Centre national de la recherche scientifique

About: Centre national de la recherche scientifique is a government organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 239077 authors who have published 382421 publications receiving 13670943 citations.

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018) : a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Abstract: The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.

Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems

Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. Ant Foraging Behavior, Combinatorial Optimization, and Routing in Communications Networks 3. Division of Labor and Task Allocation 4. Cemetery Organization, Brood Sorting, Data Analysis, and Graph Partitioning 5. Self-Organization and Templates: Application to Data Analysis and Graph Partitioning 6. Nest Building and Self-Assembling 7. Cooperative Transport by Insects and Robots 8. Epilogue

Metallic Phase with Long-Range Orientational Order and No Translational Symmetry

Abstract: We have observed a metallic solid (Al-14-at.%-Mn) with long-range orientational order, but with icosahedral point group symmetry, which is inconsistent with lattice translations. Its diffraction spots are as sharp as those of crystals but cannot be indexed to any Bravais lattice. The solid is metastable and forms from the melt by a first-order transition.