Showing papers by "Chinese PLA General Hospital published in 2016"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the fabrication of a self-assembled 3D films platform that combines a natural viscoelastic property material P(VDF-TrFe) with an electrically conductive material rGO for the first time.
434 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ZIKV can induce inflammation in the testis and epididymidis, but not in the prostate or seminal vesicle, and can lead to damaged testes after 60 days post-infection in mice, and suggests that ZikV infection, under certain circumstances, can eventually lead to male infertility.
414 citations
Capital Medical University1, Samsung Medical Center2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong3, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology4, Mongolian National University5, Fudan University6, Peking Union Medical College Hospital7, Sichuan University8, Nanjing Medical University9, Harbin Medical University10, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital11, Chinese PLA General Hospital12, Central South University13, China Medical University (PRC)14, Sun Yat-sen University15, Zhengzhou University16, Third Military Medical University17, Fourth Military Medical University18, Soochow University (Suzhou)19
TL;DR: The recommendations will provide a framework and assurance for the strategy of diagnostic and therapeutic measures to reduce complications from unnecessary treatment and cost and should serve as an application for all professionals involved in the management of patients with adult diffuse glioma and also as a source of knowledge for insurance companies and other institutionsinvolved in the cost regulation of cancer care in China.
406 citations
University of Liège1, Laval University2, Oslo University Hospital3, Leiden University Medical Center4, University of Edinburgh5, University of Cambridge6, French Institute of Health and Medical Research7, Erasmus University Rotterdam8, Medical University of Vienna9, François Rabelais University10, University of São Paulo11, Valparaiso University12, Chinese PLA General Hospital13, Shandong University14, Aix-Marseille University15
TL;DR: The present document provides recommendations for the use of multimodality imaging in the assessment of PHVs.
Abstract: Prosthetic heart valve (PHV) dysfunction is rare but potentially life-threatening. Although often challenging, establishing the exact cause of PHV dysfunction is essential to determine the appropriate treatment strategy. In clinical practice, a comprehensive approach that integrates several parameters of valve morphology and function assessed with 2D/3D transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography is a key to appropriately detect and quantitate PHV dysfunction. Cinefluoroscopy, multidetector computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and to a lesser extent, nuclear imaging are complementary tools for the diagnosis and management of PHV complications. The present document provides recommendations for the use of multimodality imaging in the assessment of PHVs.
379 citations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill1, University of California, Los Angeles2, University of Michigan3, Mayo Clinic4, Northwestern University5, Harvard University6, Temple University7, Georgia Regents University8, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven9, Kingston General Hospital10, Vanderbilt University Medical Center11, Chinese PLA General Hospital12
TL;DR: The Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaires were developed to screen for functional gastrointestinal disorders, serve as inclusion criteria in clinical trials, and support epidemiologic surveys, and all questions were understandable to at least 90% of individuals.
372 citations
TL;DR: The characteristics of osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix synthesis are reviewed, which reveal a sophisticated proton export network driving mineralization, a gene expression program organized with the compartmentalization of the osteooblast epithelium that produces the mature bone matrix composite, despite varying serum calcium and phosphate.
