Chung Yuan Christian University

About: Chung Yuan Christian University is a education organization based out in Taoyuan City, Taiwan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Membrane & Fuzzy logic. The organization has 9819 authors who have published 11623 publications receiving 213139 citations. The organization is also known as: Tiong-gôan-tāi-ha̍k & CYCU.

Charmless three-body decays of B mesons

Abstract: Branching fractions and $CP$-violating asymmetries of charmless ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}PPP$ decays with $P=K$, $\ensuremath{\pi}$ are studied using a simple model based on the factorization approach. The penguin-dominated modes ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{K}}^{0}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${K}^{0}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ have the largest rates among the three-body ${B}_{s}$ decays, and they are dominated by the ${K}_{0}^{*}(1430)$ resonances and nonresonant contributions. The branching fraction of ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{0}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is predicted to be of order $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, which is in the middle of the measured result $(0.2--3.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ obtained by LHCb. We find sizable $CP$ violation in ${K}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${K}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, ${K}^{0}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and ${K}_{S}{K}_{S}{K}_{S}$ channels. Just as the ${B}_{u}$ sector, the $CP$ asymmetries of ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\overline{B}}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{0}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ have similar magnitudes but are opposite in sign. Several model-independent relations based on $U$-spin symmetry for $CP$ asymmetries are derived. Although they cannot be tested by the present available data, they can be checked by the dynamical calculations. Since the $U$-spin symmetry that relates various matrix elements of scalar densities, for example, $⟨{K}^{0}K|\overline{d}q|0⟩$ and $⟨{\overline{K}}^{0}\ensuremath{\pi}|\overline{s}q|0⟩$, is badly broken, the derived $U$-spin relations are generally not well respected.

Polymeric membranes for chiral separation of pharmaceuticals and chemicals

Abstract: The optical resolution or chiral separation of one specific enantiomer from others is in demand for the production of pharmaceuticals because many pharmaceuticals exist as stereoisomers, with each enantiomer having different biological activity. There is considerable demand for separation techniques appropriate for the large-scale resolution of chiral molecules. Chiral separation of racemic mixtures of pharmaceuticals through chiral or achiral polymeric membranes with or without a chiral selector represents a promising system for future commercial application. This article reviews several polymeric materials for the chiral separation of pharmaceuticals. Several chiral separation membranes were prepared from chiral polymers where enantioselectivity was generated from chiral carbons in the main chain. However, it is rather difficult to generate excellent chiral separation membranes from chiral polymers alone, because racemic penetrants mainly encounter the flexible side chains of the membrane polymers. Ther...

Pulsed electromagnetic fields prevent osteoporosis in an ovariectomized female rat model: a prostaglandin E2-associated process.

Abstract: With the use of Helmholtz coils and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulators to generate uniform time varying electromagnetic fields, the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on osteoporosis and serum prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) concentration were investigated in bilaterally ovariectomized rats. Thirty-five 3 month old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five different groups: intact (INT), ovariectomy (OVX), aspirin treated (ASP), PEMF stimulation (PEMF + OVX), and PEMF stimulation with aspirin (PEMF + ASP) groups. All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy except those in INT group. Histomorphometric analyses showed that PEMF stimulation augmented and restored proximal tibial metaphyseal trabecular bone mass (increased hard tissue percentage, bone volume percentage, and trabecular number) and architecture (increased trabecular perimeter, trabecular thickness, and decreased trabecular separation) in both PEMF + OVX and PEMF + ASP. Trabecular bone mass of PEMF + OVX rats after PEMF stimulation for 30 days was restored to levels of age matched INT rats. PEMF exposure also attenuated the higher serum PGE(2) concentrations of OVX rats and restored it to levels of INT rats. These experiments demonstrated that extremely low intensity, low frequency, single pulse electromagnetic fields significantly suppressed the trabecular bone loss and restored the trabecular bone structure in bilateral ovariectomized rats. We, therefore, conclude that PEMF may be useful in the prevention of osteoporosis resulting from ovariectomy and that PGE(2) might relate to these preventive effects.

Functionalized magnetic iron oxide/alginate core-shell nanoparticles for targeting hyperthermia

Abstract: Hyperthermia is one of the promising treatments for cancer therapy. However, the development of a magnetic fluid agent that can selectively target a tumor and efficiently elevate temperature while exhibiting excellent biocompatibility still remains challenging. Here a new core-shell nanostructure consisting of inorganic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles as the core, organic alginate as the shell, and cell-targeting ligands (ie, D-galactosamine) decorated on the outer surface (denoted as Fe3O4@Alg-GA nanoparticles) was prepared using a combination of a pre-gel method and coprecipitation in aqueous solution. After treatment with an AC magnetic field, the results indicate that Fe3O4@Alg-GA nanoparticles had excellent hyperthermic efficacy in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) owing to enhanced cellular uptake, and show great potential as therapeutic agents for future in vivo drug delivery systems.