Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

About: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention is a government organization based out in Beijing, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The organization has 16037 authors who have published 15098 publications receiving 423452 citations. The organization is also known as: China CDC & CCDC.

Epidemiologic Features of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in China, 2011–2012

Abstract: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging vector-borne disease, is caused by a novel bunyavirus belonging to the genus Phlebovirus [1, 2]. SFTS infections can be life-threatening and are characterized by sudden onset of fever, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal symptoms, and leukocytopenia. The tick Haemaphysalis longicornis is generally considered to be the vector of SFTS, which is widely distributed in China [2]. Person-to-person transmission through direct contact with contaminated blood has also been reported as a possible means of SFTS transmission [3–5]. Currently, there is no specific treatment other than supportive care [6]...

Reduced pulmonary function and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in nanoscale carbon black-exposed workers

Abstract: Although major concerns exist regarding the potential consequences of human exposures to nanoscale carbon black (CB) particles, limited human toxicological data is currently available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if nanoscale CB particles could be responsible, at least partially, for the altered lung function and inflammation observed in CB workers exposed to nanoscale CB particles. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller were used to characterize CB. Eighty-one CB-exposed male workers and 104 non-exposed male workers were recruited. The pulmonary function test was performed and pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. To further assess the deposition and pulmonary damage induced by CB nanoparticles, male BALB/c mice were exposed to CB for 6 hours per day for 7 or 14 days. The deposition of CB and the pathological changes of the lung tissue in mice were evaluated by paraffin sections and TEM. The cytokines levels in serum and lung tissue of mice were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). SEM and TEM images showed that the CB particles were 30 to 50 nm in size. In the CB workplace, the concentration of CB was 14.90 mg/m3. Among these CB particles, 50.77% were less than 0.523 micrometer, and 99.55% were less than 2.5 micrometer in aerodynamic diameter. The reduction of lung function parameters including FEV1%, FEV/FVC, MMF%, and PEF% in CB workers was observed, and the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1beta, and TNF- alpha had 2.86-, 6.85-, 1.49-, 3.35-, and 4.87-folds increase in serum of CB workers, respectively. In mice exposed to the aerosol CB, particles were deposited in the lung. The alveolar wall thickened and a large amount of inflammatory cells were observed in lung tissues after CB exposure. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were increased in both serum and lung homogenate. The data strongly suggests that nanoscale CB particles could be responsible for the lung function reduction and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in CB workers. These results, therefore, provide the first evidence of a link between human exposure to CB and long-term pulmonary effects.

Peer relationships and suicide ideation and attempts among Chinese adolescents

Abstract: Background Suicide is a global health concern. Therefore, studying suicide behaviour and identifying the early roots of suicide are critical. To address these issues, the present study examined (i) the association between peer relationships and suicide ideation and attempts among Chinese adolescents; and (ii) whether such associations were moderated or mediated by feeling of loneliness. We hypothesized that problems in peer relationships were positively associated with suicide ideation and attempts, and that feeling of loneliness would moderate and mediate such associations. Methods The sample included 8778 Chinese adolescents from a large survey. Measures of peer relationships, suicide ideation and attempts, and feeling of loneliness were obtained through adolescents' self‐reports. Results Results from multivariate logistic regressions suggested that specific problems in peer relationships, such as lack of peer association and being victimized by bullying, were significantly related to suicide ideation and attempts. In addition, the moderating effects of feeling of loneliness on the association between peer relationships and suicide ideation and attempts were found. Finally, some gender effects were also found. Conclusions The present study provided strong evidence that suicide ideation and attempts were serious problems among adolescents in China, to which peer relationships played an important role. Further, feeling of loneliness acted as a moderator affecting the association between peer relationships and suicide ideation and attempts. Finally, there were some gender differences that have important implications.

Childhood obesity affects adult metabolic syndrome and diabetes

Abstract: We seek to observe the association between childhood obesity by different measures and adult obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes. Thousand two hundred and nine subjects from “Beijing Blood Pressure Cohort Study” were followed 22.9 ± 0.5 years in average from childhood to adulthood. We defined childhood obesity using body mass index (BMI) or left subscapular skinfold (LSSF), and adult obesity as BMI ≥28 kg/m2. MetS was defined according to the joint statement of International Diabetes Federation and American Heart Association with modified waist circumference (≥90/85 cm for men/women). Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or blood glucose 2 h after oral glucose tolerance test ≥11.1 mmol/L or currently using blood glucose-lowering agents. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association. The incidence of adult obesity was 13.4, 60.0, 48.3, and 65.1 % for children without obesity, having obesity by BMI only, by LSSF only, and by both, respectively. Compared to children without obesity, children obese by LSSF only or by both had higher risk of diabetes. After controlling for adult obesity, childhood obesity predicted independently long-term risks of diabetes (odds ratio 2.8, 95 % confidence interval 1.2–6.3) or abdominal obesity (2.7, 1.6–4.7) other than MetS as a whole (1.2, 0.6–2.4). Childhood obesity predicts long-term risk of adult diabetes, and the effect is independent of adult obesity. LSSF is better than BMI in predicting adult diabetes.

The HIV epidemic in Yunnan Province, China, 1989-2007.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and trends in the HIV epidemic in Yunnan province China between 1989 and 2007. METHODS: Statistical analysis of serological data from voluntary testing and counseling sites medical case reports mass screenings sentinel surveillance and other sources. RESULTS: By 2007 a cumulative total of 57325 cases of HIV infection were reported in Yunnan and unsafe drug injection practices and unsafe sexual behaviors were identified as the dominant modes of transmission. HIV affects injecting drug users most particularly in Jingpo Dai and Yi ethnicities more than 40% in 7 counties. HIV prevalence rates among female sex workers (FSWs) increased from 0.5% in 1995 to 4.0% in 2007; among men who have sex with men from 4.0% in 2005 to 13.2% in 2007; among male clients of FSWs from 0% in 1995-1997 to 1.8% in 2007; among male sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees from 0% in 1992 to 2.1% in 2007; among pregnant women from 0.16% in 1992 to 0.5% in 2007; and among blood donors from 0.0075% in 1992 to 0.084% in 2007. CONCLUSIONS: The HIV epidemic in Yunnan has progressed to a concentrated epidemic. Future efforts must focus on not only groups at risk for primary infection (injecting drug users men who have sex with men and FSWs) but also on their low-risk sexual partners.