Institution
Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
Facility•Cambridge, United Kingdom•
About: Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit is a facility organization based out in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cognition & Semantic memory. The organization has 801 authors who have published 3055 publications receiving 257962 citations.
Topics: Cognition, Semantic memory, Working memory, Recall, Semantic dementia
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A comparative analysis and evaluation of three recent theories of posttraumatic stress disorder is provided, including Foa and Rothbaum's emotional processing theory, and Ehlers and Clark's cognitive theory, to identify promising areas for further research.
1,049 citations
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TL;DR: Novel statistical techniques were applied to the meta-analysis of 106 PET and fMRI studies of human emotion and predictions made by key neuroscientific models demonstrated partial support for asymmetry accounts.
Abstract: The application of functional neuroimaging to the study of human emotion has yielded valuable data; however, the conclusions that may be drawn from any one study are limited. We applied novel statistical techniques to the meta-analysis of 106 PET and fMRI studies of human emotion and tested predictions made by key neuroscientific models. The results demonstrated partial support for asymmetry accounts. Greater left-sided activity was observed for approach emotions, whereas neural activity associated with negative/withdrawal emotions was symmetrical. Support was also found for affect program emotion accounts. The activation distributions associated with fear, disgust, and anger differed significantly. These emotions were most consistently associated in activity in regions associated with selective processing deficits when damaged: the amygdala, the insula and globus pallidus, and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, respectively. In contrast, the distributions for happiness and sadness did not differ. These findings are considered in the context of conceptualizations of the neural correlates of human emotion.
1,042 citations
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Stanford University1, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit2, The Mind Research Network3, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research4, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital5, University of Oxford6, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging7, Dartmouth College8, National Institutes of Health9, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg10, University of California, Irvine11, Shandong University12, University of Warwick13, MIND Institute14, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory15, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute16, University of Washington17, Georgia State University18, California Institute of Technology19
TL;DR: The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is developed, a standard for organizing and describing MRI datasets that uses file formats compatible with existing software, unifies the majority of practices already common in the field, and captures the metadata necessary for most common data processing operations.
Abstract: The development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques has defined modern neuroimaging. Since its inception, tens of thousands of studies using techniques such as functional MRI and diffusion weighted imaging have allowed for the non-invasive study of the brain. Despite the fact that MRI is routinely used to obtain data for neuroscience research, there has been no widely adopted standard for organizing and describing the data collected in an imaging experiment. This renders sharing and reusing data (within or between labs) difficult if not impossible and unnecessarily complicates the application of automatic pipelines and quality assurance protocols. To solve this problem, we have developed the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS), a standard for organizing and describing MRI datasets. The BIDS standard uses file formats compatible with existing software, unifies the majority of practices already common in the field, and captures the metadata necessary for most common data processing operations.
1,037 citations
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TL;DR: Although improvements were observed in every one of the cognitive tasks that were trained, no evidence was found for transfer effects to untrained tasks, even when those tasks were cognitively closely related.
Abstract: ‘Brain training’, or the quest for improved cognitive function through the regular use of computerised tests, is a multimillion pound industry1, yet scientific evidence to support its efficacy is lacking. Modest effects have been reported in some studies of older individuals2,3 and preschool children4, and video gamers out perform non-gamers on some tests of visual attention5. However, the widely held belief that commercially available computerised brain trainers improve general cognitive function in the wider population lacks empirical support. The central question is not whether performance on cognitive tests can be improved by training, but rather, whether those benefits transfer to other untrained tasks or lead to any general improvement in the level of cognitive functioning. Here we report the results of a six-week online study in which 11,430 participants trained several times each week on cognitive tasks designed to improve reasoning, memory, planning, visuospatial skills and attention. Although improvements were observed in every one of the cognitive tasks that were trained, no evidence was found for transfer effects to untrained tasks, even when those tasks were cognitively closely related.
1,000 citations
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University of Oxford1, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust2, Imperial College London3, University of Melbourne4, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit5, King's College London6, Fulbourn Hospital7, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust8, University of California, Los Angeles9, University of Cambridge10, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust11
TL;DR: The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines specify the scope and targets of treatment for bipolar disorder, and recommend strategies for the use of medicines in short-term treatment of episodes, relapse prevention and stopping treatment.
Abstract: The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines specify the scope and targets of treatment for bipolar disorder. The third version is based explicitly on the available evidence and presented, like previous Clinical Practice Guidelines, as recommendations to aid clinical decision making for practitioners: it may also serve as a source of information for patients and carers, and assist audit. The recommendations are presented together with a more detailed review of the corresponding evidence. A consensus meeting, involving experts in bipolar disorder and its treatment, reviewed key areas and considered the strength of evidence and clinical implications. The guidelines were drawn up after extensive feedback from these participants. The best evidence from randomized controlled trials and, where available, observational studies employing quasi-experimental designs was used to evaluate treatment options. The strength of recommendations has been described using the GRADE approach. The guidelines cover the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, clinical management, and strategies for the use of medicines in short-term treatment of episodes, relapse prevention and stopping treatment. The use of medication is integrated with a coherent approach to psychoeducation and behaviour change.
989 citations
Authors
Showing all 815 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Trevor W. Robbins | 231 | 1137 | 164437 |
Simon Baron-Cohen | 172 | 773 | 118071 |
Edward T. Bullmore | 165 | 746 | 112463 |
John R. Hodges | 149 | 812 | 82709 |
Barbara J. Sahakian | 145 | 612 | 69190 |
Steven Williams | 144 | 1375 | 86712 |
Alan D. Baddeley | 137 | 467 | 89497 |
John S. Duncan | 130 | 898 | 79193 |
Adrian M. Owen | 107 | 452 | 51298 |
John D. Pickard | 107 | 628 | 42479 |
Dorothy V. M. Bishop | 104 | 377 | 37096 |
David M. Clark | 102 | 370 | 40943 |
David K. Menon | 102 | 732 | 40046 |
Karalyn Patterson | 101 | 291 | 40802 |
Roger A. Barker | 101 | 620 | 39728 |