Showing papers by "Chung-Ang University published in 1988"

Homogeneous Nucleation and Macroscopic Growth of Gas Bubble in Organic Solutions

Abstract: This work concerns the spontaneous gas bubble nucleation after rapid decompression in organic solution initially saturated with dissolved gas and the subsequent bubble growth to macroscopic size. The decompression limit for gas bubble formation was obtained from the stability condition of the critical cluster of dissolved gas molecules. This work also clarifies how the critical cluster grows to the critical size bubble, the first object which is separated from liquid molecules by interface. Further growing of this critical size bubble by diffusion process was treated by an integral method for the concentration boundary layer thickness. The calculation values of the amount of decompression for the homogeneous gas bubble formation in organic solutions and the time required for the birth of macroscopic bubble size are in reasonable agreement with experimental results.

Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidosis

Abstract: Chronic mucocutaneous candidosis (CMC) is a general term used to denote a complex group of disorders characterized by recurrent and persistent infections of skin, mucous membranes and nails with organism of the genus Candida, most frequently C. a/fa/cans.''̂ Although the causative agent, C. albicans, is not generally highly infectious, many persons with low defense mechanisms can become friendly hosts to this yeast.^ CMC differs from the acute types of candidosis in its persistence from its onset (usually within the first year of life) as chronic, sometimes granulomatous, therapy-resistant candidosis.'' Despite extensive epithelial involvement with disfiguring lesions, there is a paradoxic absence of visceral or disseminated sepsis.^ CMC is not a single disease entity but rather a final common clinical presentation for a spectrum of immunodeficiencies ranging from life-threatening to subtle deficiencies, usually of cell-mediated immunity.'*'\" It rnay also be associated with one of multiple endocrine deficiency syndromes and in some adult cases with thymoma.^'' Several subgroups of CMC have been identified with different pattern of inheritance, impaired cell-mediated immunity, and associated medical conditions.*\

Antigenic protein fractions reacting with sera of sparganosis patients.

Abstract: To observe the antigenic protein fractions in saline extract of Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid (sparganum), the crude extract was separated in reducing conditions of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The proteins, transferred by electrophoresis to nitrocellulose paper, were reacted with sera from 15 surgically confirmed sparganosis and 24 cysticercosis patients for immunoblotting. Out of 30 identified protein bands in the extract, bands of 29 and 36 kilodaltons (kDa) were the strongest and the most frequently reacting with specific antibody (IgG) in sparganosis sera. Bands of higher molecular weight also reacted with the sera but their frequency of reactions was lower. Sera of cysticercosis reacted with different protein bands in saline extract of sparganum, but the cross reactions were observed in strong antigenic bands of 29 and 36 kDa.

Biochemical properties of a purified protein in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes.

Abstract: By affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody as ligand, Kim et at. (1986) purified a protein fraction in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes (CF) In this study, the biochemical properties of the purified protein were characterized. Discontinuous-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc-PAGE) of the protein at 4.5∼10% separating gel concentration showed its molecular weight (MW) to be 150 kilodalton (kDa) in non·denatured state, while denaturing sodium dodecyl suifate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that it was composed of 3 different subunits with respective fnw of 15, 10 and 7 kDa. Subunit of 7 kDa was shown to be linked to other subunits by disulade bonds. Isoelectric point of the protein was pH 6.8. The protein was relatively heat-stable for immunologic analysis. These properties indicated that the protein, comprising about 70% of total content in CF, had similar biochemical characters with antigen B of Oriol et at.(1971) in hydatid cyst quid (HF). Key worths: Taenia selium metacestodes, protein In cystic fluid, protein antigen

Immunoblot observation of antigenic protein fractions in Paragonimus westermani reacting with human patients sera.

Abstract: In order to observe the antigenic fractions in saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani, proteins in the crude extract were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS.PAGE) in reducing conditions. The separated protein fractions were transferred to nitrocellulose paper on which 20 sera from human paragonimiasis were reacted and immunoblottrd. Out of 15 stained protein bands in SDS-PAGE, 7 reacted with infected sera while 8 did not. Additionally, 7 unstained protein bands in SDS-PAGE reacted with the sera. Of 14 reacted bands, 30 kilodalton(kDa) band was the most frequently reacted (95%) and was a strong antigen. Protein bands of 23 and 46 kDa were also strong antigens. Bands of over 150 kDa, 120 kDa, 92 kDa, 86 kDa, 74 kDa, 62 kDa, 51 kDa, 32 kDa, 28 kDa, 16.5 kDa and 15.5 kDa were also reactive but their frequencies of the reaction were variable. Key words: Paragonimus westermani, human paragonimiasis, antigenic proteins, SDS-PAGE/ immunoblot

Intracranial synthesis of specific IgG antibody in cerebrospinal fluid of neurocysticercosis patients.