Abstract: We review the characteristics of osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix synthesis. Bone in air breathing vertebrates is a specialized tissue that developmentally replaces simpler solid tissues, usually cartilage. Bone is a living organ bounded by a layer of osteoblasts that, because of transport and compartmentalization requirements, produce bone matrix exclusively as an organized tight epithelium. With matrix growth, osteoblasts are reorganized and incorporated into the matrix as living cells, osteocytes, which communicate with each other and surface epithelium by cell processes within canaliculi in the matrix. The osteoblasts secrete the organic matrix, which are dense collagen layers that alternate parallel and orthogonal to the axis of stress loading. Into this matrix is deposited extremely dense hydroxyapatite-based mineral driven by both active and passive transport and pH control. As the matrix matures, hydroxyapatite microcrystals are organized into a sophisticated composite in the collagen layer by nucleation in the protein lattice. Recent studies on differentiating osteoblast precursors revealed a sophisticated proton export network driving mineralization, a gene expression program organized with the compartmentalization of the osteoblast epithelium that produces the mature bone matrix composite, despite varying serum calcium and phosphate. Key issues not well defined include how new osteoblasts are incorporated in the epithelial layer, replacing those incorporated in the accumulating matrix. Development of bone in vitro is the subject of numerous projects using various matrices and mesenchymal stem cell-derived preparations in bioreactors. These preparations reflect the structure of bone to variable extents, and include cells at many different stages of differentiation. Major challenges are production of bone matrix approaching the in vivo density and support for trabecular bone formation. In vitro differentiation is limited by the organization and density of osteoblasts and by endogenous and exogenous inhibitors.
292 citations
TL;DR: In this article, carbon dots (C-dots) with intrinsic theranostic properties are prepared by using polythiophene benzoic acid as carbon source and shown to exhibit dual photodynamic and photothermal effects under 635 nm laser irradiation with a singlet oxygen ((1)O2) generating efficiency of 27% and high photothermal conversion efficiency of 36.2%.
Abstract: Cancer nanotheranostics combining therapeutic and imaging functions within a single nanoplatform are extremely important for nanomedicine. In this study, carbon dots (C-dots) with intrinsic theranostic properties are prepared by using polythiophene benzoic acid as carbon source. The obtained C-dots absorb light in the range of 400-700 nm and emit bright fluorescence in the red region (peaking from 640 to 680 nm at different excitations). More importantly, the obtained C-dots exhibit dual photodynamic and photothermal effects under 635 nm laser irradiation with a singlet oxygen ((1)O2) generating efficiency of 27% and high photothermal conversion efficiency of 36.2%. These unique properties enable C-dots to act as a red-light-triggered theranostic agent for imaging-guided photodynamic-photothermal simultaneous therapy in vitro and in vivo within the therapeutic window (600-1000 nm).
229 citations
TL;DR: Early studies are reviewed, strategies to improve the therapeutic potential and safety are considered, and the challenges and future prospects for CAR T-cells in cancer therapy are discussed.
Abstract: The genetic modification and characterization of T-cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) allow functionally distinct T-cell subsets to recognize specific tumor cells. The incorporation of costimulatory molecules or cytokines can enable engineered T-cells to eliminate tumor cells. CARs are generated by fusing the antigen-binding region of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or other ligand to membrane-spanning and intracellular-signaling domains. They have recently shown clinical benefit in patients treated with CD19-directed autologous T-cells. Recent successes suggest that the modification of T-cells with CARs could be a powerful approach for developing safe and effective cancer therapeutics. Here, we briefly review early studies, consider strategies to improve the therapeutic potential and safety, and discuss the challenges and future prospects for CAR T-cells in cancer therapy.
226 citations
TL;DR: The EG FR-targeted CAR-T cell therapy is safe and feasible for EGFR-positive advanced relapsed/refractory NSCLC and can be observed in tumor biopsies, along with the CAR-EGFR gene detected in tumor-infiltrating T cells in all four biopsied patients.
Abstract: The successes achieved by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells in hematological malignancies raised the possibility of their use in non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). In this phase I clinical study (NCT01869166), patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive (>50% expression), relapsed/refractory NSCLC received escalating doses of EGFR-targeted CAR-T cell infusions. The EGFR-targeted CAR-T cells were generated from peripheral blood after a 10 to 13-day in vitro expansion. Serum cytokines in peripheral blood and copy numbers of CAR-EGFR transgene in peripheral blood and in tissue biopsy were monitored periodically. Clinical responses were evaluated with RECIST1.1 and immune- related response criteria, and adverse events were graded with CTCAE 4.0. The EGFR-targeted CAR-T cell infusions were well-tolerated without severe toxicity. Of 11 evaluable patients, two patients obtained partial response and five had stable disease for two to eight months. The median dose of transfused CAR(+) T cells was 0.97×10(7) cells kg(-1) (interquartile range (IQR), 0.45 to 1.09×10(7) cells kg(-1)). Pathological eradication of EGFR positive tumor cells after EGFR-targeted CAR-T cell treatment can be observed in tumor biopsies, along with the CAR-EGFR gene detected in tumor-infiltrating T cells in all four biopsied patients. The EGFR-targeted CAR-T cell therapy is safe and feasible for EGFR-positive advanced relapsed/refractory NSCLC.
