Showing papers by "Chandigarh University published in 2014"

Google Android a mobile platform: A review

Abstract: At present smart phone usage is increasing dramatically due to their extended functionality than cell phones. Smartphones are like small computer which accompany us everywhere and allow us to access various functionalities. Smart phone is a personnel device which provides entertainment, information, making call, writing SMS and accessing different applications like check the email, to browse the Internet or to play games with our friends. We have to install applications on our smartphone in order to take all the advantage that these devices offer. The increasing importance of smart phones has increased competition among technology giants to take over the bigger part of the market share for mobile platform. As a result, in 2005 Google introduced Android (developed by Andy Rubin the Director of Mobile Platforms for Google), an open source mobile platform for smart phone devices which is consisting of a Linux Kernel, runtime environment, development framework, libraries and key applications. This paper aims to deal with the comparison between different smartphones like Android OS (Google), iOS (Apple), Symbian (Nokia) & Blackberry OS (RIM).

Study of Rheological Properties of Industrial Lubricants

Abstract: The most important rheological parameter for lubricants is viscosity as it also affects the tribological properties like friction between interacting surfaces and wear. This research intends to study the relationship between viscosity and temperature at different shear rates for multiple grades of three different categories of lubricants used for different applications viz. L1: MG20W50 (engine oil), L2: SAE20W50 (engine oil), L3: MC20W50 (mineral engine oil), L4: EP90 (gear oil), and L5: DXTIII (steering fluid). Constant high dynamic viscosity, shear stress, and low compressibility at different temperatures in multigrade as well as single grade industrial oil will help to maintain the surface film over the period of time and hence the reduction in wear. The dynamic viscosity of these chosen samples has been measured experimentally in temperature range of 20 to 50°C. The measurements have been extended to observe the dependence of shear rate, time, and temperature on the dynamic viscosity. All the samples are observed to behave like Newtonian fluids in the entire temperature range of study. Further, all samples seem to obey the Arrhenius relationship with temperature. Shear stress shows linear variation with shear rate exhibiting uniform viscosity which is substantiated by almost no variation in dynamic viscosity with shear rate for value above 5 per second.

Design of capacitive sensor for monitoring moisture content of soil and analysis of analog voltage with variability in moisture

Abstract: An important parameter in today's world is food security as environmental degradation is a big threat. The need of the hour is proper utilization of resources. In developing countries where cultivation of land and crop production is a major source of income it becomes mandatory to manage the land in a beneficial manner. Moisture content in soil is optimal for plant growth. All the water held in the soil is not available to plants. Much of the water is available in the soil as a thin film which serves as a medium for supply of nutrients to growing plants. The paper describes design of a capacitance based soil moisture sensor which helps in finding moisture content of soil also depicting the variations in analog voltage with the change in moisture content. This low cost portable instrument can find many applications like drip irrigation and measuring moisture content of pulses, grains and wheat. India being an agricultural country where many people's livelihood depends on agricultural output it can provide to be highly beneficial.

Performance analysis of an ultra high capacity 1 Tbps DWDM-RoF system for very narrow channel spacing

Abstract: A RoF system can further be enhanced by incorporating the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technique for bandwidth utilization and ultra high speed communication. In this paper the model for a high speed of 1Tbps, a 40-channel DWDM-RoF system has been designed and simulated where each channel carries data at a rate of 25 Gbps. The performance of and erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) for the system has been compared for extremely narrow channel spacing of 0.1 nm, and 0.2 nm at different transmission distance. The Q-factor and optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) values have been reported for different cases and it is observed that SOA performs linearly and better than EDFA when employed as post amplifier.

Comparative analysis of WDM system using Cascaded amplifiers in Optical wireless channel over a distance of 10000 km.

Abstract: In this paper, optimisation of the optical wireless channel at 60 x 10 Gbps using Wavelength division multiplexing has been optimised using different parameters like eye diagrams, Q-factor, noise figure and output power. The signals are transmitted over longer range of communication to have improved Q-factor and Lower BER. It has been shown that the cascaded amplifiers used to boost the signal with net spectral efficiency of 6.45 b/s/Hz provide better performance. Further the investigation of power loss is optimised using WDM systems and cascaded amplifiers. The signals are transmitted over a distance of 10,000 km with channel spacing of 100 GHz using bandwidth of 1550 nm. The process is repeatedly performed at different ranges of communication and acceptable Q-Factor and BER are achieved. The results thus obtained correspond to the longest transmission distance with WDM and cascaded amplifiers to best of our knowledge.

