Chung-Ang University

About: Chung-Ang University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 13381 authors who have published 26978 publications receiving 416735 citations. The organization is also known as: CAU & Chung.

A review on the catalytic conversion of CO2 using H2 for synthesis of CO, methanol, and hydrocarbons

Abstract: Replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources has a fundamental role in creating a sustainable and carbon-free economy. The catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 has great potential to reduce an enormous amount of CO2 and contribute to a green economy by converting CO2 into a variety of useful products. It is very important to develop new and highly efficient catalysts for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2. Recently, the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 has attracted an enormous amount of attention, which has been mainly focused on the development of efficient, selective, and stable catalysts. This review summarizes the current developments and improvements in the catalytic conversion of CO2 by H2 used toward the synthesis of CO, methanol, and hydrocarbons in terms of the catalyst performance, selectivity, and stability. The experimental procedures used for the three main pathways for the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 (CO2 to CO via the reversible water gas shift reaction, CO2 to methanol synthesis, and CO2 to hydrocarbons via the Fischer–Tropsch reaction) using different catalysts are discussed. Furthermore, the industrial application of CO2 hydrogenation processes including their energy and economic analysis are also discussed.

First results from the AMoRE-Pilot neutrinoless double beta decay experiment

Abstract: The advanced molybdenum-based rare process experiment (AMoRE) aims to search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($$0 u \beta \beta $$) of $$^{100}$$Mo with $$\sim 100\,\hbox {kg}$$ of $$^{100}$$Mo-enriched molybdenum embedded in cryogenic detectors with a dual heat and light readout. At the current, pilot stage of the AMoRE project we employ six calcium molybdate crystals with a total mass of 1.9 kg, produced from $$^{48}$$Ca-depleted calcium and $$^{100}$$Mo-enriched molybdenum ($$^{48{{\text {depl}}}}\hbox {Ca}^{100}\hbox {MoO}_{4}$$). The simultaneous detection of heat (phonon) and scintillation (photon) signals is realized with high resolution metallic magnetic calorimeter sensors that operate at milli-Kelvin temperatures. This stage of the project is carried out in the Yangyang underground laboratory at a depth of 700 m. We report first results from the AMoRE-Pilot $$0 u \beta \beta $$ search with a 111 kg day live exposure of $$^{48{{\text {depl}}}}\hbox {Ca}^{100}\hbox {MoO}_{4}$$ crystals. No evidence for $$0 u \beta \beta $$ decay of $$^{100}$$Mo is found, and a upper limit is set for the half-life of $$0 u \beta \beta $$ of $$^{100}$$Mo of $$T^{0 u }_{1/2} > 9.5\times 10^{22}~\hbox {years}$$ at 90% C.L. This limit corresponds to an effective Majorana neutrino mass limit in the range $$\langle m_{\beta \beta }\rangle \le (1.2-2.1)\,\hbox {eV}$$.

Conserved microRNA miR-8 controls body size in response to steroid signaling in Drosophila

Abstract: Body size determination is a process that is tightly linked with developmental maturation. Ecdysone, an insect maturation hormone, contributes to this process by antagonizing insulin signaling and thereby suppressing juvenile growth. Here, we report that the microRNA miR-8 and its target, u-shaped (USH), a conserved microRNA/target axis that regulates insulin signaling, are critical for ecdysone-induced body size determination in Drosophila. We found that the miR-8 level is reduced in response to ecdysone, while the USH level is up-regulated reciprocally, and that miR-8 is transcriptionally repressed by ecdysone's early response genes. Furthermore, modulating the miR-8 level correlatively changes the fly body size; either overexpression or deletion of miR-8 abrogates ecdysone-induced growth control. Consistently, perturbation of USH impedes ecdysone's effect on body growth. Thus, miR-8 acts as a molecular rheostat that tunes organismal growth in response to a developmental maturation signal.