215 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) protected against severe lung injury induced by RSV infection in an experimental mouse model and in pediatric patients, and suggested that ACE2 is a promising potential therapeutic target in the management of RSV-induced lung disease.
Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of severe lower respiratory illness in infants and young children, but the underlying mechanisms responsible for viral pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. To date, no drugs or vaccines have been employed to improve clinical outcomes for RSV-infected patients. In this paper, we report that angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) protected against severe lung injury induced by RSV infection in an experimental mouse model and in pediatric patients. Moreover, ACE2 deficiency aggravated RSV-associated disease pathogenesis, mainly by its action on the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Furthermore, administration of a recombinant ACE2 protein alleviated the severity of RSV-induced lung injury. These findings demonstrate that ACE2 plays a critical role in preventing RSV-induced lung injury, and suggest that ACE2 is a promising potential therapeutic target in the management of RSV-induced lung disease.
213 citations
TL;DR: An automatic segmentation framework based on 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) and globally optimized surface evolution and adapted into a segmentation model, which is globally optimized in a surface evolution way is proposed.
Abstract: The detection and delineation of the liver from abdominal 3D computed tomography (CT) images are fundamental tasks in computer-assisted liver surgery planning. However, automatic and accurate segmentation, especially liver detection, remains challenging due to complex backgrounds, ambiguous boundaries, heterogeneous appearances and highly varied shapes of the liver. To address these difficulties, we propose an automatic segmentation framework based on 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) and globally optimized surface evolution. First, a deep 3D CNN is trained to learn a subject-specific probability map of the liver, which gives the initial surface and acts as a shape prior in the following segmentation step. Then, both global and local appearance information from the prior segmentation are adaptively incorporated into a segmentation model, which is globally optimized in a surface evolution way. The proposed method has been validated on 42 CT images from the public Sliver07 database and local hospitals. On the Sliver07 online testing set, the proposed method can achieve an overall score of [Formula: see text], yielding a mean Dice similarity coefficient of [Formula: see text], and an average symmetric surface distance of [Formula: see text] mm. The quantitative validations and comparisons show that the proposed method is accurate and effective for clinical application.
TL;DR: Vancomycin-loaded hydrogels may be excellent candidates as hemostatic and antibacterial materials for first aid treatment of the wounded in critical situations.
Abstract: Immediate hemorrhage control and infection prevention are pivotal for saving lives in critical situations such as battlefields, natural disasters, traffic accidents, and so on. In situ hydrogels are promising candidates, but their mechanical strength is often not strong enough for use in critical situations. In this study, we constructed three hydrogels with different amounts of Schiff-base moieties from 4-arm-PEG-NH2, 4-arm-PEG-NHS, and 4-arm-PEG-CHO in which vancomycin was incorporated as an antimicrobial agent. The hydrogels possess porous structures, excellent mechanical strength, and high swelling ratio. The cytotoxicity studies indicated that the composite hydrogel systems possess good biocompatibility. The Schiff bases incorporated improve the adhesiveness and endow the hydrogels with bacteria-sensitivity. The in vivo hemostatic and antimicrobial experiments on rabbits and pigs demonstrated that the hydrogels are able to aid in rapid hemorrhage control and infection prevention. In summary, vancomycin-loaded hydrogels may be excellent candidates as hemostatic and antibacterial materials for first aid treatment of the wounded in critical situations.
