Showing papers by "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory published in 1979"
TL;DR: It is reported here that the T antigen in a line of SV40-transformed mouse cells forms an oligomeric complex with a specific cell coded protein.
Abstract: THE early region of the small DNA tumour virus, simian virus 40 (SV40), is known to code for at least two polypeptides, the t and T antigens (‘small t’ and ‘large T’) Both these polypeptides are expressed in cells transformed by the virus1–4, and the T antigen has been shown to be essential for both the initiation and maintenance of the transformed state5–9 We therefore need to know how this T protein interacts with components of the host cell in order to understand the mechanism of SV40-induced transformation We report here that the T antigen in a line of SV40-transformed mouse cells forms an oligomeric complex with a specific cell coded protein
2,400 citations
TL;DR: The utility of this cloning system is demonstrated by isolating the yeast gene encoding the arginine permease, CAN1, from a pool of random yeast DNA fragments inserted into YEp13.
950 citations
TL;DR: From the large, complex arrays of composite RNA structures, numerous insights into the RNA splicing mechanisms were inferred.
488 citations
TL;DR: A functional copy of the α mating type gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned by transformation in yeast and it has been shown that three distinct genetic loci implicated in mating type interconversion contain sequences homologous to the cloned fragment.
Abstract: A functional copy of the alpha mating type gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned by transformation in yeast. Using the Southern Blotting procedure it has been shown that three distinct genetic loci implicated in mating type interconversion (HML, HMR and MAT) contain sequences homologous to the clone fragment. The restriction fragment associated with each locus exhibits a characteristic size which can be correlated with the mating type allele present at that locus. The characteristic size difference between the a and alpha genetic elements made it possible to demonstrate that the homothallic interconversion of mating types in this yeast occurs by DNA rearrangement as proposed in the 'cassette hypothesis'.
211 citations
TL;DR: The mutation responsible for the extended host range has been physically mapped by marker rescue experiments using isolated restriction enzyme fragments of the mutants to transfer the new phenotype to wild-type adenovirus.
168 citations
TL;DR: This prototype sequence, which has also been recognized at or near the splice points in other eucaryotic systems, is possibly part of a larger unit which serves as a recognition site for specific excision-ligation events that ultimately lead to the production of mature mRNAs.
151 citations
TL;DR: Genetic and physical characterization of rearrangements of chromosome III which result in changes of cell type in S. cerevisiae are described and it is suggested this deletion removes MATalpha and activates cryptic MATa information stored in HMalpha as proposed in the cassette model of mating type interconversion.
137 citations
TL;DR: The addition of Ser AGC AGU tRNA to an E. coli cell-free protein synthesizing system which contains the endogenous tRNA levels results in up to 100% of the ribosomes translating the MS2 coat gene shifting into the -1 reading frame, and it is concluded that the reading frame shift into the +1 frame yields a hybrid protein.
126 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that one centriole of a pair is preferentially oriented perpendicular, the other parallel to the substrate, which supports the possibility that centrioles are involved in the control of migration in 3T3 cells.
119 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the op3 mutation is a C yield U transition occurring in the second codon of the synthetase cistron, which explains the lowered production of phage replicase (as well as lack of lysis) upon op3 infection of nonpermissive cells.
118 citations
TL;DR: Human paravertebral ganglia examined for the presence of viral-specific RNA by in situ cytological hybridization argued that the HSV genome can be active in the latent state.
TL;DR: No significant self-complementarity exists within the inverted terminal repetition, making terminal initiation of DNA replication via a self-priming mechanism unlikely, however, the terminal A + T-rich region followed immediately by a very G + C -rich region is consistent with other schemes for adenovirus-2 DNA replication.
TL;DR: Nucleotide sequence analysis of the ends of Mu DNA substantiates the hypothesis that specific sites (attachment sites) at the end of the Mu genome are used for the integration of Mu and identifies the attachment sites of Mu.
