scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Colorado State University

EducationFort Collins, Colorado, United States
About: Colorado State University is a education organization based out in Fort Collins, Colorado, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Radar. The organization has 31430 authors who have published 69040 publications receiving 2724463 citations. The organization is also known as: CSU & Colorado Agricultural College.
Topics: Population, Radar, Poison control, Laser, Soil water


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: As the most comprehensive survey of soil taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity to date, this study demonstrates that metagenomic approaches can be used to build a predictive understanding of how microbial diversity and function vary across terrestrial biomes.
Abstract: For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant and animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we have only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial communities despite soil microbes being the dominant engines of biogeochemical cycles and a major pool of living biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. We used metagenomic sequencing to compare the composition and functional attributes of 16 soil microbial communities collected from cold deserts, hot deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. Those communities found in plant-free cold desert soils typically had the lowest levels of functional diversity (diversity of protein-coding gene categories) and the lowest levels of phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity. Across all soils, functional beta diversity was strongly correlated with taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity; the desert microbial communities were clearly distinct from the nondesert communities regardless of the metric used. The desert communities had higher relative abundances of genes associated with osmoregulation and dormancy, but lower relative abundances of genes associated with nutrient cycling and the catabolism of plant-derived organic compounds. Antibiotic resistance genes were consistently threefold less abundant in the desert soils than in the nondesert soils, suggesting that abiotic conditions, not competitive interactions, are more important in shaping the desert microbial communities. As the most comprehensive survey of soil taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity to date, this study demonstrates that metagenomic approaches can be used to build a predictive understanding of how microbial diversity and function vary across terrestrial biomes.

1,230 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Oct 1996-Langmuir
TL;DR: The presence of two sulfur species was detected in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies of thiol and disulfide molecules adsorbed onto gold surfaces as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The presence of two sulfur species was detected in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies of thiol and disulfide molecules adsorbed onto gold surfaces. These species are assigned to bound thiolate (S2p3/2 binding energy of 162 eV) and unbound thiol/disulfide (S2p3/2 binding energy from 163.5 to 164 eV). These assignments are consistent with XPS data obtained from different thiols (C12, C16, C18, and C22 alkane thiols, a fluorinated thiol, and a cyclic polysiloxane thiol) and different adsorption conditions (solvent type, thiol concentration, temperature, and rinsing). In particular, the use of a poor solvent for thiol adsorption solutions (e.g., ethanol for long chain alkanethiols) and the lack of a rinsing step both resulted in unbound thiol molecules present at the surface of the bound thiolate monolayer. This has implications for recent studies asserting the presence of multiple binding sites for gold−thiolate species in organic monolayers.

1,224 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
07 Apr 2016-Nature
TL;DR: ‘state of the art’ soil greenhouse gas research is highlighted, mitigation practices and potentials are summarized, gaps in data and understanding are identified and ways to close such gaps are suggested through new research, technology and collaboration.
Abstract: Soils are integral to the function of all terrestrial ecosystems and to food and fibre production. An overlooked aspect of soils is their potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Although proven practices exist, the implementation of soil-based greenhouse gas mitigation activities are at an early stage and accurately quantifying emissions and reductions remains a substantial challenge. Emerging research and information technology developments provide the potential for a broader inclusion of soils in greenhouse gas policies. Here we highlight 'state of the art' soil greenhouse gas research, summarize mitigation practices and potentials, identify gaps in data and understanding and suggest ways to close such gaps through new research, technology and collaboration.

1,221 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A method of analysis of second-derivative amide I spectra whereby the frequencies of bands due to different secondary structures can be obtained is demonstrated and the band intensities obtained provide a useful method for estimating the relative amounts of different structures.
Abstract: Infrared spectra have been obtained for 12 globular proteins in aqueous solution at 20 degrees C. The proteins studied, which vary widely in the relative amounts of different secondary structures present, include myoglobin, hemoglobin, immunoglobulin G, concanavalin A, lysozyme, cytochrome c, alpha-chymotrypsin, trypsin, ribonuclease A, alcohol dehydrogenase, beta 2-microglobulin, and human class I major histocompatibility complex antigen A2. Criteria for evaluating how successfully the spectra due to liquid and gaseous water are subtracted from the observed spectrum in the amide I region were developed. Comparisons of second-derivative amide I spectra with available crystal structure data provide both qualitative and quantitative support for assignments of infrared bands to secondary structures. Band frequency assignments assigned to alpha-helix, beta-sheet, unordered, and turn structures are highly consistent among all proteins and agree closely with predictions from theory. alpha-Helix and unordered structures can each be assigned to only one band whereas multiple bands are associated with beta-sheets and turns. These findings demonstrate a method of analysis of second-derivative amide I spectra whereby the frequencies of bands due to different secondary structures can be obtained. Furthermore, the band intensities obtained provide a useful method for estimating the relative amounts of different structures.

1,220 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A multidisciplinary, multilevel, and global perspective is adopted to demonstrate that training and development activities in work organizations can produce important benefits for each of these stakeholders.
Abstract: This article provides a review of the training and development literature since the year 2000. We review the literature focusing on the benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. We adopt a multidisciplinary, multilevel, and global perspective to demonstrate that training and development activities in work organizations can produce important benefits for each of these stakeholders. We also review the literature on needs assessment and pretraining states, training design and delivery, training evaluation, and transfer of training to identify the conditions under which the benefits of training and development are maximized. Finally, we identify research gaps and offer directions for future research.

1,213 citations


Authors

Showing all 31766 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Mark P. Mattson200980138033
Stephen J. O'Brien153106293025
Ad Bax13848697112
David Price138168793535
Georgios B. Giannakis137132173517
James Mueller134119487738
Christopher B. Field13340888930
Steven W. Running12635576265
Simon Lin12675469084
Jitender P. Dubey124134477275
Gregory P. Asner12361360547
Steven P. DenBaars118136660343
Peter Molnar11844653480
William R. Jacobs11849048638
C. Patrignani1171754110008
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
225.1K papers, 10.1M citations

94% related

University of California, Davis
180K papers, 8M citations

94% related

Pennsylvania State University
196.8K papers, 8.3M citations

94% related

University of Wisconsin-Madison
237.5K papers, 11.8M citations

93% related

Cornell University
235.5K papers, 12.2M citations

93% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023159
2022500
20213,596
20203,492
20193,340
20183,136