TL;DR: It is confirmed that H/R inducedCMECs oxidative damage through the SR-Ca(2+)-XO-ROS injury signals and that liraglutide pretreatment may suppress such CMECsDamage through the PI3K/Akt/survivin pathways.
TL;DR: Adoptive immunotherapy with T cells expressing a tumor-associated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) provides a promising approach for tumor therapy, and a clinical trial for multiple myeloma treatment with CAR-modified T cells recognizing CD138 (CART-138).
TL;DR: This study designs a 3D bioprinted extracellular matrix that provides the spatial inductive cues for enhancing specific differentiation of epidermal lineages to regenerate sweat glands, which is critical for treating deep burns or other wounds.
TL;DR: Autologous, allogeneic BMMSCs or genetically modified BMMSC transplantation can effectively increase bone mass and density, increase bone mechanical strength, correct the imbalance in bone metabolism, and increase bone formation, and is expected to provide a new strategy and method for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Abstract: Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mass and degradation of the bone microstructure, leaving bones that are fragile and prone to fracture. Most osteoporosis treatments improve symptoms, but to date there is no quick and effective therapy. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have pluripotent potential. In adults, BMMSCs differentiate mainly into osteoblasts and adipocytes in the skeleton. However, if this differentiation is unbalanced, it may lead to a decrease in bone mass. If the number of adipocyte cells increases and that of osteoblast cells decreases, osteoporosis can result. A variety of hormones and cytokines play an important role in the regulation of BMMSCs bidirectional differentiation. Therefore, a greater understanding of the regulation mechanism of BMMSC differentiation may provide new methods to prevent and treat osteoporosis. In addition, autologous, allogeneic BMMSCs or genetically modified BMMSC transplantation can effectively increase bone mass and density, increase bone mechanical strength, correct the imbalance in bone metabolism, and increase bone formation, and is expected to provide a new strategy and method for the treatment of osteoporosis.
TL;DR: Two anti-MUC1 CAR-T cell lines were constructed and it was shown that pSM3-CAR effectively caused tumor necrosis, providing new options for improvedCAR-T therapy in solid tumors.
Abstract: Recent progress in chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell (CAR-T cell) technology in cancer therapy is extremely promising, especially in the treatment of patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In contrast, due to the hostile immunosuppressive microenvironment of a solid tumor, CAR T-cell accessibility and survival continue to pose a considerable challenge, which leads to their limited therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we constructed two anti-MUC1 CAR-T cell lines. One set of CAR-T cells contained SM3 single chain variable fragment (scFv) sequence specifically targeting the MUC1 antigen and co-expressing interleukin (IL) 12 (named SM3-CAR). The other CAR-T cell line carried the SM3 scFv sequence modified to improve its binding to MUC1 antigen (named pSM3-CAR) but did not co-express IL-12. When those two types of CAR-T cells were injected intratumorally into two independent metastatic lesions of the same MUC1(+) seminal vesicle cancer patient as part of an interventional treatment strategy, the initial results indicated no side-effects of the MUC1 targeting CAR-T cell approach, and patient serum cytokines responses were positive. Further evaluation showed that pSM3-CAR effectively caused tumor necrosis, providing new options for improved CAR-T therapy in solid tumors.
TL;DR: In this article, a highly stretchable conductive fiber strain sensor is developed based on the P(VDF-TrFE) polymer nanofibers mat and silver nanowires layer, which exhibits high gauge factor of 5.326, rapid response of 20 ms, and outstanding durability after 10 000 strain cycles.
