Chung-Ang University

About: Chung-Ang University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 13381 authors who have published 26978 publications receiving 416735 citations. The organization is also known as: CAU & Chung.

The association of the BRAFV600E mutation with prognostic factors and poor clinical outcome in papillary thyroid cancer

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of the BRAFV600E mutation on prognostic factors and poor clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have not been fully quantified. The authors performed comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the strength of associations between these conditions and the BRAFV600E mutation. METHODS: The authors identified the clinical studies that examined the association of the BRAFV600E mutation in surgical specimens with clinicopathologic outcomes between January 2003 and October 2010 using the Medline database. One hundred thirty-one relevant studies were hand-searched. The authors selected 27 studies that included 5655 PTC patients. They calculated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) or risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each study using a random effect model. RESULTS: The average prevalence rate of the BRAFV600E mutation was 49.4%. In 26 studies, compared with the patients who had the wild-type BRAF genes, the PTC patients with the BRAFV600E mutation had increased ORs of an extrathyroidal invasion (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.68-2.73), a lymph node metastasis (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.21-1.97), and an advanced TNM stage (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.61-2.49). In 8 studies, patients with the mutation had 2.14-fold increased risk of recurrent and persistent disease (95% CI, 1.67-2.74). The associations were generally consistent across the different study populations. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrates that the BRAFV600E mutation is closely related to the high-risk clinicopathological factors and poorer outcome of PTC. The results obtained here suggest that the BRAFV600E mutation should be considered as a poor prognostic marker in PTC and may lead to better management for individual patients. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.

Controlled Fluoroalkylation Reactions by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis

Abstract: ConspectusOwing to their unique biological, physical, and chemical properties, fluoroalkylated organic substances have attracted significant attention from researchers in a variety of disciplines. Fluoroalkylated compounds are considered particularly important in pharmaceutical chemistry because of their superior lipophilicity, binding selectivity, metabolic stability, and bioavailability to those of their nonfluoroalkylated analogues. We have developed various methods for the synthesis of fluoroalkylated substances that rely on the use of visible-light photoredox catalysis, a powerful preparative tool owing to its environmental benignity and mechanistic versatility in promoting a large number of synthetically important reactions with high levels of selectivity.In this Account, we describe the results of our efforts, which have led to the development of visible-light photocatalytic methods for the introduction of a variety of fluoroalkyl groups (such as, −CF3, −CF2R, −CH2CF3, −C3F7, and −C4F9) and arylthi...