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Institution

Collège de France

EducationParis, France
About: Collège de France is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Dopamine. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 11983 publications receiving 648742 citations. The organization is also known as: College de France.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Hes1 and Hes5 are essential Notch effectors in regulation of mammalian neuronal differentiation in neural precursor cells prepared from wild‐type, Hes1‐null, Hes5‐null and Hes1-Hes5 double‐null mouse embryos.
Abstract: While the transmembrane protein Notch plays an important role in various aspects of development, and diseases including tumors and neurological disorders, the intracellular pathway of mammalian Notch remains very elusive. To understand the intracellular pathway of mammalian Notch, the role of the bHLH genes Hes1 and Hes5 (mammalian hairy and Enhancer-of-split homologues) was examined by retrovirally misexpressing the constitutively active form of Notch (caNotch) in neural precursor cells prepared from wild-type, Hes1-null, Hes5-null and Hes1-Hes5 double-null mouse embryos. We found that caNotch, which induced the endogenous Hes1 and Hes5 expression, inhibited neuronal differentiation in the wild-type, Hes1-null and Hes5-null background, but not in the Hes1-Hes5 double-null background. These results demonstrate that Hes1 and Hes5 are essential Notch effectors in regulation of mammalian neuronal differentiation.

844 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that Olfr78, an olfactory receptor expressed in the kidney, responds to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and SCFAs produced by the gut microbiota modulate blood pressure via OlfR78 and Gpr41.
Abstract: Olfactory receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate olfactory chemosensation and serve as chemosensors in other tissues. We find that Olfr78, an olfactory receptor expressed in the kidney, responds to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Olfr78 is expressed in the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus, where it mediates renin secretion in response to SCFAs. In addition, both Olfr78 and G protein-coupled receptor 41 (Gpr41), another SCFA receptor, are expressed in smooth muscle cells of small resistance vessels. Propionate, a SCFA shown to induce vasodilation ex vivo, produces an acute hypotensive response in wild-type mice. This effect is differentially modulated by disruption of Olfr78 and Gpr41 expression. SCFAs are end products of fermentation by the gut microbiota and are absorbed into the circulation. Antibiotic treatment reduces the biomass of the gut microbiota and elevates blood pressure in Olfr78 knockout mice. We conclude that SCFAs produced by the gut microbiota modulate blood pressure via Olfr78 and Gpr41.

844 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
04 Dec 2009-Science
TL;DR: It is shown that the covalent attachment of a nickel bisdiphosphine–based mimic of the active site of hydrogenase enzymes onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes results in a high–surface area cathode material with high catalytic activity under the strongly acidic conditions required in proton exchange membrane technology.
Abstract: Interconversion of water and hydrogen in unitized regenerative fuel cells is a promising energy storage framework for smoothing out the temporal fluctuations of solar and wind power. However, replacement of presently available platinum catalysts by lower-cost and more abundant materials is a requisite for this technology to become economically viable. Here, we show that the covalent attachment of a nickel bisdiphosphine–based mimic of the active site of hydrogenase enzymes onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes results in a high–surface area cathode material with high catalytic activity under the strongly acidic conditions required in proton exchange membrane technology. Hydrogen evolves from aqueous sulfuric acid solution with very low overvoltages (20 millivolts), and the catalyst exhibits exceptional stability (more than 100,000 turnovers). The same catalyst is also very efficient for hydrogen oxidation in this environment, exhibiting current densities similar to those observed for hydrogenase-based materials.

843 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Feb 1986-EPL
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on two experiments using an atomic cascade as a light source, and a triggered detection scheme for the second photon of the cascade, which is in contradiction with any classical wave model of light but in agreement with a quantum description involving single-photon states.
Abstract: We report on two experiments using an atomic cascade as a light source, and a triggered detection scheme for the second photon of the cascade. The first experiment shows a strong anticorrelation between the triggered detections on both sides of a beam splitter. This result is in contradiction with any classical wave model of light, but in agreement with a quantum description involving single-photon states. The same source and detection scheme were used in a second experiment, where we have observed interferences with a visibility over 98%. During the past fifteen years, nonclassical effects in the statistical properties of light have been extensively studied from a theoretical point of view (l), and some have been experimentally demonstrated (2-71. All are related to second-order coherence properties, via measurements of intensity correlation functions or of statistical moments. However, there has still been no test of the conceptually very simple situation dealing with single- photon states of the light impinging on a beam splitter. In this case, quantum mechanics predicts a perfect anticorrelation for photodetections on both sides of the beam splitter (a single-photon can only be detected once!), while any description involving classical fields would predict some amount of coincidences. In the first part of this letter, we report on an experiment close to this ideal situation, since we have found a coincidence rate, on both sides of a beam splitter, five times smaller than the classical lower limit. When it comes to single-photon states of light, it is tempting to revisit the famous historical .single-photon interference experiments. (8). One then finds that, in spite of their

840 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: P porous boron nitride nanosheets with very high specific surface area that exhibit excellent sorption performances for a wide range of oils, solvents and dyes are reported.
Abstract: Effective removal of oils, organic solvents and dyes from water is of significant, global importance for environmental and water source protection. Advanced sorbent materials with excellent sorption capacity need to be developed. Here we report porous boron nitride nanosheets with very high specific surface area that exhibit excellent sorption performances for a wide range of oils, solvents and dyes. The nanostructured material absorbs up to 33 times its own weight in oils and organic solvents while repelling water. The saturated boron nitride nanosheets can be readily cleaned for reuse by burning or heating in air because of their strong resistance to oxidation. This easy recyclability further demonstrates the potential of porous boron nitride nanosheets for water purification and treatment.

840 citations


Authors

Showing all 6597 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Pierre Chambon211884161565
Irving L. Weissman2011141172504
David R. Williams1782034138789
Kari Alitalo174817114231
Pierre Bourdieu153592194586
Stanislas Dehaene14945686539
Howard L. Weiner144104791424
Alain Fischer14377081680
Yves Agid14166974441
Michel Foucault140499191296
Jean-Pierre Changeux13867276462
Jean-Marie Tarascon136853137673
K. Ganga13227299004
Jacques Delabrouille13135494923
G. Patanchon12824187233
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20238
202293
2021418
2020429
2019385
2018391