Showing papers by "Clemson University published in 1971"
619 citations
TL;DR: Estrogen and progesterone concentrations were determined in plasma for the periods of proestrus (4 days prior to estrus) and estrus and progesterone levels were highest on the fourth day before estrus, then progressively decreased to a nearly nondetectable level on the day prior to Esther.
Abstract: Estrogen and progesterone concentrations were determined in plasma for the periods of proestrus (4 days prior to estrus) and estrus. In trial I, blood was obtained at 0630 and 1800 hr every day for 4 days preceding estrus in 10 heifers. In trial II, blood was obtained on the day prior to estrus and every 2–4 hr on the day of estrus in four cows. Estrogen concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Progesterone concentration was determined by the competitive protein binding assay. Plasma estrogen concentrations were less than 10 pg/ml until the day prior to estrus when the concentrations were 15–25 pg/ml. There were transient increases between 3 and 10 pg/ml during the first 3 days of proestrus. Progesterone levels were highest (5–12 ng/ml) on the fourth day prior to estrus, then progressively decreased to a nearly nondetectable level on the day prior to estrus. An estrogen concentration greater than 10 pg/ml was not detected until the progesterone concentration was below 2 ng/ml. Upon the onset of...
129 citations
102 citations
TL;DR: Aircraft structural parameters optimization satisfying flutter velocity constraint and minimum mass, applying to box beam design, is presented in this paper, where the authors apply this approach to a single-aisle aircraft.
Abstract: Aircraft structural parameters optimization satisfying flutter velocity constraint and minimum mass, applying to box beam design
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a coordinate cathetometer was used to measure the dynamic surface tension of an elliptical diaphragm orifice made of 2 mil Mylar film and the orifice was made nonwetting by carefully coating it with paraffin.
53 citations
TL;DR: Fertility is reduced in matings at the first synchronized estrus following MGA treatment, and MGA-treated heifers had more uncleaved ova indicating a higher rate of fertilization failure.
Abstract: Heifers were given .5 or 1 mg/day of melengestrol acetate (MGA) for 14 days to investigate the effect of dose and time of initial treatment on the following parameters: 1) ovarian morphology 2) luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone levels in blood 3) cervical mucus index 4) estrus and 5) ovulation and fertilization following mating. Average time for estrus from last MGA feeding was 7.26 days in 1 mg MGA heifers (p less than .01) and 4.75 days in .5 mg MGA-synchronized heifers. 47% of the heifers given MGA on Day 15 failed to become synchronized whereas only 20% of those given MGA on Day 4 failed. Major physiologica l changes occurred in ovaries as a result of MGA treatment; there were f ewer mature follicles and more very large follicles compared with controls. Cervical mucus index coincided with estrus in only 1/3 of the MGA-treated heifers. Serum LH levels were higher (p less than .05) in those heifers first treated on Day 15 rather than on Day 4 and in animals receiving .5 mg MGA. MGA-treated heifers had more uncleaved ova indicating a higher rate of fertilization failure. It is concluded that fertility is reduced in matings at the first synchronized estrus following MGA treatment.
52 citations
TL;DR: Pectic constituents were isolated from the alcohol insoluble solids of freestone peaches at four stages of ripeness and the purity and degree of esterification of each fraction were determined as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: SUMMARY Pectic constituents were isolated from the alcohol insoluble solids of freestone peaches at four stages of ripeness. The varieties studied were Poppy, Loring, Southland and Rio Oso Gem. The pectic substances were fractionated into pectinic acids, pectic acids and protopectin fractions and the molecular weight of each fraction was calculated from its intrinsic viscosity value. The purity and degree of esterification of each fraction were determined. Corresponding shear press firmness values were also measured. Decrease in the molecular weight values of the pectinic acid fraction was found to be closely related to the increase in proportion of pectinic acids with advancing ripeness. A decrease in esterification of the pectic constituents with advancing ripeness was found mainly in the protopectin fraction. These changes were also closely related to the reduction in shear press firmness of the tissue during the ripening process in all varieties of freestone peaches studied. These results seem to provide a basis for studies of enzymatic reactions which influence fruit ripening.
46 citations
TL;DR: It would be beneficial to determine if factors under the control of the commercial egg producer could be used to decrease the cholesterol content of eggs on the market.
45 citations
TL;DR: Experimental evidence is provided that the black chinned red salamander, Pseudotriton ruber schencki, is a Batesian mimic of N. v. viridescens in the vicinity of the Highlands Biological Station in North Carolina.
Abstract: THE aposematically coloured eft stage of the red spotted newt, Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens, is both toxic and noxious to potential predators. The black chinned red salamander, Pseudotriton ruber schencki, is the most common red-orange salamander other than eft N. v. viridescens in the vicinity of the Highlands Biological Station in North Carolina. This study provides experimental evidence that P. r. schencki is a Batesian mimic of N. v. viridescens.
