Chalk River Laboratories

About: Chalk River Laboratories is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Neutron diffraction & Neutron scattering. The organization has 2297 authors who have published 2700 publications receiving 73287 citations.

Characterization and modeling of quenching-induced residual stresses in the nickel-based superalloy IN718

Abstract: The residual stress fields in pieces of quenched IN718 superalloy have been characterized by neutron diffraction. The samples were in the form of cylindrical rods of length sufficient to ensure that steady-state conditions prevail at the midsection. Quenching the samples in air, water, and oil generated various residual stress fields. The interfacial heat-transfer coefficients were estimated using an inverse-modeling technique. The findings were rationalized with an elastic-plastic finite-element model that included temperature-dependent properties. The hoop and axial stresses are the most significant components of the stress field and arise from the plastic deformation occurring at the periphery of the cylindrical sections, the extent of which depends strongly upon the severity of the quench. The model is used to examine the residual stress fields to be expected in a turbine-disc forging of idealized geometry.

The Effects of Filler Metal Transformation Temperature on Residual Stresses in a High Strength Steel Weld

Abstract: Residual stress in the vicinity of a weld can have a large influence on structural integrity. Here the extent to which the martensite-start temperature of the weld filler metal can be adjusted to engineer the residual stress distribution in a bainitic-martensitic steel weld was investigated. Three single-pass groove welds were deposited by manual-metal-arc welding on 12 mm thick steel plates using filler metals designed to have different martensite-start temperatures. Their longitudinal, transverse, and normal residual stress distributions were then characterized across the weld cross section by neutron diffraction. It was found that tensile stresses along the welding direction can be reduced or even replaced with compressive stresses if the transformation temperature is lowered sufficiently. The results are interpreted in the context of designing better welding consumables.

Biophysical aspects of neutron scattering from vibrational modes of proteins

Abstract: This review describes a major portion of the published work on neutron scattering experiments aimed at measuring large scale motions in proteins. The importance of these motions for enzyme function and oxygen transport is indicated. The theory applicable to each type of neutron scattering measurement is given and results are discussed with a view to biological relevance. New experiments are suggested and a comparison of neutron scattering data is made with results from other techniques such as raman scattering, infrared absorption, photolysis and molecular dynamics simulations.