Abstract: To determine the source of Cysticercus-specific IgG antibody in cerebro-spinal fluid(CSF), paired samples of serum and CSF were collected from confirmed neurocysticercosis, other neurologic diseases and normal control. The antibody levels in serum and CSF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). With the measurement of total protein, albumin and IgG concentration in serum and CSF, the contribution of IgG in CSF were calculated in transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis using the formula of Tourtellotte and Ma (1978). Mean concentrations of total protein, albumin, IgG and proportional IgG levels in CSF by transudation, exudation and intracranial synthesis were elevated in neurocysticercosis. But only the intracranial synthesis of IgG showed a statistically significant correlation with the specific IgG antibody levels in CSF. In CSF from lateral ventricle in the 4th ventricular neurocysticercosis, the protein concentrations were normal and the specific antibody levels were negative. However, in consecutively secured lumbar CSF from the same patients, the former were increased and the latter were positive. These results indicated that, in neurocysticercosis, the specific IgG antibody in CSF was a local product of intracranial synthesis.

Effects of diltiazem on isoproterenol- or Ca-induced ventricular myocardial cell injuries in isolated perfused rabbit heart: an electron microscopic study.

Abstract: The ultrastructural changes of isoproterenol- and those of Ca-induced ventricular cell injuries were compared in rabbits and the effect of diltiazem on these injuries was studied by electrom microscopy. In comparison with the controls, the isoproterenol-treated (Group A), the Ca-treated (Group B), and the diltiazem-posttreated (Groups E and F) showed severe myocardial cell damage, such as sarcolemmal disruption, mitochondrial swelling, intramitochondrial electron-dense granules, membranous structures along mitochondrial cristae, thickening or close packing of the Z-lines, separation of cell junctions, frayed myofibrils, clumping of chromatin, and intracellular fluid accumulation. These ultrastructural changes were more pronounced in the Ca-treated (Groups B and F) than in the isoproterenol-treated (Groups A and E) animals. In contrast, the diltiazem-pretreated groups (Groups C and D) showed relatively intact myocardial ultrastructure. However, intramitochondrial electron-dense granules could be frequently found, and particularly the diltiazem-pretreated and Ca-treated group (Group D) showed intracellular fluid accumulation. The results of this study could suggest the following: (1) isoproterenol-induced myocardial cell damage is similar to Ca overload, (2) pretreatment with diltiazem could reduce the deleterious effects of isoproterenol-induced myocardial cell damage, but it could not prevent the effects of Ca overload completely, and (3) posttreatment with diltiazem could not provide any beneficial effect either on the isoproterenol-induced or on the Ca-overloaded mycoardial cell damage, and (4) the beneficial effects of diltiazem are probably derived from the enhanced buffering function of mitochondria to cytosolic Ca or from selective inhibition of transsarcolemmal Ca influx.

A case report: carcinoma of the gastric stump after Billroth II resection.

Abstract: Carcinoma of the gastric stump as a late complication for resection of benign disease is a well recognized clinical entity. The risk of stump carcinoma, at least in Western Europe, is estimated to be increased twofold compared with the normal population. But in Korea there has been one report. Recently we experienced a case of carcinoma of the stump which developed about 20 years after a gastro-jejunostomy for a duodenal ulcer.

Replacer: Problems solving system to have a replacement function

Abstract: In general, it is of conseqence to develop the method how to construct a new problem solving-system REPLACER. The system is of a general human-like replacement function which can be applied to any situation.

Reinforced Shape From Shading Using Multigrid Techniques

Abstract: A relaxation algorithm which alternately estimates the surface orientations and illuminant direction. We use reinforced smoothness constraints for the regularization to solve the ill- posed problem. And multigrid method is employed to improve the convergence rate.