Abstract: Design of fiber strain sensors with high conductivity, good stability, and excellent flexibility is a key procedure to develop high-performance electronic data gloves. Herein, a highly stretchable conductive fiber strain sensor is developed based on the P(VDF-TrFE) polymer nanofibers mat and silver nanowires layer. The conductive fiber sensor exhibits high gauge factor of 5.326, rapid response of 20 ms, and outstanding durability after 10 000 strain cycles. The fiber strain sensor also has the ability to detect bend and torsion deformation with a broad sensing range. These superior features have made it possible to monitor vigorous motions (finger bending or stretching) and subtle physiological signals (pulse and phonation) precisely. The smart data glove integrated with ten-channel circuit in each joint of fingers can recognize various gestures in real time by detecting the motions of fingers, which makes it possible for the application in the future intelligent wearable electronics, such as virtual reality and human-machine interfacing devices.
TL;DR: MiR-21 and miR-155 promote the development of NSCLC, in part by downregulating SOCS1, SOCS6, and PTEN, three tumor suppressor genes often silenced inNSCLC.
Abstract: // Xinying Xue 1, 2 , Yuxia Liu 3 , Yong Wang 1 , Mingming Meng 4 , Kaifei Wang 2 , Xuefeng Zang 5 , Sheng Zhao 6 , Xiaohua Sun 7 , Lei Cui 8 , Lei Pan 1 , Sanhong Liu 9 1 Department of Special Medical Treatment-Respiratory Disease, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China 3 Department of Research, Peking Union Medical Collage Hospital, Beijing, China 4 Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 5 Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 6 Department of Cardiology, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China 7 Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China 8 Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 9 Shanghai Institute of Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China Correspondence to: Lei Pan, email: leipan2010@163.com Sanhong Liu, email: liush@shanghaitech.edu.cn Lei Cui, email: cuileite@aliyun.com Keywords: non-small cell lung carcinoma, miR-21, miR-155, SOCS1, SOCS6 Received: July 11, 2016 Accepted: October 25, 2016 Published: November 02, 2016 ABSTRACT Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. MiR-21 and miR-155 are the most amplified miRNAs in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and are critical promoters of NSCLC progression. However, it remains unclear how miR-21 and miR-155 induce cancer progression, and whether these miRNAs share common targets, such as tumor suppressor genes required to prevent NSCLC. Here we report that miR-21 and miR-155 levels are elevated in NSCLC and are proportional to the progression of the disease. In addition, miR-21 and miR-155 share nearly 30% of their predicted target genes, including SOCS1 , SOCS6 , and PTEN , three tumor suppressor genes often silenced in NSCLC. Consequently, antagonizing miR-21, miR-155 or both potently inhibited tumor progression in xenografted animal models of NSCLC. Treatment with miR-21 and miR-155 inhibitors in combination was always more effective against NSCLC than treatment with a single inhibitor. Furthermore, levels of miR-21 and miR-155 expression correlated inversely with overall and disease-free survival of NSCLC patients. Our findings reveal that miR-21 and miR-155 promote the development of NSCLC, in part by downregulating SOCS1 , SOCS6 , and PTEN . Combined inhibition of miR-21 and miR-155 could improve the treatment of NSCLC.
TL;DR: A magnetic relaxation switch sensing (MRS)-based miRNA sensor using magnetic microparticle-DNA probe-magnetic nanoparticle conjugates (MM1000-DNA-MN30) to detect microRNA in tumor cells or tissues and differentiation of the expression of miR-21 in tumor and surrounding tissues is developed.
Abstract: One-step, quantitative and rapid detection of microRNA (miRNA) in tumor cells or tissues can provide critical information for clinical diagnosis and cancer treatment. In this work, we develop a magnetic relaxation switch sensing (MRS)-based miRNA sensor using magnetic microparticle (1 μm in diameter, MM1000)-DNA probe-magnetic nanoparticle (30 nm in diameter, MN30) conjugates (MM1000-DNA-MN30). In the presence of target miRNA, DSN enzyme selectively cleaves the DNA tether after miRNA/DNA hybridization to release MN30 and leaves the miRNA intact to lead to the declustering of more MN30 than before. In contrast to conventional MRS by measuring the change of transverse relaxation time (ΔT2) induced by the aggregation or dissociation of magnetic particles in the presence of target, we use the cleaved MN30 from conjugates as the direct readout of ΔT2, which is more sensitive and stable. This MRS-based assay allows for one-step detection of 5 fM of miR-21 in urine samples, quantification of miR-21 from 100 canc...
