheat germplasm. Identification of noncoding region based SSRs will be fruitful for identification of trait specific wheat germplasm.

15 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20231
20225
202129
202032
201927
201823