Investigation to find optimal modulation format for low power inter-satellite optical wireless communication (LP-IsOWC)

Abstract: LP-IsOWC will be the need and future of miniaturized-satellite communication. In this article, investigation is performed to find out optimum modulation format for 10 Gbps LP-IsOWC system. Various modulation formats were investigated for different parameters: bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, eye diagram and achievable transmission distance (km).

Discrete fractional cosine transform based online handwritten signature verification

Abstract: The new method for an online handwritten signature verification based on discrete fractional cosine transformation (DFrCT) for feature extraction is proposed. Various characteristics of the hand-written signature are used to extract different features of the signature. The system for the hand-written signature verification is realized by characterizing three FIR systems. The impulse responses of FIR systems are used to calculate Euclidean norm. The signature can be verified by evaluating the difference between the average of Euclidean norms of reference signatures and the Euclidean norm of signature to be verified. The equal error rate (EER) is calculated to compare the efficiency of the proposed method. It has been verified through simulation results that the DFrCT tool achieves much better results as compared to discrete cosine transform (DCT) for extracting the features. The signature verification experiment was performed on SVC2004 signature database.

A review of metallic radiation recuperators for thermal exhaust heat recovery

Abstract: Radiation recuperator is a class of indirect contact heat exchanger widely used for waste heat recovery in high temperature industrial applications. At higher temperatures heat loss is higher and as the cost of energy continues to rise, it becomes imperative to save energy and improve overall energy efficiency. In this light, a radiation recuperator becomes a key component in an energy recovery system with great potential for energy saving. Improving recuperator performance, durability, and its design and material considerations has been an ongoing concern. Recent progress in furnace design and micro turbine applications together with use of recuperators has resulted in reduced fuel consumption, increased cost effectiveness and short pay-back time periods. Due to its high commercial value and confidential nature of the industry, little information is available in the open literature as compared to convection recuperators where results are well documented. This review paper intends to bridge the gap in literature and provides valuable information on experimental and theoretical investigations in radiation recuperator development along with identification of some unresolved issues.

A study on perceived risk in online shopping of youth in Pune: A factor analysis

Abstract: Although the online shopping is on rise on daily basis, but online shopping is not done by everybody. Perceived risk is one of the big hurdles in online shopping. Measuring this aspect & finding the details of it & implementing the ways to reduce it will increase online shopping. The current study is done by the researchers to understand the impact of perceived risk on youth of Pune on their online shopping. To study, factor analysis as research tool has been taken. The finding of the study are the buyers have maximum perceived risk regarding financial risk, social risk, time risk and last but not the least, security risk. Non shoppers give maximum value to financial risk and Security risk which are common to shoppers also additional two risks are physical risk and psychological risks

A modified technique for Word Sense Disambiguation using Lesk algorithm in Hindi language.

Abstract: Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is a key factor in written and verbal communication of natural language processing. It is a method of selecting the appropriate sense of an ambiguous word in the given context. This paper aims at determining the correct sense of the given ambiguous word in Hindi language. A modified Lesk approach is used which uses the concept of dynamic context window. Dynamic context window is the number of left and right words of ambiguous word. The basic assumption of this approach is that the target word which has same meaning must have a common topic in its neighbourhood. Furthermore the improvement in precision shows that the proposed algorithm gives better results than the previous approaches which uses fixed size context window.

Optimizing backup power systems through Six Sigma

Abstract: Purpose – The aim of this paper is to follow an analytic-deductive approach to realize the issues related to the present power crisis and growing demand of backup power systems (BPSs), especially in India. It not only explores the need of high-cost BPSs in the current scenario but also puts an emphasis to reduce the running cost through parametric optimizations. Design/methodology/approach – Literature review identifies dependency of every sector on BPS and also highlights present and future challenges erupting in this age of power scarcity. Different improvement initiatives being used to improve efficiency of BPS have been studied, but quite rare application of Six Sigma in BPS sector, in actual was found. A define-measure-analyze-improve-control (DMAIC) model of Six Sigma is being suggested and practiced for bringing a breakthrough in efficiency or mileage of a diesel genset (used as a BPS). Findings – Importance of BPS cannot be ignored, particularly in developing countries, but feeble effort was seen ...