TL;DR: Results indicate that UC‐MSCs can alleviate insulin resistance in part via production of IL‐6 that elicits M2 polarization, and suggests that MSCs may be a new treatment for obesity‐related insulin resistance and T2D concerning macrophage polarized effects.
Abstract: Insulin resistance, a major characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D), is closely associated with adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) that induce chronic low-grade inflammation. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in alleviation of insulin resistance. However, the underlying mechanism still remains elusive. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the effect of MSCs on insulin resistance was related to macrophages phenotypes in adipose tissues of T2D rats. In this study, human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) infusion produced significantly anti-diabetic effects and promoted insulin sensitivity in T2D rats that were induced by a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin and directed ATMs into an alternatively activated phenotype (M2, anti-inflammatory). In vitro, MSC-induced M2 macrophages alleviated insulin resistance caused by classically activated macrophages (M1, pro-inflammatory). Further analysis showed that M1 stimulated UC-MSCs to increase expression of interleukin (IL)-6, a molecule which upregulated IL4R expression, promoted phosphorylation of STAT6 in macrophages, and eventually polarized macrophages into M2 phenotype. Moreover, the UC-MSCs effect on macrophages was largely abrogated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of IL-6. Together, our results indicate that UC-MSCs can alleviate insulin resistance in part via production of IL-6 that elicits M2 polarization. Additionally, human obesity and insulin resistance were associated with increased pro-inflammatory ATMs infiltration. Thus, MSCs may be a new treatment for obesity-related insulin resistance and T2D concerning macrophage polarized effects.
TL;DR: It is concluded that a decreased LMR implied poor prognosis in patients with cancer and could serve as a readily available and inexpensive biomarker for clinical decision.
Abstract: Inflammation influences cancer development and progression, and a low lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) has been reported to be a poor prognostic indicator in several malignancies. Here we quantify the prognostic impact of this biomarker and assess its consistency in various cancers. Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome, cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were secondary outcomes. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Fifty-six studies comprising 20,248 patients were included in the analysis. Overall, decreased LMR was significantly associated with shorter OS in non-hematological malignancy (HR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.53-0.66; P < 0.001) and hematological malignancy (HR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.34-0.56; P < 0.001). Similar results were found in CSS, DFS, RFS and PFS. Moreover, low LMR was significantly associated with some clinicopathological characteristics that are indicative of poor prognosis and disease aggressiveness. By these results, we conclude that a decreased LMR implied poor prognosis in patients with cancer and could serve as a readily available and inexpensive biomarker for clinical decision.
TL;DR: A phase IIa trial to further assess the safety and efficacy of administering autologous anti-CD20 CART (CART-20) cells to patients with refractory or relapsed CD20+ B-cell lymphoma, and suggests large-scale patient recruitment in a future study.
Abstract: Patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma have a dismal prognosis. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-modified T cells (CART cells) that targeted CD20 were effective in a phase I clinical trial for patients with advanced B-cell lymphomas. We performed a phase IIa trial to further assess the safety and efficacy of administering autologous anti-CD20 CART (CART-20) cells to patients with refractory or relapsed CD20+ B-cell lymphoma. Eleven patients were enrolled, and seven patients underwent cytoreductive chemotherapy to debulk the tumors and deplete the lymphocytes before receiving T-cell infusions. The overall objective response rate was 9 of 11 (81.8%), with 6 complete remissions (CRs) and 3 partial remissions; no severe toxicity was observed. The median progression-free survival lasted for >6 months, and 1 patient had a 27-month continuous CR. A significant inverse correlation between the levels of the CAR gene and disease recurrence or progression was observed. Clinically, the lesions in special sites, specifically the spleen and testicle, were refractory to CART-20 treatment. Collectively, these results together with our data from phase I strongly demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of CART-20 treatment in lymphomas and suggest large-scale patient recruitment in a future study. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.org as NCT01735604.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors applied metabolomics and metagenomics technology to discover new biomarkers from plasma and urine of 59 coronary heart disease patients and 43 healthy controls and trace their origin.
Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is top risk factor for health in modern society, causing high mortality rate each year. However, there is no reliable way for early diagnosis and prevention of CHD so far. So study the mechanism of CHD and development of novel biomarkers is urgently needed. In this study, metabolomics and metagenomics technology are applied to discover new biomarkers from plasma and urine of 59 CHD patients and 43 healthy controls and trace their origin. We identify GlcNAc-6-P which has good diagnostic capability and can be used as potential biomarkers for CHD, together with mannitol and 15 plasma cholines. These identified metabolites show significant correlations with clinical biochemical indexes. Meanwhile, GlcNAc-6-P and mannitol are potential metabolites originated from intestinal microbiota. Association analysis on species and function levels between intestinal microbes and metabolites suggest a close correlation between Clostridium sp. HGF2 and GlcNAc-6-P, Clostridium sp. HGF2, Streptococcus sp. M143, Streptococcus sp. M334 and mannitol. These suggest the metabolic abnormality is significant and gut microbiota dysbiosis happens in CHD patients.
TL;DR: A signature of three specific miRNAs present in human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO) identified microarray chip analysis is described and focus on the inflammatory regulatory functions of these immune-relatedMiRNAs.
Abstract: Clinical and experimental studies have highlighted the significance of inflammation in coordinating wound repair and regeneration. However, it remains challenging to control the inflammatory response and tolerance at systemic levels without causing toxicity to injured tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent immunomodulatory properties and facilitate tissue repair by releasing exosomes, which generate a suitable microenvironment for inflammatory resolution. Exosomes contain several effective bioactive molecules and act as a cell-cell communication vehicle to influence cellular activities in recipient cells. During this process, the horizontal transfer of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) to acceptor cells, where they regulate target gene expression, is of particular interest for understanding the basic biology of inflammation ablation, tissue homeostasis, and development of therapeutic approaches. In this review, we describe a signature of three specific miRNAs (miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-181) present in human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXO) identified microarray chip analysis and focus on the inflammatory regulatory functions of these immune-related miRNAs. We also discuss the potential mechanisms contributing to the resolution of wound inflammation and tissue healing.
TL;DR: HNF1A-AS1-miR-30b axis is identified as a key regulator in hepatocarcinogenesis, which may be promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
TL;DR: ABL has antimicrobial activity in biofilms of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa and is a potential therapeutic approach for biofilm-related infections.
Abstract: Background Biofilms affect >80% bacterial infections in human and are usually difficult to eradicate because of their inherent drug resistance. Methods We investigated the effectiveness of antimicrobial blue light (aBL) (wavelength, 415 nm) for inactivating Acinetobacter baumannii or Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in 96-well microplates or infected mouse burn wounds. Results In vitro, in 96-well microplates, exposure of 24-hour-old and 72-hour-old A. baumannii biofilms to 432 J/cm(2) aBL resulted in inactivation of 3.59 log10 and 3.18 log10 colony-forming units (CFU), respectively. For P. aeruginosa biofilms, similar levels of inactivation-3.02 log10 and 3.12 log10 CFU, respectively-were achieved. In mouse burn wounds infected with 5 × 10(6) CFU ofA. baumannii, approximately 360 J/cm(2) and 540 J/cm(2) aBL was required to inactivate 3 log10 CFU in biofilms when delivered 24 and 48 hours, respectively, after bacterial inoculation. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the presence of endogenous porphyrins in both A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa TUNEL assay detected no apoptotic cells in aBL-irradiated mouse skin at up to 24 hours after aBL exposure (540 J/cm(2)). Conclusions aBL has antimicrobial activity in biofilms ofA. baumannii and P. aeruginosa and is a potential therapeutic approach for biofilm-related infections.
