Institution
Collège de France
Education•Paris, France•
About: Collège de France is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Dopamine. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 11983 publications receiving 648742 citations. The organization is also known as: College de France.
Topics: Population, Dopamine, Dopaminergic, Receptor, Neural crest
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The results indicate that chromosome 17q could contain a susceptibility locus for human hypertension and show that comparative mapping may be a useful approach for identification of such loci in humans.
Abstract: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for heart attack and stroke and represents a major public health burden because of its high prevalence (e.g. 15-20% of the European and American populations). Although blood pressure is known to have a strong genetic determination, the genes responsible for susceptibility to essential hypertension are mostly unknown. Loci involved in blood pressure regulation have been found by linkage in experimental hereditary hypertensive rat strains, but their relationship to human hypertension has not been extensively investigated. One of the principal blood pressure loci has been mapped to rat chromosome 10 and we have undertaken an investigation of the homologous region on human chromosome 17 in familial essential hypertension. Affected sib-pair analysis and parametric analysis with ascertainment correction gave significant evidence of linkage ( P <0.0001 in some analyses) near two closely linked microsatellite markers, D17S183 and D17S934, that reside 18 cM proximal to the ACE locus in the homology region. Our results indicate that chromosome 17q could contain a susceptibility locus for human hypertension and show that comparative mapping may be a useful approach for identification of such loci in humans.
187 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that this peptide potentiates the inhibitory effect of a conditioned medium diluted at a concentration that is not effective per se, which could contribute to the proposed role of reactive gliosis in this neurodegenerative disease.
Abstract: Brain inflammation is characterized by a reactive gliosis involving the activation of astrocytes and microglia. This process, common to many brain injuries and diseases, underlies important phenotypic changes in these two glial cell types. One characteristic feature of astrocytes is their high level of intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions. Previously, we have reported that astrocyte gap junctional communication (AGJC) and the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), the main constitutive protein of gap junctions, are inhibited in microglia (MG)-astrocyte cocultures. Here, we report that bacterial lipopolysaccharide activation of microglia increases their inhibitory effect on Cx43 expression and AGJC. This inhibition is mimicked by treating astrocyte cultures with conditioned medium harvested from activated microglia. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were identified as being the main factors responsible for this conditioned medium-mediated activity. Interestingly, an inflammatory response characterized by MG activation and reactive astrocytes occurs in Alzheimer's disease, at sites of beta-amyloid (Abeta) deposits. We found that this peptide potentiates the inhibitory effect of a conditioned medium diluted at a concentration that is not effective per se. This potentiation is prevented by treating astrocytes with specific blockers of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha activities. Thus, the suppression of communication between astrocytes, induced by activated MG could contribute to the proposed role of reactive gliosis in this neurodegenerative disease.
187 citations
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TL;DR: A number of examples of partial differential equations that naturally arise in macroeconomics are presented, what is known about their properties, and some open questions for future research are listed.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to get mathematicians interested in studying a number of partial differential equations (PDEs) that naturally arise in macroeconomics These PDEs come from models designed to study some of the most important questions in economics At the same time, they are highly interesting for mathematicians because their structure is often quite difficult We present a number of examples of such PDEs, discuss what is known about their properties, and list some open questions for future research
187 citations
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TL;DR: Low‐frequency stimulation of the hippocampo‐prefrontal cortex pathway activates cortical neurons mostly through AMPA receptors, suggesting that the hippocampal input to the prefrontal cortex utilizes glutamate and/or aspartate as a transmitter.
Abstract: Previous experiments in the rat have demonstrated that field CA1 and the subiculum project to the prefrontal cortex and that this direct unilateral pathway is excitatory. In the present study, anatomical and electrophysiological approaches were used to determine the transmitter mediating the excitatory responses in prefrontal cortex neurons to low-frequency stimulation of the hippocampus. The method of selective retrograde d-[3H]aspartate labelling was used to identify putative glutamatergic and/or aspartatergic hippocampal afferent fibres to the prefrontal cortex. Unilateral microinjection of d-[3H]aspartate into the prelimbic area of the prefrontal cortex resulted in the retrograde labelling of a fraction of hippocampal neurons. Some labelled cell bodies were distributed in field CA1 and the subiculum but larger numbers of neurons were detected in the ventral and intermediary subiculum. In a second series of experiments, the excitatory transmission from the hippocampus to the prefrontal cortex was pharmacologically analysed to provide further evidence for the involvement of glutamate and/or aspartate in the pathway. All prefrontal cortex neurons responding to the stimulation of the hippocampus were activated by selective agonists of the glutamate receptor subtypes alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), and these effects were selectively antagonized by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (APV) respectively. Most of the excitatory responses of prefrontal cortex neurons to single and paired-pulse stimulation of the hippocampus were antagonized by CNQX. APV only affected the excitatory response in a few cells. These results suggest that the hippocampal input to the prefrontal cortex utilizes glutamate and/or aspartate as a transmitter. Even though prefrontal cortex neurons responding to the stimulation of the hippocampus appear to have both AMPA and NMDA receptors, low-frequency stimulation of the hippocampo-prefrontal cortex pathway activates cortical neurons mostly through AMPA receptors.
187 citations
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TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, as to provide real-time information about the response of the immune system to antibiotics.
Abstract: 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115 z Houghton Poultry Research Station, Huntingdon, Cambs PE17 2DA, United Kingdom 3 The Wistar Institute, Thirty-Sixth Street at Spruce, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 4 Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016 5 College de France, Laboratoire de M6dicine Exp6rimentale, 11, Place Marcelin-Berthelot, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France 6 Institute for General and Experimental Pathology, University of Innsbruck, Fritz-Pregl-Strasse 3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria 7 Institute for Experimental Immunology, University of Copenhagen, N0rre Alle 71, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark s Department of Immunology and MRC Group of Immunoregulation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 9 Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 10 Basel Institute for Immunology, Grenzacherstrasse 487, CH-4005 Basel, Switzerland ~1 Department of Avian Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605 a Department of Medical Microbiology, Turku University, Turku, Finland 20520
186 citations
Authors
Showing all 6597 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Pierre Chambon | 211 | 884 | 161565 |
Irving L. Weissman | 201 | 1141 | 172504 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Pierre Bourdieu | 153 | 592 | 194586 |
Stanislas Dehaene | 149 | 456 | 86539 |
Howard L. Weiner | 144 | 1047 | 91424 |
Alain Fischer | 143 | 770 | 81680 |
Yves Agid | 141 | 669 | 74441 |
Michel Foucault | 140 | 499 | 191296 |
Jean-Pierre Changeux | 138 | 672 | 76462 |
Jean-Marie Tarascon | 136 | 853 | 137673 |
K. Ganga | 132 | 272 | 99004 |
Jacques Delabrouille | 131 | 354 | 94923 |
G. Patanchon | 128 | 241 | 87233 |