Cochin University of Science and Technology

About: Cochin University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Kochi, Kerala, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Natural rubber. The organization has 5382 authors who have published 7690 publications receiving 103827 citations. The organization is also known as: CUSAT & Cochin University.

Decimal multiplication using compact BCD multiplier

Abstract: Decimal multiplication is an integral part of financial, commercial, and internet-based computations. The basic building block of a decimal multiplier is a single digit multiplier. It accepts two Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) inputs and gives a product in the range [0, 81] represented by two BCD digits. A novel design for single digit decimal multiplication that reduces the critical path delay and area is proposed in this research. Out of the possible 256 combinations for the 8-bit input, only hundred combinations are valid BCD inputs. In the hundred valid combinations only four combinations require 4 times 4 multiplication, 64 combinations need 3 times 3 multiplication, and the remaining 32 combinations use either 3 times 4 or 4 times 3 multiplication. The proposed design makes use of this property. This design leads to more regular VLSI implementation, and does not require special registers for storing easy multiples. This is a fully parallel multiplier utilizing only combinational logic, and is extended to a Hex/Decimal multiplier that gives either a decimal output or a binary output. The accumulation of partial products generated using single digit multipliers is done by an array of multi-operand BCD adders for an (n-digit times n-digit) multiplication.

Severe metabolic acidosis after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: risk factors and association with outcome

Abstract: Metabolic acidosis is frequently observed as a consequence of global ischemia–reperfusion after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We aimed to identify risk factors and assess the impact of metabolic acidosis on outcome after OHCA. We included all consecutive OHCA patients admitted between 2007 and 2012. Using admission data, metabolic acidosis was defined by a positive base deficit and was categorized by quartiles. Main outcome was survival at ICU discharge. Factors associated with acidosis severity and with main outcome were evaluated by linear and logistic regressions, respectively. A total of 826 patients (68.3% male, median age 61 years) were included in the analysis. Median base deficit was 8.8 [5.3, 13.2] mEq/l. Male gender (p = 0.002), resuscitation duration (p < 0.001), initial shockable rhythm (p < 0.001) and post-resuscitation shock (p < 0.001) were associated with an increased level of acidosis. ICU mortality rate increased across base deficit quartiles (39.1, 59.2, 76.3 and 88.3%, p for trend < 0.001), and base deficit was independently associated with ICU mortality (p < 0.001). The proportion of CPC 1 patients among ICU survivors was similar across base deficit quartiles (72.8, 67.1, 70.5 and 62.5%, p = 0.21), and 7.3% of patients with a base deficit higher than 13.2 mEq/l survived to ICU discharge with complete neurological recovery. Severe metabolic acidosis is frequent in OHCA patients and is associated with poorer outcome, in particular due to refractory shock. However, we observed that about 7% of patients with a very severe metabolic acidosis survived to ICU discharge with complete neurological recovery.

Optical-limiting response of rare-earth metallo-phthalocyanine-doped copolymer matrix

Abstract: The nanosecond optical-limiting characteristics (at 532 nm) of some rare-earth metallo-phthalocyanines (Sm(Pc)2,Eu(Pc)2, and LaPc) doped in a copolymer matrix of poly(methyl methacrylate) and methyl-2-cyanoacrylate have been studied for the first time to our knowledge. The optical-limiting response is attributed to reverse saturable absorption due to excited-state absorption. The performance of LaPc in a copolymer host is studied at different linear transmissions. The laser damage thresholds of all the samples are also reported.

Subacute osteomyelitis presenting as a bone tumour. a review of 21 cases

Abstract: Twenty-one patients with subacute osteomyelitis who were initially considered to have bone tumours were reviewed, with an average follow up of 3 years. The clinical symptoms were not specific and laboratory investigations were normal. The radiographic findings were limited osteolysis surrounded by bone sclerosis in 14 cases, osteolysis without definite borders in 6, and onion-layer periosteal bone formation in one. The preoperative diagnoses included osteoid osteoma, osteosarcoma, chondroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, giant cell tumour, fibrosarcoma, eosinophilic granuloma, and bone tumour of unknown aetiology. The definitive diagnosis was made by surgical biopsy, histology and cultures which grew staphylococcus in 9 cases. The gross specimens all showed lymphocytes, plasma cells and granulation tissue with osteogenesis. All the patients recovered completely; 17 were treated with antibiotics and immobilisation, and 4 did not need an antibiotic. There was no recurrence of infection after curettage and excision of the infected tissues.