TL;DR: An extensible, facile and sensitive multidimensional sensor based on DNA-gold nanoparticle (DNA-AuNP) conjugates for heavy metal ions with a highly sensitive discrimination of metal ion targets with the detection limit as low as 50nM with 100% identification accuracy is obtained.
TL;DR: High rates of CPR and TCFA detected by OCT in CAD patients, especially in those with ACS, although their prevalence is not negligible in stable patients, seems to be a strong predictor of CPR in all the ACS scenarios.
Abstract: Aims The prevalence of plaque rupture at the culprit lesion identified by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in different clinical subset of patients undergoing coronary angiography and its clinical predictors remain to be defined.
Methods All studies including patients with OCT evaluation of the culprit coronary plaque were included. The prevalence of culprit plaque rupture (CPR) and thin-cap fibro-atheroma (TCFA) were the primary endpoints. The factors associated with these findings were studied in a subset of patients with different clinical presentations [ST-elevation myocardial (STEMI) vs. nonST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) vs. unstable angina (UA) vs. stable angina pectoris (SAP)].
Results One hundred and fifty citations were initially appraised at the abstract level and 23 full-text studies were assessed. The mean prevalence of CPR and TCFA was 48.1% (40.5–55.8) and 48.7% (37.4–60.1), respectively. The prevalence of CPR and TCFA were higher in STEMI (70.4 and 76.6%) than in NSTEMI (55.6 and 56.3%) and UA (39.1 and 52.9%) or SAP (6.2 and 22.8%). In the overall population at meta-regression analysis, TCFA and current smoking were the only predictors of CPR (B 3.6:2.0–5.1, P < 0.001 and 0.06:0.02–0.1, P = 0.002, respectively). The factors associated with CPR were different depending on clinical presentation. Hypertension was the only clinical predictor for STEMI (B 3.3: 1.2.–5.3 P = 0.001), while advanced age (B 0.12: 0.02–0.22, P = 0.021), diabetes mellitus (B 0.04: 0.01–0.08, P = 0.012), and hyperlipidaemia (B 0.07:0.02–0.11, P = 0.005) were the predictors in NSTEMI and UA. No clinical predictor was found in SA.
Conclusions Our analysis showed high rates of CPR and TCFA detected by OCT in CAD patients, especially in those with ACS, although their prevalence is not negligible in stable patients. TCFA seems to be a strong predictor of CPR in all the ACS scenarios.
TL;DR: The effective elimination of tumors is successfully realized by PTT under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography, computed tomography, and thermal imaging, which provides a new way for tumor-targeting delivery and cancer theranostic application.
Abstract: Combining photothermal therapy (PTT) with clinical technology to kill cancer via overcoming the low tumor targeting and poor therapy efficiency has great potential in basic and clinical researches. A brand-new MoS2 nanostructure is designed and fabricated, i.e., layered MoS2 hollow spheres (LMHSs) with strong absorption in near-infrared region (NIR) and high photothermal conversion efficiency via a simple and fast chemical aerosol flow method. Owing to curving layered hollow spherical structure, the as-prepared LMHSs exhibit unique electronic properties comparing with MoS2 nanosheets. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate their high photothermal ablation of cell and tumor elimination rate by single NIR light irradiation. Systematic acute toxicity study indicates that these LMHSs have negligible toxic effects to normal tissues and blood. Remarkably, minimally invasive interventional techniques are introduced to improve tumor targeting of PTT agents for the first time. To explore PTT efficiency on orthotopic transplantation tumors, New Zealand white rabbits with VX2 tumor in liver are used as animal models. The effective elimination of tumors is successfully realized by PTT under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography, computed tomography, and thermal imaging, which provides a new way for tumor-targeting delivery and cancer theranostic application.