Cochin University of Science and Technology

About: Cochin University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Kochi, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Natural rubber. The organization has 5382 authors who have published 7690 publications receiving 103827 citations. The organization is also known as: CUSAT & Cochin University.

Holographic equipartition and the maximization of entropy

Abstract: \begin{} The accelerated expansion of the universe can be interpreted as a tendency to satisfy the holographic equipartition. It can be expressed by a simple law, $\Delta V = \Delta t\left(N_{surf}-\epsilon N_{bulk}\right),$ where $V$ is the Hubble volume in Plank units, $t$ is the cosmic time plank units and $N_{surf/bulk}$ is the degrees of freedom on the horizon/bulk of the universe. We show that this holographic equipartition law effectively implies the maximization of entropy. In the cosmological context, a system that obeys the holographic equipartition law behaves as an ordinary macroscopic system that proceeds to an equilibrium state of maximum entropy. We consider the standard $\Lambda$CDM model of the universe and have shown that it is consistent with the holographic equipartition law. Analyzing the entropy evolution we find that it also proceeds to an equilibrium state of maximum entropy.

Application of electromagnetic radiations for decontamination of fungi and mycotoxins in food products: A comprehensive review

Abstract: Background Using emerging technologies such as electromagnetic radiation is introduced to cover a wide range of food processing targets, including decontamination of mycotoxin as a global concern. In this regard, ionising and non-ionising radiations are widely used for mycotoxin decontamination and fungi inactivation in the food and agriculture sectors. Scope and approach The current article provides an overview regarding the applications of electromagnetic radiation techniques such as Gamma irradiation, X-ray, accelerated electron, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, and radio waves for decontamination of fungi and mycotoxins in food products. Besides, the mechanism involved and legislative aspects were discussed. Key findings and conclusions Most radiation treatments offer remarkable effects on fungi’ inactivation and a further reduction in mycotoxin content. Simultaneously, decontamination efficacy depends on fungi and mycotoxin and used a dose of radiation and food characteristics. However, the most efficient decontamination was shown by UV and electron beam. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the efficacy of decontamination by X-rays and visible light. Combining preventive methods with decontamination techniques can result in further reduction in the risk of mycotoxin contamination.