Showing papers by "Clemson University published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors synthesize the results of studies that examined how the greenspace and health relationship varies by urbanicity and found that more urban areas had stronger associations for cardiovascular-related, birth, and mortality outcomes and for greenspace measured within 500 meters.
60 citations
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research1, Indian Council of Agricultural Research2, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute3, Clemson University4, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University5, Fayoum University6, Indian Agricultural Research Institute7, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham8, Crops Research Institute9, Bhagwant University10, Deakin University11, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad12, Panjab University, Chandigarh13, Polish Academy of Sciences14
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present various applications of plant-based proteins as food supplements in human nutrition, edible coating materials for fruits and vegetables, emulsifiers in numerous food products, sources of bioactive peptides in nutra-and pharmaceutical products, hydrogels in drug delivery and non-edible applications as wood adhesives.
Abstract: Proteins serve as an imperative macronutrient in human nutrition and well-being. Their nutritional quality substantially varies with their digestibility, amino acid profile, bioavailability, processing and purity. From a nutritional viewpoint, the ideal integration of proteins from diverse plant sources can supply an adequate amount of essential amino acids to fulfil human health needs. The use of plant-derived proteins has recently gained momentum due to their multifaceted edible and nonedible applications and their biodegradable nature. The use of plant proteins will be essential when animal-derived proteins fail to satisfy the requirements of the global population. Physicochemical properties, structural properties, amino acid composition and functional attributes of plant-based proteins are of great interest to the food and processing industries. This review presents various applications of plant-based proteins as food supplements in human nutrition, edible coating materials for fruits and vegetables, emulsifiers in numerous food products, sources of bioactive peptides in nutra- and pharmaceutical products, hydrogels in drug delivery and nonedible applications as wood adhesives. Distinct biological properties of proteins obtained from plant sources such as peanuts, soybeans, kidney beans, rice, quinoa, sunflowers, cottonseed, camelina, maize and others are also conceptually discussed based on their diverse applications in human health and nutrition.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors synthesize the results of studies that examined how the greenspace and health relationship varies by urbanicity, finding that more urban areas had stronger associations for cardiovascular-related, birth, and mortality outcomes and for greenspace measured within 500 m.
53 citations
TL;DR: The amino acid profile is the most important parameter for the evaluation of the quality of a protein, while others (viz., molecular weight distribution, structural morphology, and thermal stability) are crucial properties of the protein.
51 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of RL-based energy management strategies (EMS) is lacking in literature as discussed by the authors, however, a comprehensive survey of the literature can be found in our previous work, which reviewed the recent penetration of RL based EMS like Q-learning, Deep Q Learning, deep deterministic policy gradient in the electrified powertrains domain.
Abstract: The impact of internal combustion engine-powered automobiles on climate change due to emissions and the depletion of fossil fuels has contributed to the progress of electrified powertrains. Energy management strategies (EMS) have shown huge impact on the energy efficiency of the electrified powertrains. In recent years, Reinforcement Learning (RL) based algorithms have been intensely investigated to develop EMS for electrified powertrain with specific depth in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCV) and the research in this area is still acelerating. However, a comprehensive review of RL-based EMS is lacking in literature. This article reviews the recent penetration of RL based EMS like Q-learning, Deep Q Learning, deep deterministic policy gradient in the electrified powertrains domain. Extensive importance is given to the classification of the literature based on powertrain architecture, RL algorithm, and the different features and operation mechanisms of relevant algorithms are highlighted. The use of connected and autonomous vehicles and relevant communication technology to develop RL-based systems have also been discussed. More importantly, the challenges with regards to existing research in the field of RL-based EMS and the potential solutions with scope for future research are also discussed.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of TBCs and their independent thermophysical properties on low-temperature combustion (LTC) have been systematically explored, and the results showed that the optimal coating configuration for kinetically-controlled LTC is a combination of the lowest k, the thickest coating before reaching the limit and the lowest s.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis of published literature on the microbial biomass content in continuous paddy and paddy-upland rotation soils (>1100 data pairs) as compared to that in adjacent upland soils was conducted.
27 citations
TL;DR: Earlier research on restoration and virtual nature, including theory, measurement, and modalities, are synthesized, including a new conceptual model named the Multidimensional Model of Restoration Measurement, which connects different aspects of restoration measurement and theories.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the rate-limiting step(s) of macrocell corrosion in reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments and found that the rate limiting step (RLS) is the most important step.
Abstract: Macrocell corrosion is a frequent and detrimental problem plaguing reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments. This paper investigates the rate-limiting step(s) of macr...
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , surface engineering, including surface termination groups, surface functionalization, surface defects and surface oxidation, of MXenes, and their impact on energy and environmental applications are reviewed.
Abstract: This paper reviews the surface engineering, including surface termination groups, surface functionalization, surface defects and surface oxidation, of MXenes, and their impact on energy and environmental applications of MXenes.
