Central Tuber Crops Research Institute

About: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Starch & Fermentation. The organization has 475 authors who have published 587 publications receiving 10285 citations.

Micropropagation for Rapid Multiplication of Planting Material in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Abstract: Rapid multiplication of planting material in cassava through tissue culture techniques such as shoot initiation, micropropagation and hardening was studied in cassava variety Sree Padmanabha. The effect of nodal segments from axillary bud of the field grown cassava cultured in Murashige and Skoog’s basal medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of 6- Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were evaluated based on different parameters viz., number of shoots, number of roots, number of leaves and number of nodes. Minimal risk of contamination was observed with sterilization in 0.1% HgCl2 for 7 min, which was found to be an effective surface sterilant. For in vitro regeneration using apical node as explant, MS media with 0.3 mg l-1 NAA was found to be the best in terms of shoot having three nodes. When in vitro shoots were inoculated in MS media with 0.1 mg l-1 NAA, rooting was the most profuse. Nodal explants took one month for development into plantlets having three nodes. Potential number of planting material production from one nodal explant using micropropagation techniques was estimated to be ranging from 16,000 to 17,000 in one year period. Well rooted in vitro plantlets in sterilized vermiculite with 4-5 cm length were found suitable for hardening and subsequent transplanting, which gave 91% success after two months of hardening.

Nutrient release pattern of organic and inorganic resources used in cassava production (Manihot esculenta crantz).

Abstract: The major constraint in the promotion of organic farming, a safe and sustainable alternative, is lack of availability of quality organic resources in sufficient quantities. The quality of resources...

Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate on the Physicochemical, Thermal and Pasting Properties of Cassava Starch

Abstract: The effect of different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on cassava starch properties after complexation and in situ addition were studied. The swelling volume of the starch-SDS complexes increased to a maximum of 100 mL/g with increase in concentration of SDS (even at 0.004 mol SDS) with a corresponding decrease in solubility. During in situ addition also, a similar but gradual behaviour was observed for swelling volume and solubility. The apparent and total amylose contents showed an irregular trend. The soluble amylose content decreased with increase in concentration of SDS. In vitro enzyme digestibility of starch-SDS complexes was significantly lowered compared to that of native starch. The water-binding capacity showed an initial decrease followed by a significant increase at higher concentrations of SDS. DSC studies showed that in addition to the gelatinisation endotherm, a peak corresponding to the melting of the starch-SDS complex was obtained in the case of in situ addition of the surfactant. The peak viscosity of starch during in situ addition of SDS exhibited a rapid increase except at the highest concentration. The peak viscosity of starch-SDS complexes underwent an initial reduction followed by a gradual increase at higher concentrations. The breakdown, setback and pasting temperature were also affected.

Genetic variability, characters association and path analysis for yield and fruit quality components in Brinjal

Abstract: The experiment was done at AB District Seed Farm, BCKV, Kalyani Simanta, West-Bengal, India during autumn-winter 2013-14 and 2014-15. The characters that exhibited higher Phenotypic and Genotypic Co-efficient of variation values were number of fruits per plant (76.86, 75.63%), fruit weight (43.88, 41.34%), harvest index (23.57, 22.29%), fruit yield per plant (53.61, 51.17%), anthocyanin in peel, total phenols and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl hydrazyl) free radical scavenging (FRS) capacity indicating that a greater amount of genetic variability was present for these characters which provide greater scope for selection. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for the characters like plant height, days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, harvest index, fruit yield per plant, total sugar, anthocyanin in peel, total phenols and DPPH FRS capacity depicting that these traits were under the strong influence of additive gene action and hence simple selection based on phenotypic performance of these traits would be more effective. Fruit yield per plant showed highly positive significant correlation with number of primary branches per plant, number of fruits per plant, harvest index, vitamin-A and total phenols and significant negative correlation with days to 1st flowering, TSS, total sugars and total protein. Number of fruits per plant imparted the highest positive direct effect on yield followed by harvest index, fruit weight, days to 50% flowering and anthocyanin in peel. Number of fruits per plant and days to flowering were emerged as the main casual factors for positive or negative association of several characters with fruit yield per plant. Therefore, selection for fruit yield per plant based on these characters would be reliable.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Taro Using Morphometrics

Abstract: Taro is an important tropical tuber crop, used as a staple food or subsistence food by millions of people in the developing countries. A program was done to analyze and identify the same promising 20 selected local and Indian accessions taro, aiming at the characterization of the extent and distribution of genetic diversity using morphological marker with the define objectives ‘to find genetic variability amongst the 20 taro genotypes collected from different agro-climatic zones in India, in respect of plant physical (like length of main sucker, no of petioles, length of leaf lamina, wt. of side tuber, number of side tuber, estimated Corm yield, breadth of leaf lamina)’. The present study revealed that the genetic diversity recorded through physical parameters corresponded with the genetic diversity revealed through molecular data analysis. On the basis of D2 statistics the 20 genotypes were grouped into six different clusters (I-VI). Most of the local taro genotypes collected from different locations (BCC-1, BCC-2, BCC10, BCC15, BCC18, BCC-21, BCC24 and BCC-25) were placed in Cluster II with moderate intra cluster distance indicating their closeness, and showed similar phenotypic characters. The genotypes viz. FC-4, FC-11 and PKS1 were found to distantly relate to other genotypes and were grouped into Cluster III.