Abstract: THE temperate bacteriophage Mu has the remarkable ability to insert its DNA in apparently random sites of the Escherichia coli chromosome (1–3). All Mu prophages have the same gene order4, and the finding that the prophage and the phage maps are identical suggests that specific sites (attachment sites) at the ends of the Mu genome are used for the integration of Mu5. Phage particles do not contain the excised, free form of the Mu DNA; instead, the Mu genome is flanked by what seems to be heterogeneous bacterial DNA6,7. The variable DNA at both ends of Mu is thought to be generated when Mu DNA is transposed to many new chromosomal sites during replication and is subsequently packaged into phage particles together with adjacent host DNA. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the ends of Mu DNA reported here substantiates this hypothesis and identifies the attachment sites of Mu. Structural features of the attachment sites are presented.
TL;DR: The pattern of transcription of 2mu circle suggests the possibility that messenger RNA species are derived by cleavage of larger transcripts, and in addition, that the intramolecular recombination of 2 mu circle which occurs in yeast functions as a genetic switch to allow separate expression of two sets of genes on the 2mucircle genome.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the GAL 3 gene product is responsible for inducer synthesis and that the actual inducer is an intermediate in galactose metabolism.
TL;DR: A survey of restriction endonucleases having different cleavage specificities has identified 10 that do not cut wild-type bacteriophage T7 DNA, 11 that cut at six or fewer sites, and 12 thatcut at more than 50 sites.
TL;DR: Three hundred sixty-one amber mutations in essential genes of bacteriophage Mu have been assigned to 1 of 76 deletion groups on the basis of results of deletion mapping by marker rescue from 90 λpMu transducing phage.
TL;DR: The results support earlier conclusions that polygonal networks are structural intermediates responsible for organizing contractile proteins of the cortical microfilament layer into stress fibers.
TL;DR: The angular distribution of directional change of 3T3 cells which followed guiding lines on a substrate and left the guidance at various angles shows a peculiar preference for angles between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, which suggests that the outcome of a probing action and not substrate properties alone can explain the guidance behavior of 3 T3 cells.
Abstract: This paper reports that the angular distribution of directional change of 3T3 cells which followed guiding lines on a substrate and left the guidance at various angles shows a peculiar preference for angles between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. Regarding the phenomenon of cellular guidance itself, 3T3 cells faced with a choice between guiding lines toward different directions seem to explore various options before following one. This observation suggests that the outcome of a probing action and not substrate properties alone can explain the guidance behavior of 3T3 cells.
TL;DR: Small restriction fragments, from around co-ordinate 86.6 on the adenovirus-2 genome, have been used as primers for direct DNA sequence analysis by Sanger's (Sanger et al., 1977) chain termination method with Ad2† DNA as template.
TL;DR: Nucleotide sequences have been determined for regions of the adenovirus-2 genome from which the three principal leaders of late messenger RNA are transcribed and revealed specific repeated primary and secondary structural features at both the 5′ and 3′ ends of each of the conserved RNA segments present in adenova-2 late mRNA transcripts.
TL;DR: These results, together with previous estmates of the translational efficiency of injected heterologous mRNA species, are compatible with the assumption that a large proportion of the endogenous mRNAs is not competing for the translator apparatus of the oocyte and, therefore, probably is present in the temporarily inactivated form.
Abstract: When calf lens crystallin mRNA and rabbit globin mRNA are competing for factors limiting protein synthesis in living Xenopus oocytes, no mRNA species is preferentially selected for translation. Differences in the intrinsic translational efficiency of the mRNA species exist, but the relative efficiencies are the same at high and low mRNA concentrations. mRNAs already being translated, in particular endogenous oocyte mRNAs, are less sensitive to competitive inhibition by injected mRNAs. As injected mRNAs gradually become incorporated into the protein-synthesizing machinery of the oocyte, they acquire the same status as the oocyte's own active mRNAs. Exogenous mRNAs this become endogenous mRNAs. These results, together with previous estmates of the translational efficiency of injected heterologous mRNA species, are compatible with the assumption that a large proportion of the endogenous mRNAs is not competing for the translational apparatus of the oocyte and, therefore, probably is present in the temporarily inactivated form.
TL;DR: Lectins specific for terminal galactose residues and for N -acetyl-galactosamine, including the intrinsic lectins produced by D. discoideum during its development, failed to reveal any reactive glycoproteins.
