Showing papers by "Chung Yuan Christian University published in 1988"

On the Perceived Functions of Movies

Abstract: The present study examined perceptions of the functions of movie attendance. One hundred American college students completed a questionnaire designed to examine their reasons for going to movies and for their enjoyment of them. In addition, each student grouped recent movie titles into categories containing movies perceived to have something in common and indicated their preference for each group created. Factor analysis revealed three general types of moviegoers, each type perceiving movie attendance as serving a different function: (a) the individual who attended movies as a means of self-escape, (b) the individual who attended as a means of self-development and, (c) the individual who attended purely for the entertainment value of the movie. These factors were systematically related to movie preference (e.g., those who attended as a means of escape preferred movies with an air of unreality). The present results have implications for why people go to movies and the functions that movies may hol...

Absorption of no and so2 in fe(ii)-edta solutions i. absorption in a double stirred vessel

Abstract: A double stirred vessel with a plane gas-liquid interface was used to measure the absorption rates of (i) NO in aqueous solutions of Fe(II)-EDTA, (ii) NO and SO2 in mixtures of Fe(II)-EDTA and Na2SO3 or Na2SO3, at 25°C and 1 atm. The forward rate constants, k2, of the complexing reaction NO + Fe(II)-EDTA→Fe(II)(EDTA)(NO) at various liquid temperatures between 25-80°C and liquid concentrations between 0.01-0.05 mol/dm3 were deduced from chemical absorption theory. The results showed that k2 increases only slightly within 25-80°C and 0.01-0.05 mol/dm3. The rate of absorption of NO during the simultaneous absorption of NO and SO2 was higher than the rate of single NO absorption when Na2SO3 was added to the Fe(II)-EDTA. Na2SO3 can replace Na2SO3, when SO2 is absorbed together with NO.

Chemical initiated-grafted nylon 4 membranes

Abstract: To improve the performance of nylon 4 membranes, this study attempts to utilize chemical initiation which induces different hydrophilicities vinyl monomers grafted onto nylon 4 membranes. Sodium styrene sulfonate, chloromethyl styrene, styrene, and glycidyl methacrylate were used as grafting monomers. The factors that affect the degree of grafting considered were chemical initiators, pH values, kinds and concentrations of monomers, reaction time, and temperatures. The mechanical strength and the transport properties of these chemical-initiated grafted nylon 4 membranes were also investigated. Both the water flux and the salt rejection of sodium styrene sulfonated-grafted membrane were increased significantly, compared to our previous paper,1 and the casein rejections of all of the four grafted nylon 4 membranes studied exceeded 90%. The quaternized nylon 4-g-poly(chloromethyl styrene) membranes were prepared and possessed high water uptake behavior and high transfer number (0.99) for electrodialysis. The sulfonating process was also applied to improve the hydrophilicity of nylon 4-g-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) membrane so that the water flux and the salt rejection were both increased.

ECG analysis based on Hilbert transform descriptor

Abstract: The authors used the Fourier descriptors (FD) of an electrocardiogram (ECG) and a synthetic vectorcardiogram (SVCG) to classify normal beat and premature ventricular contraction (PVC). They find that the magnitude of these descriptors decreases rapidly for higher-order harmonics, and the major shape information of SVCG is contained in a few of these descriptors. The distinction between a normal beat and PVC is very clear. They can efficiently classify normal beats and PVCs by just a few Fourier coefficients. The original SVCG can be reconstructed from few descriptors, results in a significant data compression. Five files of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database were used for evaluation of this method. The accuracy of PVC detection is 98.77%. >

Liquid–crystalline copoly(ester–amide)s prepared from hydroxybenzoic and 4‐aminobenzoic acids

Abstract: Copolycondensations of 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic (syringic acid, SGA), 4-hydroxybenzoic(PHB), and 4-aminobenzoic (PAB) acids with diphenyl chlorophosphate(DPCP)/LiCl/pyridine were studied. Random copolycondensations of a wide range of monomer compositions afforded copolymers exhibiting birefringence at room temperature. However, when the sequence of PHB and PAB was fixed by using a newly prepared monomer, 4-(4′-aminobenzoyloxy) benzoic acid (PABBA), the ordered copolymers thus prepared showed birefringence above 200°C, but not at room temperature. Variations in solubility and thermal behavior were also observed in randomly and sequentially prepared copolymers. The monomer sequences in copolymers in random copolycondensations could be changed by controlling the reaction of monomers with DPCP.

Design and testing of a new type of falling film gas‐liquid contacting device

Abstract: Le contacteur est concu sur le principe du film tombant; il est constitue de plaques carrees ou rectangulaires en materiau plastique leger servant de support au film tombant. On suit la perte de charge et le transfert de matiere

Predominance of vagal bradycardia mechanism in the brain stem of turtles.

