Central Tuber Crops Research Institute

About: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Starch & Fermentation. The organization has 475 authors who have published 587 publications receiving 10285 citations.

Molecular detection and identification of Dasheen mosaic virus infecting Amorphophallus paeoniifolius

Abstract: Occurrence of various types of viral symptoms viz. mosaic, mottling, puckering, stunting and filiformy/shoestring was noticed on Elephant foot yam in India. Immunosorbent electron microscopy of infected leaf samples with Potyvirus group–specific antiserum revealed the association of flexuous Potyvirus particles. Infected leaf samples were collected from different locations in Kerala, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh; and total RNA was extracted from infected leaves. One-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was carried out using Potyvirus group–specific primers and an amplified product of 327 and 719 bp were obtained. Sequence analysis of nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequences with the already available Potyvirus sequences in Genbank showed 91% and 97% similarity with Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV) isolate DeSLK2 (accession Number AJ305434) at nucleic acid and amino acid level respectively. Comparison of 3′UTR region using universal primers MJ1 and M4T also confirmed that the virus under...

Growth and morphogenesis of immature embryos of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in vitro

Abstract: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) embryos excised from the fertilized ovules of 6- to 12-day-old capsules were cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA, BA, GA separately and in combinations. GA was found essential for initial morphogenesis of globular and heart stages. Seedlings were recovered from late globular stage onwards but recovery was best from advanced embryo stages. Differentiated embryos produced multiple shoots on MS medium +1μM NAA÷2μM BA +0.5μM GA.

Oxalic acid production by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht and Botryodiplodia theobromae pat., post-harvest fungal pathogens of yams (Dioscorea rotundata L.) and detoxification by Bacillus subtilis CM1 isolated from culturable cowdung microflora.

Abstract: Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht and Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat., two important post-harvest pathogens of yam (Dioscorea rotundata L.) tubers in storage were found to produce oxalic acid (OA) in vitro and in vivo. The rate of OA accumulation was proportional to fungal growth (cell mass) in Potato Dextrose liquid medium during 10 days incubation period. Further, simultaneous co-culturing of either of the fungi with Bacillus subtilis CM1 isolated from cowdung culturable microflora resulted in 92% reduction in OA accumulation compared with that in the culture of the individual fungus. The effect was more prominent in pH 5 – 6 than in pH 7 – 8. B. subtilis CM1 was capable of detoxifying OA and several proteins were detected in the culture filtrates when it was grown in peptone-mineral salt medium containing OA. SDS-PAGE analysis of 70% ammonium sulphate fraction of the culture filtrate exhibited the presence of a predominant 97 kDa protein.

Response of Mycorrhiza, Organic Sources, Secondary and Micro Nutrients on Soil Microbial Activities and Yield Performance of Colocasia (Colocasia esculenta L.) in Alfisols

Abstract: Response of the integrated use of mycorrhiza, inorganic and organic manures on microbial variables and yield performance of colocasia (Colocasia esculenta L.) was studied in an acid Alfisol. Significantly highest mean cormel yield (14.13 t ha−1) was recorded due to application of super optimal doses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). Integrated application of lime + farmyard manure (FYM) + ½ NPK + zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) has recorded the highest dehydrogenase activity (2.048 µg TPF hr−1 g−1) and Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolysis assay (1.855 µg g−1 hr−1). The highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activities (77.67 and 51.18 µg PNP g−1 h−1, respectively) were observed due to Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) inoculation in combination with lime + FYM + ½ NPK. Dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities had a highly significant relationship with cormel yield and the biochemical constituents of colocasia. The study emphasized the conjunctive use of balanced inorganic fertilizers and organic m...

Starch content and cassava mosaic disease genetic diversity with relation to yield in south Indian cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) germplasm

Abstract: Cassava, family Euphorbiaceae, is the fifth most important staple food crop. The study of variability and diversity present in diverse cassava accessions maintained at the field genebank of TCRS, TNAU is essential to design the breeding program of cassava in TNAU. Hence, a study was carried out to assess the genetic diversity based on morphological traits and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers, identifying the SSR markers linked to a cassava mosaic disease-resistant QTL region. Genetic diversity among cassava germplasm accessions was estimated using 28 morphological traits and three SSR markers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) result gives high information for all the SSR markers. Morphological traits revealed 10 clusters and the SSR markers revealed 13 clusters at a similarity coefficient of 2.514 and 0.75, respectively. The SSR marker diversity revealed that the most promising clusters (II and XII) possessing accessions with yield attributing traits and cluster IX were grouped together due to low yield and CMD susceptibility. Morphological descriptors revealed variance for yield contributing traits. The first three principle components accounted for 10.8, 9.1, and 8.4%, respectively. Correlation studies showed significant correlation among yield and yield-attributing traits, which in turn influences yield. The morphological traits diversity reveals that cluster VI was the most promising cluster in which genotypes ME209 and ME460 possess higher yield and starch content with cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistance. Most of the accessions grouped under cluster X belong to selection from International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) collections and the cultivars under clusters I and II were true cassava seed (TCS) selections of India. The CMD-linked SSR marker which is reported in the previous studies have generated eight alleles and each were regressed with CMD resistance and resulted in non-significant linkage to CMD resistance.