Chalk River Laboratories

About: Chalk River Laboratories is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron diffraction & Neutron scattering. The organization has 2297 authors who have published 2700 publications receiving 73287 citations.

The novel Mechanical Ventilator Milano for the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract: This paper presents the Mechanical Ventilator Milano (MVM), a novel intensive therapy mechanical ventilator designed for rapid, large-scale, low-cost production for the COVID-19 pandemic. Free of moving mechanical parts and requiring only a source of compressed oxygen and medical air to operate, the MVM is designed to support the long-term invasive ventilation often required for COVID-19 patients and operates in pressure-regulated ventilation modes, which minimize the risk of furthering lung trauma. The MVM was extensively tested against ISO standards in the laboratory using a breathing simulator, with good agreement between input and measured breathing parameters and performing correctly in response to fault conditions and stability tests. The MVM has obtained Emergency Use Authorization by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and Health Canada Medical Device Authorization for Importation or Sale, under Interim Order for Use in Relation to COVID-19. Following these certifications, mass production is ongoing and distribution is under way in several countries. The MVM was designed, tested, prepared for certification, and mass produced in the space of a few months by a unique collaboration of respiratory healthcare professionals and experimental physicists, working with industrial partners, and is an excellent ventilator candidate for this pandemic anywhere in the world.

Magnetic structure, magnetoelastic coupling, and thermal properties of EuCrO 3 nanopowders

Abstract: We carried out detailed studies of the magnetic structure, magnetoelastic coupling, and thermal properties of ${\mathrm{EuCrO}}_{3}$ nanopowders from room temperature to liquid helium temperature. Our neutron powder diffraction and x-ray powder diffraction measurements provide precise atomic positions of all atoms in the cell, especially for the light oxygen atoms. The low-temperature neutron powder diffraction data revealed extra Bragg peaks of magnetic origin, which can be attributed to a ${G}_{x}$ antiferromagnetic structure with an ordered moment of $\ensuremath{\sim}2.4{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ consistent with the $3{d}^{3}$ electronic configuration of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ cations. Apart from previously reported antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic transitions in ${\mathrm{EuCrO}}_{3}$ at low temperatures, we also observed an anomaly at about 100 K. This anomaly was observed in the temperature dependence of the sample's, lattice parameters, thermal expansion, Raman spectroscopy, permittivity, and conductance measurements. This anomaly is attributed to the magnetoelastic distortion in the ${\mathrm{EuCrO}}_{3}$ crystal.

In situ powder X-ray diffraction, synthesis, and magnetic properties of the defect zircon structure ScVO(4-x).

Abstract: We report the formation pathway of ScVO(4) zircon from ScVO(3) bixbyite with emphasis on the synthesis and stability of the novel intermediate defect zircon phase ScVO(4-x) (0.0 < x

Resonant coherent excitation of N6+ and Mg11+ in planar channeling: anisotropies in ionization probabilities and X-ray emission

Abstract: Hydrogenic ions penetrating a crystal are perturbed by the frequency with which they pass atoms lying in rows or ordered planes. This frequency, when resonant, can cause excitation of the ion with subsequent collisional ionization or radiative relaxation following escape from the crystal. The various possible m states being non-degenerate in the channel are separable. The associated alignment is observed in both the separate ionization probabilities and X-ray anisotropy.