39 citations
TL;DR: The Inner Piedmont belt as mentioned in this paper represents the migmatitic infrastructural core of the southern crystalline Appalachians and is bounded by narrow, intensely folded, highly sheared, and partially cataclastic belts of lower-grade rocks.
Abstract: The Inner Piedmont belt probably represents the migmatitic infrastructural core of the southern crystalline Appalachians. This belt exhibits the widest area of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the southern Appalachians and is a broad zone separating structures overturned northwestward from those overturned toward the southeast. Three subparallel zones constitute the northeast-trending Inner Piedmont belt in South Carolina and northeastern Georgia. The Inner Piedmont core defines the axis and consists of an assemblage of sillimanite-grade rocks, including mica schist, biotite gneiss, granitoid gneiss, and minor amphibolite. The core is bounded by two flanks of kyanite-grade rocks of a similar character. Amphibolite and granitoid gneiss predominate within the flanks, and migmatizadon is locally intense.
Low dips predominate throughout the entire terrane, but local zones of steep foliation occur. Recumbent/reclined folds appear to characterize the structural style on all scales, and nappes associated with tectonic slides probably represent the largest-scale structures.
The Inner Piedmont is bounded on the northwest and southeast by narrow, intensely folded, highly sheared, and partially cataclastic belts of lower-grade rocks. The northwest belt is termed the Non-migmatitic-Brevard belt; the southeast belt is herein called the Kings Mountain-Wacoochee belt. These belts may be two aspects of the same tectonic feature, for they converge northeastward and southwest-ward. The Inner Piedmont belt, lying between these narrow belts, appears to converge to the northeast in Virginia and toward the southwest in Alabama.
38 citations
TL;DR: The sex ratio of surviving Plodia in a parasitized colony was found to be dependent on the density of female Bracon, and a significantly larger number of female larvae were parasitized in preference to male.
Abstract: Under controlled conditions of 27°C and 60% relative humidity, standard populations of about 1800 larvae of the Indian meal moth, Plodia inter punctella (Hubner), were allowed to proceed through 12 days of larval development. Adults of the braconid parasite Bracon hebetor Say were then introduced at 9 different densities and with a sex ratio of 2 ♀ : 1 ♂. Tests at each density were replicated and randomized, and each experiment was terminated before the initiation of a 2nd host generation. Equilibrium was not sought, but rather the optimum ratio of parasite:host density for most efficient immediate control of the host.
At an introduction of 250 ♀ Bracon , 97% of Plodia larvae were killed. Higher numbers of female Bracon up to 1000 did not increase this mortality significantly.
The sex ratio of surviving Plodia in a parasitized colony was found to be dependent on the density of female Bracon . A significantly larger number of female larvae were parasitized in preference to male.
The sex ratio of Bracon in the F1 generation appeared also to vary with the host:parasite density ratio. The female:male ratio of F1 Bracon showed a quadratic relationship, with a maximum number of female F1 at the 250-♀ wasp density.
TL;DR: Anderson and Briggs as discussed by the authors reported that turkeys liked green color as indicated by their ready acceptance of succulent green feed, even though they had not been accustomed to it, and that some colors of feed might be attractive to newly hatched poults, causing them to find feed early and reduce the incidence of starve-outs.
TL;DR: In this paper, the drying process for textile and other porous fibrous materials is described and a review of the most significant published literature in the field of drying of fibrous material is presented.
Abstract: This paper explains the drying processes for textile and other porous fibrous materials. The various types of heating methods typically employed for drying fibrous materials are described. Procedures for analyzing the drying process by the external approach and by the internal approach are discussed. A review of the most significant published literature in the field of drying of fibrous materials is presented.
TL;DR: A prosthesis of porous ceramic rings and alternate bands of Dacron mesh was constructed and employed to bridge 6-cm defects created in the tracheas of mongrel dogs, indicating that rigid, porous materials can be compatible with soft, viable tissue.
Abstract: The trachea is a rather simple structure, and partly because of this simplicity, many attempts have been made to effect replacement with various types of prosthetic tubes. Unfortunately, the basic design of the trachea is not easily duplicated, and thus far there is no completely satisfactory prosthetic replacement. A series of porous and non-porous ceramics implanted in muscle tissue of rabbits indicated that rigid, porous materials can be compatible with soft, viable tissue. A prosthesis of porous ceramic rings and alternate bands of Dacron mesh was constructed and employed to bridge 6-cm defects created in the tracheas of mongrel dogs. After 6 months an asymptomatic animal was sacrificed. Firm fixation was accomplished and the lumen was completely patent, but histological sections demonstrated that ingrowth and scarring did not satisfactorily contain bacterial infection. Encouragement of epithelial regeneration or some artificial barrier is necessary for successful implants. Work in progress includes devices using both methods to provide this barrier.