TL;DR: It is found that the parental Mu DNA cannot be detected as covalently closed circles at any stage during the Mu life cycle, and no distinct replicative or integrative intermediate of Mu, that behaves differently from linear Mu DNA, can be detected.
TL;DR: PtK1 cells were found to form groups of variable size which locomoted in unison, demonstrating in tissue culture the existence of a form of cellular migration which appears intermediary between single cell locomotion and the deformations of extended sheets of cells.
TL;DR: The present knowledge concerning the fate of the heterologous translation products in oocytes is summarized and an outlook to future possibilities of this system is given.
Abstract: One of the advantages of the Xenopus oocyte system for the translation of heterologous mRNAs in comparison with cell-free systems resides in the fact, that a number of post-synthetic modifications of the polypeptide chains also occur in a correct manner in oocytes, whereas they do not occur in the cell-free system. This article briefly summarizes our present knowledge concerning the fate of the heterologous translation products in oocytes and attempts to give an outlook to future possibilities of this system. A list of polypeptides known to be modified following synthesis in oocytes is given in table 1.
TL;DR: Experiments show that this protein binds specifically and with high affinity to Mu DNA, as would be expected of the Mu repressor, and demonstrate that the DNA sequence (operator) to which theMu repressor binds is located on the same HindIII-c restriction fragment of Mu DNA as the repressor gene.
Abstract: PHAGE MU is a temperate virus of Escherichia coli (for reviews see refs 1, 2). The immunity system of Mu has been shown by genetic and physical mapping to lie in the furthest left, 1,000-base-pair restriction fragment of the phage DNA3–6. This end of the phage genome is associated with a short (100-base pair) segment of bacterial DNA4. The HindIII-c restriction fragment of Mu (the furthest left 1,000 base pairs4) has been cloned into the amplifiable plasmid pMB9 (ref. 7). These recombinant plasmids confer high levels of Mu immunity on their hosts and, when recloned into minicell-producing strains, were shown to produce an additional protein of 25,000 subunit molecular weight in purified minicells6,7. This protein is assumed to be the Mu repressor because its production is correlated with immunity to Mu. We report here experiments which show that this protein binds specifically and with high affinity to Mu DNA, as would be expected of the Mu repressor. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the DNA sequence (operator) to which the Mu repressor binds is located on the same HindIII-c restriction fragment of Mu DNA as the repressor gene.
TL;DR: The terminal protein isolated from mature virus is most effectively labeled if the cells are exposed to [35S]methionine during the "intermediate" period of 13 to 21 h postinfection, suggesting that the protein is synthesized during this interval.
Abstract: The protein covalently bound to the 5' termini of adenovirus type 2 DNA has been purified from virus labeled with [35S]methionine, using exclusion chromatography of disrupted virions to isolate the DNA-protein complex, which is then digested with DNase. The terminal protein isolated from mature virus is most effectively labeled if the cells are exposed to [35S]methionine during the "intermediate" period of 13 to 21 h postinfection, suggesting that the protein is synthesized during this interval. The tryptic peptides of the terminal protein were compared with those of several known adenovirus-coded proteins and found to be unrelated. In particular, the terminal protein is not related to the 38-50K early proteins encoded by the leftmost 4.4% of the adenovirus genome, one region essential for the transforming activity of the virus. Neither is it related to the 72K single-strand-specific DNA binding protein, the minor virion component IVa2, or the major capsid component hexon.
01 Jan 1979
TL;DR: The most striking conclusion of a recent meeting on this topic was that prokaryote-based rules of genetic organisation cannot completely explain eukaryote gene control.
Abstract: FOR two decades after the structure of double-stranded DNA had been determined, the difficulty of either establishing or manipulating a DNA sequence made even a descriptive approach to DNA-protein interaction difficult. The recent advances in DNA chemistry have been followed by improved methods of studying the association of DNA with protein and these techniques have provided valuable insights into such interactions as that between lac repressor and its operator DNA, the paradigm in this field, and those between ribosomal proteins and RNA. At a different level however, the most striking conclusion of a recent meeting• on this topic was that prokaryote-based rules of genetic organisation cannot completely explain eukaryote gene control.