Cloud Adaptive Resource Allocation Mechanism for Efficient Parallel Processing

Abstract: As cloud based services becomes more assorted, resource provisioning becomes more challenges This is an important issue that how resource may be allocated The cloud environment offered distinct types of virtual machines and cloud provider distribute those services This is necessary to adjust the allocation of services with the demand of user This paper presents an adaptive resource allocation mechanism for efficient parallel processing based on cloud Using this mechanism the provider's job becomes easier and having the least chance for the wastage of resources and time

Raga identification of Hindustani music using soft computing techniques

Abstract: Raga is one of the fundamental musical concept in Indian music. It is a group of swaras (musical notes) comprising of many features and qualifiers and is described as melodic concept which is led to blossom by the musician. This paper proposes a novel method for identification of raga in Hindustani music. We have identified different key parameters for raga identification and fuzzy sets have been used for its representation. Soft computing techniques are being used for recognition of raga. This work demonstrates a modified approach by combining parameters of music with soft computing.Raga recognition has been analysed through soft computing and evaluation of the proposed technique shows that reasonable accuracy has been achieved.

Antiplasmodial effects of the aqueous ethanolic seed extract of Ziziphus mauritiana against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice

Abstract: Ziziphus mauritiana is a fruit tree used traditionally since long back for wound healing, immunepotentiator, asthma, sedative, stomachic, styptic, as tonic etc. The present study determines the antiplasmodial effect of aqueous ethanolic seed extract against Chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei nk65 infection in Swiss albino mice. Based upon the acute toxicity data three different doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg body weight) of the plant extract was chosen to study the blood schizonticidal activity in early infection and in established infection and was compared with chloroquine. The Prophylactic activity was also assessed and compared with pyrimethamine. No mortality was observed in acute toxicity study however, above the dose of 1000 mg/kg animals showed the lethargic behaviour. In early infection, and in established infection the doses (100-400 mg/kg b.wt) was found to cause significant ( P <0.001) suppression of infection in a dose dependent manner as compared to control. Although, the activity was lower than standard chloroquine. Similarly, the extract at all the doses caused the suppression in repository activity but was lower than pyrimethamine. The mean survival time was also increased in mice by 14 and 17 days at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively, whereas the control group sustained only for 7 days. Thus, the seed extract showed the effectiveness against plasmodium infection.

9E model and e-learning methodologies for the optimisation of teaching and learning

Abstract: Education is an important field in today's world without which it is impossible to outlive in the society. Education has been evolving since ancient times and has been overhauled in many ways with the advancements in technology. Today education technology is playing a significant role in bringing up the levels of teaching and learning with the use of enormous educational tools and strategies. In this paper we will be scrutinizing the process of education and introducing a new model that is the 9E teaching and learning model which is an enhancement to the previous 7E model. This paper also sheds a light on the various methods and strategies opted for intensifying the process of teaching and learning in order to optimize the whole education system.

Grid connected photovoltaic system with data-based MPPT and fuzzy controlled DVR

Abstract: This paper presents the impact of a fuzzy logic controlled dynamic voltage restorer on a transformer-less single-stage grid-connected solar photovoltaic system controlled by a data based maximum power point tracking technique. The solar photovoltaic system uses a data based maximum power point technique to derive maximum power from solar photovoltaic array and maintains constant DC voltage by changing modulation index of voltage source converter. A dynamic voltage restorer with pulse width modulated control is introduced to mitigate unbalanced sag in grid voltage and current during fault conditions. Fuzzy logic control (FLC) has been implemented to maintain voltage at grid side for normal as well as for faulted conditions. Simulation results show that distortion in active and reactive power exchange among solar photovoltaic converter, load and grid is reduced during fault conditions. A reduction in total harmonic distortion for all temperature conditions, low and high solar radiation is observed in grid voltage and current. Apart from these, it has been observed that distortion in DC link voltage while deriving maximum power from photovoltaic array is considerably reduced by introducing fuzzy logic controlled dynamic voltage restorer in proposed system.