18 citations
TL;DR: A robust BC controller is designed for PMSG-based WECS operations during normal and grid fault conditions and the simulation results reflect on effectuality and robustness of the proposed BC controller in comparison to conventional BC control strategies.
TL;DR: This multi-hit therapeutic nanosystem based on the biodegradable hollow mesoporous Prussian blue (HMPB)-based nanos system helps provide a novel perspective for solving the predicament of cancer treatment, as well as a promising strategy for design of a novel cancer treatment nanoplatform.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a multi-hit strategy based on the biodegradable hollow mesoporous Prussian blue (HMPB)-based nanosystem for tumor-specific therapy that encapsulated the critical heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 17-dimethylamino-ethylamine-17-demethoxydeldanamycin (17-DMAG).
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper evaluated associations between greenness around schools and blood pressure among children and adolescents across China, and found that greenness exposure may lower blood pressure in children.
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified Landau-Levich-Derjaguin (LLD) theory was applied to predict the film thickness in the dip-coating process.
TL;DR: In this paper, the associations of natural and built environment indicators, traffic noise, and air pollution with children living in Alpine valleys were investigated in a cross-sectional survey in several Austrian and Italian mountain valleys.
TL;DR: A partitioning algorithm is provided for computing an exact optimal solution to the shortest-path interdiction problem in which the interdictor acts first to lengthen a subset of arcs, and an evader acts second to select a shortest path across the network.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed simple, accurate, and efficient DNA assays (Ppe.XapF) based on SNP genotyping with KASP technology to quickly test for bacterial spot resistance alleles in peach fruit that allows breeders to cull seedlings at the greenhouse stage.
Abstract: Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a serious peach disease with symptoms that traverse severe defoliation and black surface pitting, cracking or blemishes on peach fruit with global economic impacts. A management option for control and meeting consumer demand for chemical-free, environmentally friendly fruit production is the development of resistant or tolerant cultivars. We developed simple, accurate, and efficient DNA assays (Ppe.XapF) based on SNP genotyping with KASP technology to quickly test for bacterial spot resistance alleles in peach fruit that allows breeders to cull seedlings at the greenhouse stage. The objective of this research was to validate newly developed DNA tests that target the two major QTLs for fruit resistance in peach with diagnostic utility in predicting fruit response to bacterial spot infection. Our study confirms that with only two Ppe.XapF DNA tests, Ppe.XapF1-1 and Ppe.XapF6-2, individuals carrying susceptible alleles can be identified. Use of these efficient and accurate Ppe.XapF KASP tests resulted in 44% reduction in seedling planting rate in the Clemson University peach breeding program.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the potential impact of COVID-19 and their compound effect on three major crop yields in 2020 using the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) concept to model the spatially varying relationship between Standardized precipitation evaporation index (SPEI), COVID19 incidence rate, and three crop yields across the counties located in the USA.
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of transgenic experiments with short life cycle tobacco and RNA-Seq analysis were performed, and the results indicated that ectopic expression of AtCPC in tobacco not only decreased the flavonoid compound accumulation, but also upregulated several lignin biosynthetic genes, and significantly increased the accumulation of lignins.
05 Jul 2022
TL;DR: This paper reported the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 400 sorghum accessions from the Sorghum Association Panel (SAP) at an average coverage of 38× (25-72×), enabling the development of a high-density genomic marker set of 43 983 694 variants including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (approximately 38 million), insertions/deletions (indels), and copy number variants (CNVs) (approximately 170 000).
Abstract: Association mapping panels represent foundational resources for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity and serve to advance plant breeding by exploring genetic variation across diverse accessions. We report the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 400 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) accessions from the Sorghum Association Panel (SAP) at an average coverage of 38× (25-72×), enabling the development of a high-density genomic marker set of 43 983 694 variants including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (approximately 38 million), insertions/deletions (indels) (approximately 5 million), and copy number variants (CNVs) (approximately 170 000). We observe slightly more deletions among indels and a much higher prevalence of deletions among CNVs compared to insertions. This new marker set enabled the identification of several novel putative genomic associations for plant height and tannin content, which were not identified when using previous lower-density marker sets. WGS identified and scored variants in 5-kb bins where available genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data captured no variants, with half of all bins in the genome falling into this category. The predictive ability of genomic best unbiased linear predictor (GBLUP) models was increased by an average of 30% by using WGS markers rather than GBS markers. We identified 18 selection peaks across subpopulations that formed due to evolutionary divergence during domestication, and we found six Fst peaks resulting from comparisons between converted lines and breeding lines within the SAP that were distinct from the peaks associated with historic selection. This population has served and continues to serve as a significant public resource for sorghum research and demonstrates the value of improving upon existing genomic resources.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of natural flow regime metrics on fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages across ecoregions and flow regime types in the state of South Carolina, USA.