Abstract: Cardiovascular parameters of spontaneously breathing pond turtles (Cyclemys flavomarginata) anaesthetized with chloralose (4 mg 100 g-1) and urethane (40 mg 100 g-1), were examined during exploratory electrical stimulation of the brain stem. Turtles exhibited a low mean systemic arterial blood pressure (MSAP, average 25 mmHg) and slow heart rate (average 24 beats min-1). Upon stimulation, pressor (sympathetic), depressor (sympathetic inhibition), bradycardia and hypotensive (vagal) responses were elicited from regions of the brain stem extending from the hypothalamus to the medulla, principally in the medial region. The pressor response appeared after a longer latency than did the bradycardia and hypotensive responses. It developed rather slowly, and rarely attained a magnitude double its resting value. In contrast, stimulation of many points in the brain stem produced marked slowing or even cessation of the heart beat, and thus resulted in an immediate fall of the blood pressure even to zero. This cardio-inhibitory response depended on the integrity of the vagus nerves and was particularly marked upon stimulation in the caudal medulla, the areas of the ambiguus, solitary and dorsomotor nuclei of the vagus and the midline structures. When such an area was stimulated continuously the heart stopped beating throughout the stimulation. The longest period of cardiac arrest before the appearance of escape was 35 min. With continuous stimulation of the peripheral end of the cut vagus, the earliest escape beat occurred even later (65 min). Epinephrine given intravenously produced an increase of MSAP and force of cardiac contraction, although the slope of pressor rise was shallow. Reflex bradycardia, however, was not observed. These experiments show that a very prominent vagal bradycardia can be evoked from the turtle brain stem, which may contribute to its well-known capacity for tolerating anoxia.

Solutions of convolution integral and integral equations via double general orthogonal polynomials

Abstract: Double general orthogonal polynomials are developed in this work to approximate the solutions of convolution integrals, Volterra integral equations, and Fredholm integral equations. The proposed method reduces the computations of integral equations to the successive solution of a set of linear algebraic equations in matrix form; thus, the computational complexity is considerably simplified. Furthermore, the solutions obtained by the general orthogonal polynomials include as special cases solutions by Chebyshev polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Laguerre polynomials, or Jacobi polynomials. A comparison of the results obtained via several different classical orthogonal polynomial approximations is also presented.

Study of the phase transformation and crystallization model of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films

Abstract: Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films have been prepared by the plasma enhanced low pressure chemical vapor deposition (PE-LPCVD) process from monosilane (SiH 4 ) in hydrogen carrier gas. The variations of electrical conductivity with time at various isothermal annealing conditions have been used to study the phase transformation and crystallization kinetics. For the first time, it has been observed that the drop of the electrical conductivity in the early annealing stage is caused by hydrogen out-diffusion with an activation energy of 2.85 eV. Furthermore, a perpendicular crystallization rate with an activation energy of 2.44 eV has been obtained. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) diffraction analysis has also been used to support the process of crystallization. An empirical model to explain the phase transformation and crystallization kinetics of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films has been proposed.

Adaptive noise reduction for pulmonary artery blood pressure

Abstract: An application of time-sequenced adaptive filtering structure to reduction of the pulmonary artery pressure artifact is presented. The authors use the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) signal for the input and an rectified sine wave signal contained correlated information (but not identical in waveshape) for the reference input. A filtered PAP signal from beat to beat provides stable systolic and diastolic pressure information. This filtering system is applicable to a microprocessor-based bedside monitor which requires simultaneous PAP monitoring. >

The effect of contaminant on xylene separation by zeolite adsorption

Abstract: Possible contaminants arising from the oxidation of xylene isomers are detrimental to industrial adsorptive xylene separation processes since they lower the selectivity and recovery of p-xylene. A model compound, acetophenone, has been used to simulate the contaminant and it has been shown via pulse tests to adsorb strongly on to a K-BaY zeolite, thereby lowering the selectivity of p-xylene. Although the liquid desorbent PDEB (p-diethylbenzene) was not effective in removing the adsorbed acetophenone, nitrogen at 400°C and 1 atm was effective both in removing the adsorbed acetophenone and regenerating the adsorbent. Measurements of the adsorption capacity of acetophenone have shown that Molecular Sieve 13 X and K-BaY zeolites are both good adsorbents for acetophenone.

Shape finding of cable systems using nonlinear displacement analysis approach

Abstract: An efficient method for finding initial shape of cable system by nonlinear displacement analysis is presented in this study. The supports of a cable system are first moved from a reference position to the specified boundary and the equilibrium position is then determined by the Newton‐Raphson iteration method. During analysis the large displacement effect is taken into account. The determined shape provides the geometry as well as the prestress distribution of the cable system. In general, the prestress of cable members may be too large or too small in the equilibrium position. So some modifications must be carried out in order to obtain a reasonable initial shape with suitable element length and prestress distribution. This method works well and can be applied to any cable system having an arbitrary form.

The MT‐MSXα(R) method: Applications to Li2, F2, and N2 molecules

Abstract: The multiple scattering Xα(R) method with the scaling parameter α expressed as a function of the internuclear distance is applied to the Li2, N2, and F2 molecules. Compared with the results obtained by the Xα method, the calculated Xα(R) equilibrium distances are smaller, the total energies are lower, and the dissociation energies are larger.

Performance of a wetted-wall sheet bundle column

Abstract: The performance of a wetted-wall sheet bundle column with vertically aligned sheets placed inside as liquid film supports was investigated as an alternative to a wetted-wall fiber bundle column used for gas and liquid contacting. It avoids or simplifies some of the design problems associated with using fibers and still retains the advantages possessed by the fibers such as low pressure drop and high mass transfer coefficient. A comparison with the conventional Raschig ring packings and stainless steel tube bundles show that the fibers and sheets which were made of light weight material has definite advantages in reducing the weight and cost of the packing material in the column substantially.