Thinning of planar circular array antennas using Firefly Algorithm

Abstract: In this paper, a new optimization technique known as Firefly Algorithm (FA) is used for antenna array synthesis. FA is an evolutionary global optimization technique inspired from flashing light of fireflies. FA is used for thinning of multiple concentric circular ring arrays. The aim is to achieve a uniformly excited antenna array that will produce a narrow beamwidth and minimum side lobe level (SLL). The low SLL is achieved by thinning the ring array. The ring array taken in this work is a nine ring concentric circular antenna array. Results demonstrate that the elements in array can be brought down to 129 from 279 in number with concurrent reduction in SLL of 20.30 dB with a fixed first null beam-width.

Comparison of ML algorithms for identification of Automated Number Plate Recognition

Abstract: Automated Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) has become essential part of traffic control system because of unconstrained increased of vehicles on roads which make it difficult to control. On or after analysis of diverse author's exertion, ANPR has six imperative parts like Image Acquisition, Pre-processing, edge detection, segmentation, feature extraction and recognition. Characters recognition is turn out to be difficult everyday jobs due to variations of number plate. The intentioned system is mainly focus on classification and recognition of characters using Kstar Machine learning algorithm. The classification characters present better performance using Kstar. A comparative study is done between these classifiers based upon their considerations like average accuracy, precision, recall and F-measure. Performance is deliberated using precision, recall and F-measure. The results give you an idea about that K STAR algorithm completes better with Recognition Rate and it achieved an accuracy of 99%.

Mapping of tasks to resources maintaining fairness using swarm optimization in cloud environment

Abstract: Cloud computing gets its standard all over the world due to the necessity for delivering IT services, in excess with internet. It consist of pooled computing resources like network, applications, servers consist of parallel and distributed system based on the SLA. It has been perceived from the past decade that in a cloud environment task scheduling became concerned issue. In this paper our aim is to get better optimized results for which we do mapping of tasks to resources maintaining fairness using the PSO scheduling algorithm. The platform used for the experiment is CloudSim via which we attain more efficiency.

Image Retrieval for Medical Imaging Using Combined Feature Fuzzy Approach

Abstract: Content based image retrieval (CBIR) system allows users to retrieve similar images from a large image database based upon a query image Furthermore, the challenges faced by content-based image retrieval system are the semantic gap and perception subjectivity In this paper, a combined feature fuzzy approach based CBIR system for the retrieval of bio-medical images is proposed in order to provide better image classification and fast image retrieval In the proposed method the texture features like contrast, mean, standard deviation, energy and entropy are extracted from the image and converted into fuzzy aggregation membership functions The result shows that the proposed approach retrieves images efficiently and accurately than the other existing techniques

Women Online Shopping: A Critical Review of Literature

Abstract: Woman online shopping is under researched. The author found very few published contents on the topic. This impelled the researcher to undergo a brief review of existing, although comparatively small, literature. The literature suggests that women have lesser trust in online shopping as compared to their male counterparts. The strata of women shoppers can be divided in three distinct group’s viz., above 55 years of age, 36-55 years and 15-35 years. The growth in adaptation in online shopping has been observed in the age group of 15- 35 years. The increased number of working lady in this group is one among the several reasons. Different types of conceptual information presented in the study are the result of observation, in depth reading, and rational judgement of the author.

A Study on Trust in Online Shopping of Youth in Pune City: A Factor Analysis

Abstract: Lack of trust on online shopping has been conceived as the basic barrier to the adoption of online hopping. In recent times online shopping in India is on rise. Although it is less than 1% of total retail sales by different formats of retailing. The current study is done by the researchers to understand the role of different trust components on youth of Pune in their online shopping. To study the same, factor analysis as research tool has been employed. The findings of the study are that Integrity & Familiarity are the major components of trust impacts online shoppers while Benevolence & Predictability components of trust are to be found in the non shoppers.

