Christ University

About: Christ University is a education organization based out in Bengaluru, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Convection. The organization has 2267 authors who have published 2715 publications receiving 14575 citations. The organization is also known as: Christ College & Christ University.

A Study on the Effect of Canny Edge Detection on Downscaled Images

Abstract: Nowadays user devices such as phones, tablets etc. allows processing the images with help of high-end applications and softwares developed. Most of the times, the images are downscaled to make them compatible with these end devices. This leads to the loss of image quality. This loss of information on downscaling an image results in distortion of edges and while zoomed in results into a blurred image. As the edge detection is a basic step for many image processing applications such as object detection, object segmentation, object recognition, etc. It is necessary to know the impact of edge detection on downscaled image. In this paper, we are using Canny Edge detection method to detect the edges. The original images are downscaled using different interpolation methods. Canny Edge detection is applied on original images and downscaled images to compare the distortion in the edges. We used Structural Similarity Index Method for comparison. We are also comparing execution time taken by Canny Edge Detection on different interpolation methods to check for optimal interpolation method. We observed that the distortion in edges and time efficiency differ for different interpolation methods which are detailed below in the result section. As blurring is also a disadvantage of downscaling, we are applying Gaussian Blur on the images to compare the blurring due to Gaussian blur technique and blurring due to downscaling.

Chemical Solubilization of Coal using HF and Characterization of Products by FTIR, FT Raman, SEM and Elemental Analysis

Abstract: An examination of the structural features of sub-bituminous coal samples from Godavari coal field, India were carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FTIR, FT Raman, and elemental analysis. SEM micrograph analysis of virgin coal revealed the features of lithophiles like aluminium, silicates and calcium. To remove minerals and enhance the carbon content, the sample was leached with HF of different concentrations. FT Raman spectra in the range 100 to 3500 cm-1 region were obtained for coal samples. The same sample was recorded with FTIR for comparison purpose. The spectrums were found to have similar broad characteristics. Certain bands were found to be both Raman and IR active. Variation in band intensity and position was found to be sample dependent. Graphite and defect band was observed on the Raman spectrum. The absence of the features corresponding to inorganic elements in HF leached residual samples was an indication of demineralization. The CHNS analysis showed that the oxygen content decreased by 63% when treated with HF (20%) where as carbon content increased by about 29.63%. The calorific value a remarkable increase of 37% with HF (10%) leaching. In the SEM micrograph of leached sample cracks and devolatization holes were observed. Proximate analysis showed a systematic decrease in ash content from 12.87 wt% to 3.06 wt% with leaching. It was evident from the results that Hydrofluoric acid had significant effect in removing the mineral matter and oxygenated functional groups from the coal.

New constituents triterpene ester and sugar derivatives from Panax ginseng Meyer and their evaluation of antioxidant activities.

Abstract: Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is a well-known herb and used in the old established system of Oriental remedy, especially in Japan, China and Korea. Four new compounds characterized as (cis)- 7β,11α,19,21-tetra-O-decanoyl-18, 22β-dihydroxy-dammar-1-en-3-one (1), 3β,4α,12β-trihydroxystigmast-5-en-21-yl octadecan-9',12'-dienoate (2), dammar-12, 24-dien-3α, 6β, 15α-triol-3α-D-arabinopyranosyl-6β-L-arabinopyranoside (3) and dammar-24-en-3α, 6β, 16α, 20β-tetraol-3α-D-arabinopyranosyl-6β-D-arabinopyranoside (4) were isolated and established from the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of the roots of P. ginseng. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions. Natural compounds indicative a great reservoir of materials and compounds with evolved biological activity, including antioxidant. Compounds 1-4 were investigated in vitro for antioxidant potential using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging actions, and the decision showed the compounds 3and 4 have probablyessential antioxidant properties than the compounds 1and 2 presented weak activity.

Awareness and Knowledge About Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Antenatal Women

Abstract: Aim: The study examined the awareness and knowledge about gestational-diabetes-mellitus (GDM) among antenatal-women and found its influential factors through three phases. Method: The sample for phase I was 523 antenatal women. In phases II and III, 33 participants who were identified to be aware of GDM from Phase I were included. Measures used were Gestational-Diabetes-Knowledge-Questionnaire (GDKQ) and an open-ended questionnaire. Results: Age and “number of Pregnancies to date” significantly predicted awareness. Kruskal-Wallis H test indicated that antenatal-women differed in their ‘knowledge' across the trimesters. Mann-Whitney U showed a difference in ‘knowledge' among participants, ‘with' and ‘without' a history of diabetes. Electronic and print-media were identified to be the significant sources of knowledge. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of implementing methods that enhance the awareness and knowledge of GDM among the antenatal women.

A Decade Survey on Internet of Things in Agriculture

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a united system comprising of physical devices, mechanical and digital machines, and different hardware components like sensors, actuators, cameras etc., monitored and operated by the software. The combination of devices and systems connected over the internet opens the pathway for development of various applications beneficial in terms of economic growth of a nation. IoT has evolved as a potentially emerging computer technology solving various real-life problems and issues. IoT covers vast group of applications, from warfare to surveillance, from habitat monitoring to energy harnessing, predictive analytics and personalized health care, and so on. Among various fields, agriculture is one important field having maximum scope of implementation and investment. The main aim of this book chapter is to furnish all the details related to applications of IoT in the field of agriculture. This includes the details related to data collection, types of sensors used, deployment details, data access through cloud. It also covers details related to various communication technologies used in IoT such as Bluetooth, LoRaWAN, LTE, 6LowPAN, NFC, RFID etc. And above all, the chapter focuses on the significance of IoT on agronomics, agricultural engineering, crop production and livestock production. This chapter is a decade survey conducted to study the contribution of IoT in the field of agriculture. Around 40 research papers for the duration 2008–2018 are collected from peer reviewed journals and conferences. The collected articles are analyzed to provide relevant information required for the various end users.