TL;DR: In this paper , the first spectral linewidth measurement at kHz resolution of high-power single-frequency fiber lasers using a heterodyne technique was reported, and it was shown that these lasers can operate at a few kHz spectral linwidth.
Abstract: There have been several demonstrations of single-frequency single-mode ytterbium-doped fiber lasers operating at a few hundred watts of power. A narrow spectral linewidth of these lasers is critical for many applications but has never been properly measured before at high powers. In this work, we report the first spectral linewidth measurement at kHz resolution of high-power single-frequency fiber lasers using a heterodyne technique and can confirm that these lasers can indeed operate at a few kHz spectral linewidth. Furthermore, we have improved the power from single-frequency single-mode all-solid photonic bandgap fiber lasers to 500 W using an improved photonic bandgap fiber.
TL;DR: In this paper, an assay was developed using 14C-labeled 1,4-dioxane to measure rate constants for biodegradation based on accumulation of 14C products.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors show that among 76 native and non-native woody plants of deciduous forests of North America, invaders express a unique functional syndrome that combines high metabolic rate with robust leaves of longer lifespan and a greater duration of annual carbon gain, behaviours enabled by seasonally plastic xylem structure and rapid production of thin roots.
Abstract: Successful control and prevention of biological invasions depend on identifying traits of non-native species that promote fitness advantages in competition with native species. Here, we show that, among 76 native and non-native woody plants of deciduous forests of North America, invaders express a unique functional syndrome that combines high metabolic rate with robust leaves of longer lifespan and a greater duration of annual carbon gain, behaviours enabled by seasonally plastic xylem structure and rapid production of thin roots. This trait combination was absent in all native species examined and suggests the success of forest invaders is driven by a novel resource-use strategy. Furthermore, two traits alone-annual leaf duration and nuclear DNA content-separated native and invasive species with 93% accuracy, supporting the use of functional traits in invader risk assessments. A trait syndrome reflecting both fast growth capacity and understorey persistence may be a key driver of forest invasions.
TL;DR: Results from this study suggest that the three millets, grain sorghum and Sorghum-sudangrass are promising summer cover crops for managing M. enterolobii.
TL;DR: In this article, a ray-model method was proposed to parameterize the distribution of projector illumination in the measurement space instead of determining its intrinsic parameters, and a flexible calibration strategy was designed to determine each illumination ray with metric spatio-angular parameters.
TL;DR: In this paper, a double perovskite photocatalyst La2AlFeO6 with high surface area was developed to counter the serious leaching of iron ions, separation of spent catalyst from reaction system for facile recycling, acidic reaction environment (pH＜4).
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used the sparse coding method to reduce the storage of the elements of images so that the matrix can be processed faster and the results can be useful in developing automatic devices for the early detection of common pests and diseases.
Abstract: There are many methods to detect plant pests and diseases, but they are primarily time-consuming and costly. Computer vision techniques can recognize the pest- and disease-damaged fruits and provide clues to identify and treat the diseases and pests in their early stages. This study aimed to identify common pests, including the apple capsid (Plesiocoris rugicollis)/AC, apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella)/ACM, Pear lace bug (Stephanitis pyri)/PLB, and one physiological disease-apple russeting/AR in two cultivars, Golden Delicious and Red Delicious, using the digital image processing and sparse coding method. The Sparse coding method is used to reduce the storage of the elements of images so that the matrix can be processed faster. There have been numerous studies on the identification of apple fruit diseases and pests. However, most of the previous studies focused only on diagnosing a pest or disease, not on computational volume reduction and rapid detection. This research focused on the comprehensive study on identifying pests and diseases of apple fruit using sparse coding. The sparse coding algorithm in this work was designed using Matlab software. The apple pest and disease detection were performed based on 11 characteristics: R, G, B, L, a, b, H, S, V, Sift, and Harris. The class detection accuracy using the sparse coding method was obtained for 10 classes with three views of apple for S. pyri of red apple as 81%, S. pyri of golden apple as 88%, golden apple russeting as 85%, S. pyri and russeting of red apple as 100%, S. pyri and russeting of golden apple as 80%, codling moth of red apple as 86%, codling moth of golden apple as 72%, S. pyri of red apple as 83%, S. pyri of golden apple as 90%, codling moth and S. pyri of red apple as 80%, and codling moth and S. pyri of golden apple as 67%. The total processing time for developing the dictionary was 220 s. Once the dictionary was developed, pest and disease detection took only 0.175 s. The results of this study can be useful in developing automatic devices for the early detection of common pests and diseases of apples. Although the study was focused on apple diseases, results for this work have huge potential for other crops.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a breakthrough advancement in the growth of nanostructured carbon allotropes from CO2 by the viable negative CO2 emission approach, which allows the reduction of CO2 into single atoms C ∗ and subsequently electrocrystallization of C∗ into carbon allotropic structures on the crystallographic planes of the single crystal metals formed as the building blocks.