Sage on stage to guide on side: A modern perspective

Abstract: Education technology will be the key medium of future education paradigm. Although significant progress has been made during the past decade, but it has also become a challenge for teachers as well as for students. Both students as well as teachers need to be ready for accepting new advancements and challenges in teaching learning process. In this paper we discuss some new approaches for imparting education and propose a model called e 7 for changing traditional role of teachers as facilitator of education. Education system is thus becoming a decentralized system and in future will not only revolve around a teacher's knowledge, but become holistic process that utilizes all aspects related to Education Technology in an effective manner.

Chemo-enzymatic conversion of biomass into bio-ethanol

Abstract: The energy crisis and environmental pollution from use of fossil fuels have become more serious globally which insisted us to explore the use of bio-fuels as cheaper and cleaner alternatives to fossil fuels. The higher production costs of alcohol, however, are an obstacle to the production of this energy source. Selection of biomass with higher yields and higher sugar content and at lower cost is, therefore, essential to cut down costs of ethanol production. In the present research we have taken fruit peels (orange and banana) as a substrate for the production of ethanol by some chemo-biological methods. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was taken for the fermentation and then the distillation we could recover 10-11% ethanol concentration. It has various advantages over the traditional fuel. It is biodegradable, low in toxicity and causes little environmental pollution if spilt. Bio-ethanol has higher octane number, broader flammability limit, higher flame speed and higher heat of vaporization than gasoline. It is much cleaner and releases no toxic gases.

Local Standard Deviation Based Image Quality Metrics for JPEG Compressed Images

Abstract: In this paper, we address the Full-Reference (FR) Image Quality Metric (IQM) to assess the quality of JPEG-coded images and we present a new effective and efficient IQA model, called Local Standard Deviation Based Image Quality (LSDBIQ). The approach is based on the comparison of the local standard deviation of two images. The proposed metrics is tested on four well-known databases available in the literature (TID2013, TID2008, LIVE and CSIQ). Experimental results show that the proposed metrics outperforms other models for the assessment of image quality and have very low computational complexity.

Emergence of Search Engine Optimization as an Advertising Tool

Abstract: SEO considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms typed into search engines and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website may involve editing its content and HTML and associated coding to increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a site to increase the number of back links, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic. The initialism ‘SEO’ can refer to ‘Search Engine Optimizers,’ a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in–house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand–alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. This paper evaluates the impact of SEO on the advertisement of firm. The sample size for the research is 100 managers from different IT companies of North India. The paper uses analytical tools including Correlation, Regression, Anova and Chi Square.

Isospin effects on the system mass dependence of nuclear stopping around the energy of vanishing flow

Abstract: We study the effect of isospin degree of freedom on nuclear stopping throughout the mass range 50 and 350 for two sets of isotopic systems with N/Z ≈ 1.5 and 1.8, as well as isobaric systems with N/Z = 1.0 and 1.4. Analysis is carried out at incident energies below, at, and above the energy of vanishing flow (EVF) using the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. Our findings reveal that nuclear stopping does not show any particular behavior at the EVF. Moreover, system size effects dominate the isospin effects throughout the range of colliding geometry. The Coulomb effects, however, become important at peripheral geometry. The comparative study of the counterbalancing of Coulomb and mean field by removing the nucleon–nucleon collisions and symmetry potential clearly indicates the dominance of nucleon–nucleon cross-section over the Coulomb repulsions. Moreover, the theoretical results presented in this manuscript for the set of reactions can be experimentally verified.

Recognition of similar shaped isolated handwritten Gurumukhi characters using machine learning

Abstract: Existence of similar shaped handwritten characters in any script affects its automated recognition. Effective recognition of similar shaped characters increases overall performance of automated handwritten character recognition. It is intensive research area because of its application in wide ambit of real human beings problems like postal address interpretation and signature verification in bank cheque processing etc. In this work, people in the age group of 20–50 years were asked to write characters of Gurumukhi Script in their natural writing style. Preprocessing steps were applied on the collected data and zoning based structural & region features were extracted. Data set was created using the extracted features and recognition was done using Random Forest and C4.5 machine learning algorithms.