Chonbuk National University

About: Chonbuk National University is a education organization based out in Jeonju, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Apoptosis & Nanofiber. The organization has 14820 authors who have published 28884 publications receiving 554131 citations.

Defect-Induced Oxidation of Graphite

Abstract: Atomic vacancies with controlled depth and size are generated on a graphite surface by low-energy ion bombardment. The reactivity of vacancies towards an oxygen molecule is investigated by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory. An oxygen molecule (i) exothermally dissociates and then chemisorbs at the top sites and/or the bridge sites of a vacancy, or (ii) forms a precursor state of molecular oxygen at a bridge site. Reaction pathways for oxidative etching are proposed to interpret serpentine and circular etching patterns observed by STM.

Volume I. Introduction to DUNE

Abstract: The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay—these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. This TDR is intended to justify the technical choices for the far detector that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. Volume I contains an executive summary that introduces the DUNE science program, the far detector and the strategy for its modular designs, and the organization and management of the Project. The remainder of Volume I provides more detail on the science program that drives the choice of detector technologies and on the technologies themselves. It also introduces the designs for the DUNE near detector and the DUNE computing model, for which DUNE is planning design reports. Volume II of this TDR describes DUNE's physics program in detail. Volume III describes the technical coordination required for the far detector design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. Volume IV describes the single-phase far detector technology. A planned Volume V will describe the dual-phase technology.

Mode of onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with early repolarization pattern vs. Brugada syndrome.

Abstract: Aims The aim of the present study was to identify specific electrocardiogram (ECG) features that predict the development of multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with an early repolarization (ER) pattern and to compare the mode of VF initiation with that observed in typical cases of Brugada syndrome (BrS). Methods and results The mode of the onset and the coupling intervals of the premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) initiating VF episodes were analysed in patients with BrS ( n = 8) or ER who experienced sudden cardiac death/syncope or repeated appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks. Among the 11 patients with ER, 5 presented with electrical storm (ES, four or more recurrent VF episodes/day). The five ES patients displayed a dramatic but very transient accentuation of J waves across the precordial and limb leads prior to the development of ES. Ventricular fibrillation episodes were more commonly initiated by PVCs with a short–long–short (SLS) sequence in ER (42/58, 72.4%) vs. BrS patients (13/86, 15.1%, P < 0.01). Coupling intervals were significantly shorter in the ER group compared with those with BrS [328 (320, 340) ms vs. 395 (350, 404) ms, P < 0.01]. Conclusion Our study provides additional evidence in support of the hypothesis that ER pattern in the ECG is not always benign. Transient augmentation of global J waves may be indicative of a highly arrhythmogenic substrate heralding multiple episodes of VF in patients with ER pattern. Ventricular tachycardia/VF initiation is more commonly associated with an SLS sequence, and PVCs display a shorter coupling interval in patients with ER pattern compared with those with BrS.