TL;DR: In this article, a series of cotton fabrics treated with model flame retardants was studied by static oxygen bomb calorimetry, and the amount of heat evolved when these fabrics were burned in the open atmosphere.
Abstract: A series of cotton fabrics treated with model flame retardants has been studied by static oxygen bomb calorimetry. The amount of heat evolved when these fabrics were burned in the open atmosphere h...
TL;DR: The lysine and total sulfur amino acid requirements of turkey poults have been discussed by a number of workers and Almquist (1952), in his review, listed the lysines requirement for starting…
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: The interaction which occurs between biomedical materials and the physiological environment is discussed with emphasis on the mechanism of biocorrosion, biodegradation, and wear as well as on the toxicology of implant materials.
Abstract: When prosthetic materials are placed in the body, consideration must be given to (1) the effect of the physiological environment upon the prosthetic metal, medical polymer, or bioceramic, and (2) the effect of the prosthetic material and its corrosion or degradation products upon the fluids and tissues of the surrounding environment. The interaction which occurs between biomedical materials and the physiological environment is discussed with emphasis on the mechanism of biocorrosion, biodegradation, and wear as well as on the toxicology of implant materials. Since bone and soft tissue invade certain physiologically acceptable porous ceramic materials, there is reason for optimism that ceramics will become very useful materials of construction for orthopedic and oral appliances.
TL;DR: A model based on diffusion mechanisms accounts for oxygen transfer from flowing nutrient medium into a film of organisms in slime, where the rate of oxygen transport limited microbial respiration.
Abstract: A model based on diffusion mechanisms accounts for oxygen transfer from flowing nutrient medium into a film of organisms in slime. Profiles of dissolved oxygen concentration are generated at distances downstream from the start of the slime. In these studies, the nutrient medium was assumed rich, thus the rate of oxygen transport limited microbial respiration. Parameter sensitivity tests were performed for flow rate, oxygen concentration in the medium, and mass transfer coefficients.
TL;DR: It is found that in cockerels, the red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values rose 13 to 15% when the birds were deprived of water, and in chickens held in cooler environments, these values rose higher.
TL;DR: Temperature and pH significantly affect the growth and composition of Pythium irregulare and P. vexans and there appeared to be a balancing effect of these components with sugar metabolism.
Abstract: Temperature and pH significantly affect the growth and composition of Pythium irregulare and P. vexans. The apparent optimum temperature for mycelial production by either fungus was lower in liquid medium than on agar, and P. irregulare produced greater amounts of mycelium than P. vexans under all conditions tested. The percentage of soluble sugar content in both fungi decreased markedly with increased incubation temperatures, whereas protein content increased. Pythium vexans contained more sugar and less protein than P. irregulare on a percentage basis. Lipid and polysaccharide content varied, but there appeared to be a balancing effect of these components with sugar metabolism. Within the ranges studied, temperature exhibited a more pronounced effect than pH on the growth and composition of these fungi.
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the WISC profile for culturally disadvantaged children was undertaken to determine which subtests were least affected by experimental factors and the highest scores were earned on Picture C...
Abstract: An analysis of the WISC profile for culturally disadvantaged children was undertaken to determine which subtests were least affected by experimental factors. Highest scores were earned on Picture C...
TL;DR: It is suggested that future research should consider other abnormalities, aside from low IQ, that accompany mental retardation.
Abstract: The present study explores the differences and variabilities in reaction times of normal and educable mentally retarded children. The reaction times of 10 normal and 10 mentally retarded students (1Q 45 to 70) were tested by the Lafayette visual choice reaction-time test. A Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test showed significant differences between the reaction times of the normals and retardates on both the simple and choice tasks. It is suggested that future research should consider other abnormalities, aside from low IQ, that accompany mental retardation.
TL;DR: With scanning electron microscopy the spermathecal organ of Sitophilus granarius has been examined and vascular sinuses opening from the body cavity into the body of the glands are observed as pores on the surface of the gland.
Abstract: With scanning electron microscopy the spermathecal organ of Sitophilus granarius (L.) has been examined. The only morphological attachment between this organ and other tissues is to the bursa copulatrix by the sperm duct and to the central nervous system by two nerve fibers. The nerves innervate the muscles connecting the two arms of the U-shaped spermatheca. Glandular cells are grouped together and are connected to the spermathecal lumen by a short collecting duct. Vascular sinuses opening from the body cavity into the body of the gland are observed as pores on the surface of the gland.
TL;DR: A review of the literature indicates that comparisons between laying and non-laying hens under heat stress conditions are very limited, and most heat stress research has been reported with hens in which the laying condition was not mentioned.